Cognition as predictor of current and follow-up depressive symptoms in the general population
Abstract
Objective: Previous studies have reported an association between depression and poor cognitive functioning. Unknown is to what degree such associations are merely state‐related or reflect an enduring depression vulnerability. This study examined whether cognitive deficits predict current and/or follow‐up (sub)clinical depressive symptoms in the general population. Method: A population‐based sample of 569 female twins and 43 of their sisters completed a neuropsychological battery. Cross‐sectional and prospective associations between depressive symptoms measured at the subclinical [Symptom Checklist‐90 (SCL‐90)] and clinical level (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV disorders) and neuropsychological factors (episodic memory and information processing speed) were examined. Results: Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV disorders baseline depressive symptoms were significantly associated with information processing speed but not with episodic memory. Episodic memory was significantly associated with follow‐up SCL‐90 depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Being depressed is accompanied by slower information processing. Poor memory functioning may be a predictor for the onset of subclinical depressive symptoms.
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Cognitive control deficits are among the most frequent complaints in depression.
“Deficits in cognitive control are among the most frequent complaints for individuals with depression (Simons et al., 2009).”
From The role of inflammation in core features of depression: Insights from paradigms using exogenously-induced inflammation. (2018) · cites this paper as Simons et al., 2009
Poor performance in tests of episodic memory may predict the onset of depressive symptoms.
“Different population-based studies have suggested that poor performance in tests of episodic memory may predict the onset of depressive symptoms [26, 41].”
From Cognitive remission: a novel objective for the treatment of major depression? (2016) · cites this paper as [26]
Preliminary evidence suggests that cognitive impairment may pre-date the onset of clinically significant depressive symptoms.
“Furthermore, preliminary evidence suggests that cognitive impairment may even pre-date the onset of clinically significant depressive symptoms.”
From Cognitive remission: a novel objective for the treatment of major depression? (2016) · cites this paper as [26]
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- Authors
- Simons, C. J. P., Jacobs, N., Derom, C., Thiery, E., Jolles, J., Van Os, J., & Krabbendam, L.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University (NL)
- KU Leuven (BE)
- Venue
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-06-03
- Volume
- 120
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 45-52
- ISSN
- 0001-690X (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0447
- OpenAlex
- W2144789029
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 5.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion)
- Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Lirias (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Vlaamse regering
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- depression, cognitive impairment, processing speed, episodic memory, subclinical depressive symptoms, depression vulnerability, twins, women, neuropsychological performance
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Cognition Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder, Diseases in Twins, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Middle Aged, Netherlands, Neuropsychological Tests, Personality Inventory, Psychometrics, Mental Recall, Risk Factors, Comorbidity, Young Adult
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