Routine Online Activity and Internet Fraud Targeting: Extending the Generality of Routine Activity Theory
Abstract
Routine activity theory predicts that changes in legitimate opportunity structures (e.g., technology) can increase the convergence of motivated offenders and suitable targets in the absence of capable guardianship. The Internet has fundamentally changed consumer practices and has simultaneously expanded opportunities for cyber-fraudsters to target online consumers. The authors draw on routine activity theory and consumer behavior research to understand how personal characteristics and online routines increase people’s exposure to motivated offenders. Using a representative sample of 922 adults from a statewide survey in Florida, the results of the regression models are consistent with prior research in that sociodemographic characteristics shape routine online activity (e.g., spending time online and making online purchases). Furthermore, indicators of routine online activity fully mediate the effect of sociodemographic characteristics on the likelihood of being targeted for fraud online. These findings support the routine activity perspective and provide a theoretically informed direction for situational crime prevention in a largely unexplored consumer context.
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Pratt et al. (2010) found that frequency of internet use and online purchasing significantly increased the probability of being targeted by internet fraud.
“For example, Pratt et al. (2010) found that the frequency of internet use and online purchasing significantly increased the probability of being targeted by internet fraud.”
From Profiling consumers who reported mass marketing scams: demographic characteristics and emotional sentiments associated with victimization (2024) · cites this paper as Pratt et al. (2010)
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- Authors
- Pratt, T. C., Holtfreter, K., & Reisig, M. D.
- Affiliations
- Arizona State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pratt, Travis C.
- Venue
- Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2010-08
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 267-296
- ISSN
- 0022-4278 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-731X
- OpenAlex
- W2161881360
- Cited by
- 411
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 33.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Law › Criminal Justice and Penology
- Keywords
- routine activity theory, online fraud, cybercrime, online consumer behavior, sociodemographic factors, online purchase, situational crime prevention, mediation
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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