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Cited by 192Death Anxiety and Social ExclusionBullying, Victimization, and AggressionSocial and Intergroup Psychology

Need threat can motivate performance after ostracism

Jamieson, Jeremy P., Harkins, Stephen G., Williams, Kipling D.·2010·Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
DOI 10.1177/0146167209358882
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Abstract

Ostracism threatens fundamental needs of belonging, self-esteem, control, and meaningful existence, which should motivate participants to respond to this threat. However, research has yet to examine the role of need threat in producing motivation after ostracism. In the current work, participants completed a "cognitive ability" (antisaccade) task following Cyberball-induced ostracism or inclusion. In two experiments, it was found that when ostracized, participants do not see antisaccade performance as a means of responding to the concerns produced by need threat; they respond only to the social threat, leading to worse performance than included participants (Experiments 1 and 2). However, when participants see an avenue of response (the Cyberball players can compare antisaccade performances), ostracized participants outperform included participants (Experiment 2). Moreover, this effect was mediated by the need for belonging, suggesting that ostracized participants were motivated to elevate their inclusionary status by demonstrating their worth on the cognitive ability task.

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  • Research on the need-threat model has shown that ostracism can elicit negative affect and reduce self-esteem even in the absence of active, targeted negative feedback such as bullying, harassment, or aggression.

    “Research on the need-threat model has shown that ostracism can elicit negative affect (Sebastian et al., 2010), and reduce self-esteem (Jamieson, Harkins, & Williams, 2010; Leary, Terdal, Tambor, & Downs, 1995) even in the absence of active, targeted negative feedback such as bullying, harassment, or aggression.”

    From Getting Fewer “Likes” Than Others on Social Media Elicits Emotional Distress Among Victimized Adolescents (2020) · cites this paper as Jamieson, Harkins, & Williams, 2010

  • These findings are consistent with the adolescent social-affective learning model and the need-threat literature in that social media evaluative feedback that publicly signals undesirable social status triggered negative internalizing-type affective responses that are known risk factors for depression.

    “These findings are consistent with the adolescent social-affective learning model (Crone & Dahl, 2012; Yeager et al., 2018, 2017) and the need-threat literature (Jamieson et al., 2010; Sebastian et al., 2010; Wolf et al., 2015) in the sense that social media evaluative feedback that publicly signals undesirable social status triggered negative internalizing-type affective responses that are known”

    From Getting Fewer “Likes” Than Others on Social Media Elicits Emotional Distress Among Victimized Adolescents (2020) · cites this paper as Jamieson et al., 2010

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Authors
Jamieson, J. P., Harkins, S. G., & Williams, K. D.
Affiliations
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Northeastern University (US)
  • Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
Corresponding author
Jamieson, Jeremy P.
ORCID
Venue
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2010-04-13
Volume
36
Issue
5
Pages
690-702
ISSN
  • 0146-1672 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-7433
DOI
10.1177/0146167209358882
OpenAlex
W2023628161
Cited by
192
References
34
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 5
FWCI
8.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (R01 DC05237, R01DC005237)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Keywords
ostracism, need threat, motivation, need to belong, self-esteem, Cyberball, antisaccade task, cognitive ability, social inclusion, self-worth, meaningful life
MeSH terms
Arousal, Cognition, Female, Games, Experimental, Humans, Male, Motivation, Psychomotor Performance, Self Concept, Social Behavior, Social Isolation

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