Relational and Physical Aggression, Prosocial Behavior, and Peer Relations: Gender Moderation and Bidirectional Associations

Zimmer-Gembeck, Melanie J.; Geiger, Tasha C.; Crick, Nicki R.

doi:10.1177/0272431605279841

Cited by 325Bullying, Victimization, and AggressionChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentEarly Childhood Education and Development

Relational and Physical Aggression, Prosocial Behavior, and Peer Relations: Gender Moderation and Bidirectional Associations

Zimmer-Gembeck, Melanie J., Geiger, Tasha C., Crick, Nicki R.·2005·The Journal of Early Adolescence

DOI 10.1177/0272431605279841

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Abstract

In this 3-year prospective study (N = 458) spanning a transition to middle school, bidirectional associations between children’s relations with schoolmates (social preference andimpact)and behaviors (physical and relational aggression, prosocial behavior) were examined using structural equation modeling. Gender moderation of all estimated paths was examined. There was no gender difference in relational aggression in Grade 3; girls were more relationally aggressive than boys in Grade 6. Males were more physically aggressive than females; females were more prosocial and preferred by peers. Longitudinal and bidirectional associations between relations with peers and behaviors were found. Compared to one-group models of social preference and impact, gender moderation models improved model fit significantly. With regard to social preference and children’s behaviors, gender moderated concurrent, but not longitudinal, associations. With regards to social impact and children’s behaviors, gender moderated both concurrent and longitudinal associations. There was moderate stability of behaviors, including relational aggression.

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Many adolescents use relational aggression to manage interpersonal conflicts, and some studies suggest it is more common among girls than boys.
“For example, many adolescents use relational aggression to manage interpersonal conflicts, and some studies suggest that it is more common among girls than boys (Linder, Crick, & Collins, 2002; Zimmer-Gembeck, Geiger, & Crick, 2005).”
From Interparental Conflict and Adolescents’ Romantic Relationship Conflict (2010) · cites this paper as Zimmer-Gembeck, Geiger, & Crick, 2005

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Authors: Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., Geiger, T. C., & Crick, N. R.
Affiliations: Griffith University-Gold Coast Campus,
University of Rochester Medicine (US)
University of Minnesota (US)
Venue: The Journal of Early Adolescence
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2005-11
Volume: 25
Issue: 4
Pages: 421-452
ISSN: 0272-4316 (ISSN-L)
1552-5449
DOI: 10.1177/0272431605279841
OpenAlex: W2122066434
Cited by: 325
References: 95
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 68 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 16.51
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: The Journal of Early Adolescence (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Education › Early Childhood Education and Development
Keywords: relational aggression, physical aggression, prosocial behavior, peer relationships, social preferences, social impact, gender differences, middle school transition, bidirectional relationship, behavioral stability, children

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Relational and Physical Aggression, Prosocial Behavior, and Peer Relations: Gender Moderation and Bidirectional Associations

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