Cited by 259Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesPersonality Disorders and PsychopathologySubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

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Treating Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: A Systematic Review of Psychological and Pharmacological Interventions

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Turner, Brianna J, Austin, Sara B, Chapman, Alexander L·2014·The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1177/070674371405901103PMC PMC4244876

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Abstract

Objective: Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), the deliberate, self-inflicted damage of bodily tissue without the intent to die, is associated with various negative outcomes. Although basic and epidemiologic research on NSSI has increased during the last 2 decades, literature on effective interventions targeting NSSI is still emerging. Here, we present a comprehensive, systematic review of existing psychological and pharmacological treatments designed specifically for NSSI, or including outcome assessments examining change in NSSI. Method: We conducted a systematic search of PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and ERIC databases to retrieve relevant articles that met inclusion criteria; specifically, uncontrolled and controlled trials that 1) presented quantitative outcome data on NSSI, and 2) clearly differentiated NSSI from suicidal self-injury (SSI). Consistent with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, definition of NSSI, we excluded studies examining populations with developmental or intellectual disabilities, or with psychotic disorders. Results: Several interventions appear to hold promise for reducing NSSI, including dialectical behaviour therapy, emotion regulation group therapy, manual-assisted cognitive therapy, dynamic deconstructive psychotherapy, atypical antipsychotics (aripiprazole), naltrexone, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (with or without cognitive-behavioural therapy). Nevertheless, there remains a paucity of well-controlled studies investigating treatment efficacy for NSSI. Conclusions: Structured psychotherapeutic approaches focusing on collaborative therapeutic relationships, motivation for change, and directly addressing NSSI behaviours seem to be most effective in reducing NSSI. Medications targeting the serotonergic, dopaminergic and opioid systems also have demonstrated some benefits. Future studies employing controlled designs as well as a clear delineation of NSSI and SSI will improve knowledge regarding treatment effects.

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“, 2019) and skills training to strengthen interpersonal bonding and family relationships such as communication training, problemsolving and/or conflict management (Hetrick, Robinson, Spittal, & Carter, 2016; Turner et al., 2014).”
Background
Clinical Characteristics Associated with Suicide Attempts in Clinical Settings: A Comparison of Suicidal and Non-Suicidal Depressed Inpatients
Gramaglia, C., Feggi, A., Bergamasco, P., Bert, F., Gattoni, E., Marangon, D., Siliquini, R., Torre, E., & Zeppegno, P. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00109 · Cited by 24
“The small number of drugs for which there is empirical evidence of a reduction in non-suicidal self-injurious behavior includes some SSRIs and venlafaxine (36).”
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Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: Management on the Inpatient Psychiatric Unit
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“Pharmacological treatments for NSSI have included SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), SNRIs (serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), atypical antipsychotics, opioids, and opioid antagonists (Bresin & Gordon, 2013; Norelli, Smith, Sher, & Blackwood, 2013; Turner et al., 2014).”
BackgroundInfluential
Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) Patterns in Adolescents from a Romanian Child Psychiatry Inpatient Clinic
Andrei, L., Efrim-Budisteanu, M., Mihailescu, I., Buică, A., Moise, M., & Rad, F. (2024) · Children · doi:10.3390/children11030297 · Cited by 21
“Integrated treatments that target both NSSI and co-occurring psychiatric disorders, such as dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) or cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), may be particularly effective in reducing self-harm behaviours and improving overall mental health outcomes [37–39].”
Background
Multimodal assessment of sustained threat in adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury
Başgöze, Z., Mirza, S. A., Silamongkol, T., Hill, D. C., Falke, C. A., Thai, M., Schreiner, M. W., Parenteau, A. M., Roediger, D. J., Hendrickson, T. J., et al. (2021) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579421000754 · Cited by 28
‘Why is it so different now I’m bisexual?’: young bisexual people’s experiences of identity, belonging, self-injury, and COVID19
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“, 2016), Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (Turner et al., 2014) and emotion-regulation group therapy (Turner et al.”
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Experiences of an Online Treatment for Adolescents With Nonsuicidal Self-injury and Their Caregivers: Qualitative Study
Simonsson, O., Engberg, H., Bjureberg, J., Ljótsson, B., Stensils, J., Sahlin, H., & Hellner, C. (2021) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/17910 · Cited by 32
“A total of 2 interview guides, 1 for the adolescents and 1 for the caregivers (Multimedia Appendices 1 and 2), were developed based on previous research (ie, on structure [49] and content [25,26,37,40]) and clinical experience and reviewed by the authors.”
BackgroundMethodResult
Extreme challenges: psychiatric inpatients with severe self-harming behavior in Norway: a national screening investigation
Holth, F., Walby, F. A., Røstbakken, T., Lunde, I., Ringen, P. A., Ramleth, R., Romm, K. L., Tveit, T., Torgersen, T., Urnes, Ø., et al. (2018) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2018.1511751 · Cited by 23
A Theoretical Endogenous Opioid Neurobiological Framework for Co-occurring Pain, Trauma, and Non-suicidal Self-injury
Johnson, B. N., McKernan, L. C., & Bruehl, S. P. (2022) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-022-01043-9 · Cited by 26
Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Among Incarcerated Adolescents: Prevalence, Personality, and Psychiatric Comorbidity
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Relations Between Nonsuicidal Self-Injury and Suicide Attempt Characteristics in a Sample of Recent Suicide Attempters
Ward‐Ciesielski, E. F., Schumacher, J. A., & Bagge, C. L. (2016) · Crisis · doi:10.1027/0227-5910/a000400 · Cited by 18
Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) With Self-Injurious Behavior Show Less Behavioral Anxiety During the Human Intruder Test
Peterson, E. J., Worlein, J., Lee, G. H., Dettmer, A., Varner, E., & Novak, M. A. (2016) · American Journal of Primatology · doi:10.1002/ajp.22569 · Cited by 19
“…similar responses to treatment, for example, some efficacy with fluoxetine [Fontenot et al., 2009] and naltrexone [Kempf et al., 2012] in rhesus monkeys along with a meta-analysis of research on humans suggesting treatment efficacy with SSRIs, and naltrexone [see Turner et al., 2014 for a review].”
Background
Impulse control difficulties while distressed: A facet of emotion dysregulation links to Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among psychiatric inpatients at military treatment facilities
Baer, M. M., LaCroix, J. M., Browne, J. C., Hassen, H. O., Perera, K. U., Soumoff, A., Weaver, J., & Ghahramanlou-Holloway, M. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.082 · Cited by 18
Psychotropic drugs for the treatment of non-suicidal self-injury in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Eggart, V., Cordier, S., Hasan, A., & Wagner, E. M. (2022) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-022-01385-w · Cited by 26
“Previous reviews evaluating treatment options of self-injurious behavior included either SH in adults and adolescents [22, 23] or NSSI in adolescents [24, 25] and reported the absence of evidence for effective pharmacological interventions to improve SH or NSSI.”
Background
Straight to the Source: e-Communities for Nonsuicidal Self-Injury and the Emerging Case for Harm Reduction in the Treatment of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
Lindquist, E. G., & West, A. E. (2021) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/21677026211049367 · Cited by 18
Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Russian Patients with Suicidal Ideation
Зинчук, М. С., Beghi, M., Beghi, E., Bianchi, E., Аведисова, А. С., Yakovlev, A. A., & Guekht, A. B. (2020) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811118.2020.1833801 · Cited by 21
Clozapine Reduces Self-Injurious Behavior in a State Prison Population.
Zarzar, T. R., Catlett, T. L., O'Connell, M. G., Harrelson, B. H., Wilson, V. P., Rashad, G. N., Morris, D. B., Williams, J. B., Peebles, S. S., & Sheitman, B. (2019) · PubMed · doi:10.29158/jaapl.003818-19 · Cited by 13
“Two recent reviews show limited effectiveness of pharmacological management of SIB in adults in non-correctional settings; however, these reviews relied exclusively on randomized trials and did not include clozapine.(13,14) Clozapine is a second-generation antipsychotic medication with demonstrated effectiveness for t…”
Background
Functions of Nonsuicidal Self‐Injury Are Differentially Associated with Suicide Ideation and Past Attempts among Childhood Trauma Survivors
Roley‐Roberts, M. E., Zielinski, M. J., Hurtado, G., Hovey, J. D., & Elhai, J. D. (2016) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1111/sltb.12306 · Cited by 15
Neural mechanisms and neuromodulation therapies for non-suicidal self-injury
Wu, D., Wang, S., Wang, H., Zhang, J., & Tian, Y. (2025) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-025-03125-7 · Cited by 18
“Current treatment approaches primarily involve pharmacotherapy [8, 9] and psychotherapy [10 – 12], but their ef ﬁ cacy is limited, and effective, targeted treatments are lacking.”
Comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychotherapeutic, pharmacological, and combination treatments for non-suicidal self-injury in children and adolescents: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
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Hasking, P. A., Lewis, S. P., & Tonta, K. E. (2023) · Counselling Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1080/09515070.2023.2225045 · Cited by 18
“Here, dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) may help given its use for NSSI more generally and its utility in fostering distress tolerance and coping with emotional pain (Turner, Austin, & Chapman, 2014).”
Abnormal brain spontaneous activity in major depressive disorder adolescents with non-suicidal self injury and its changes after sertraline therapy
Dai, L., Zhang, X., Yu, R.-Q., Wang, X., Deng, F., Li, X., & Kuang, L. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1177227 · Cited by 16
“There remains a paucity of wellcontrolled studies investigating treatment efficacy of NSSI (16).”
Background
Educational stakeholders’ attitudes and knowledge about nonsuicidal self-injury among university students: A cross-national study
Hamza, C. A., Robinson, K., Hasking, P. A., Heath, N. L., Lewis, S. P., Lloyd‐Richardson, E. E., Whitlock, J. L., & Wilson, M. (2021) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2021.1961782 · Cited by 22
“24,25 Should this training be unavailable, hosting professional development workshops or related opportunities for campus mental health professionals may be needed.”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Moderators of Treatment Response to an Intervention for Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Young Adults
Andover, M. S., Schatten, H. T., Holman, C. S., & Miller, I. (2020) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000603 · Cited by 16
“Interventions demonstrating a decrease in NSSI have been identified among adolescents and adults (e.g., Glenn, Esposito, Porter, & Robinson, 2019; Turner et al., 2014), including dialectical behavior therapy (DBT; e.”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Self-Injury as an Addictive Disorder.
Worley, J. A. (2020) · Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services · doi:10.3928/02793695-20200513-03 · Cited by 16
The Development of a Measure to Assess Social Reactions to Self-Injury Disclosure
Ammerman, B. A., & McCloskey, M. S. (2020) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191120903081 · Cited by 19
“When identified, NSSI can be reduced through psychological and pharmacological interventions (Andover et al., 2017; Bentley et al., 2017; Cook & Gorraiz, 2016; Turner et al., 2014).”
Background
Pilot service evaluation of a brief psychological therapy for self‐harm in an emergency department: Hospital Outpatient Psychotherapy Engagement Service
Taylor, P. J., Fien, K., Mulholland, H., Duarte, R. V., Dickson, J. M., & Kullu, C. (2020) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12277 · Cited by 18
“Whilst clinical trials support the efficacy of a number of psychological therapies for self-harm (Hawton et al., 2017; Hetrick et al., 2016; Turner et al., 2014), work is still needed to determine which approaches might be most effective and in which settings.”
Background
Study of Risk Factors Associated with Suicide Attempt in Patients with Bipolar Disorder Type I
Subramanian, K., Menon, V., Sarkar, S., Chandrasekaran, V., & Selvakumar, N. (2020) · Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice · doi:10.1055/s-0040-1709347 · Cited by 15
Examining the role of borderline personality traits in the relationship between major depression and nonsuicidal self-injury
Peters, E. M., John, A. M., Baetz, M., & Balbuena, L. (2018) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.07.008 · Cited by 18
Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Elevates Suicide Risk among United States Military Personnel with Lifetime Attempted Suicide
Baer, M. M., LaCroix, J. M., Browne, J. C., Hassen, H. O., Perera, K. U., Weaver, J. J., Soumoff, A. A., & Ghahramanlou‐Holloway, M. (2017) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811118.2017.1358225 · Cited by 19
Molecular Pathways, Neural Circuits and Emerging Therapies for Self-Injurious Behaviour
Zhang, K., Ibrahim, G. M., & Gouveia, F. V. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26051938 · Cited by 15
“These approaches are best implemented in a family-based setting, where caregivers are trained to identify triggers and implement consistent behavioural strategies that mitigate SIB [86,187,190].”
Influential
Negative stance towards treatment in psychosocial assessments: The role of personalised recommendations in promoting acceptance.
Bergen, C., & McCabe, R. (2021) · Social Science & Medicine (1967) · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114082 · Cited by 14
Functions of nonsuicidal self-injurious behavior in Russian patients with suicidal ideation
Зинчук, М. С., Kustov, G., Popova, S. B., Mishin, I., Voinova, N., Gersamija, A., Yakovlev, A. A., & Guekht, A. B. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1270944 · Cited by 10
Enhanced reactive inhibition in adolescents with non‐suicidal self‐injury disorder
Mirabella, G., Mancini, C. M., Pacifici, S., Guerrini, D., & Terrinoni, A. (2023) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/dmcn.15794 · Cited by 15
Internet based intervention (Emotion Regulation Individual Therapy for Adolescents) as add‐on to treatment as usual versus treatment as usual for non‐suicidal self‐injury in adolescent outpatients: The TEENS randomised feasibility trial
Morthorst, B. R., Olsen, M. H., Jakobsen, J. C., Lindschou, J., Gluud, C. N., Heinrichsen, M., Møhl, B., Rubæk, L., Ojala, O., Hellner, C., et al. (2022) · JCPP Advances · doi:10.1002/jcv2.12115 · Cited by 11
“There is a lack of large‐scale NSSI intervention trials (Turner et al., 2014).”
Background
Non‐Suicidal Self‐Injury in Adolescents: A Systematic Review on Prevention and Intervention Programmes
Colet, I. E., Casadó‐Marín, L., Orós‐Navas, L., & Torner, R. D. R. (2025) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1111/jcap.70039 · Cited by 11
“These findings are consistent with a systematic review by Turner et al. (2014), which highlights the efficacy of various structured therapies focused on emotional regulation and enhancing coping skills in reducing NSSI.”
Intermittent theta burst stimulation for non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents with major depressive disorder: a randomized, sham-controlled trial
Qin, Y., Chen, H.-Y., Liu, F., Zou, T.-X., Jin, K., Teng, Z.-W., Liu, J.-Y., Yuan, H., Yang, J., Huang, C., et al. (2025) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-025-03183-x · Cited by 12
Frequency and predictors of individual treatment outcomes (response, remission, exacerbation, and relapse) in clinical adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury
Reichl, C., Rockstroh, F., Lerch, S., Fischer-Waldschmidt, G., Koenig, J., & Kaess, M. (2023) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291723001447 · Cited by 12
Nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescents: current developments to help inform assessment and treatment
Pluhar, E., Lois, R., & Burton, E. T. (2018) · Current Opinion in Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/mop.0000000000000655 · Cited by 21
Treating Adolescent Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: A Review of Psychosocial Interventions to Guide Clinical Practice
Flaherty, H. B. (2017) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10560-017-0505-5 · Cited by 19
“This review reflects the finding of other notable reviews (Ougrin et al., 2012, 2015; Turner et al., 2014; Brent et al., 2013; Kerr et al., 2010; Townsend et al., 2001) that conclude that at this time there very few published randomized control trial (RCT) of therapeutic interventions (TI) that…”
Relations Between Past‐Week Physical Activity and Recent Nonsuicidal Self‐Injury in Treatment‐Seeking Psychiatric Adults
Steele, S. J., Hearon, B. A., Batejan, K. L., Gironde, S., & Björgvinsson, Þ. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22342 · Cited by 11
Joint effect of emotion regulation and impulsivity on identifying adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury
Zhou, H., Tang, Y., Li-juan, S., Wang, S., Guo, J., Xiao, J., Yan, C., & Gong, J. (2025) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.10.042 · Cited by 9
A systematic review and meta‐ethnography exploring personal perspectives of recovery among those with lived experience of non‐suicidal self‐injury
Hudson, E. M., Hemmings, B., Hartley, S., & Taylor, P. J. (2024) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12552 · Cited by 11
The Relational Approach to Treating Self-Harm (RELATE): study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial study of cognitive analytic therapy for adults who self-harm versus treatment at usual
Taylor, P. J., Adeyemi, I., Marlow, K., Cottam, S., Airnes, Z., Hartley, S., Howells, V., Dunn, B. D., Elliott, R. A., Hann, M., et al. (2024) · Pilot and Feasibility Studies · doi:10.1186/s40814-024-01526-z · Cited by 13
“Whilst some systematic reviews suggest preliminary support for talking therapies [19, 20], other reviews have highlighted a lack of promising interventions [21].”
The functions of binge eating scale (FBES): Development and preliminary psychometric validation
O’Loghlen, E., Galligan, R. F., & Grant, S. (2023) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2023.106479 · Cited by 12
“, the use of evidence-based treatments such as dialectical behavioural therapy to treat binge eating as a form of self-punishment or non-suicidal self-injury (Turner et al., 2014), or modified substance use interventions (e.”
Potential Transdiagnostic Lipid Mediators of Inflammatory Activity in Individuals With Serious Mental Illness
Hylén, U., McGlinchey, A. J., Orešič, M., Bejerot, S., Humble, M. B., Särndahl, E., Hyötyläinen, T., & Eklund, D. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.778325 · Cited by 15
Emotional Pain Mediates the Link Between Preoccupied Attachment and Non-suicidal Self-Injury in High Suicide Risk Psychiatric Inpatients
Molaie, A. M., Chiu, C.-Y., Habib, Z., Galynker, I., Briggs, J., Rosenfield, P. J., Calati, R., & Yaseen, Z. S. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00289 · Cited by 11
“Future studies should explore possible treatment approaches that can modulate opioid system function in patients with NSSI (Turner et al., 2014).”
Background
Childhood maltreatment and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese college students: The moderating roles of social phobia and perceived family economic status
Yu, W., Li, S., Xiao, W., Li, X., Wang, R., Liu, J., Zhang, S., & Wan, Y. (2023) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106113 · Cited by 10
Correlates of disclosure of non-suicidal self-injury amongst Australian university students
Mirichlis, S., Hasking, P. A., Lewis, S. P., & Boyes, M. (2022) · Journal of Public Mental Health · doi:10.1108/jpmh-07-2021-0089 · Cited by 10
The relationship between alexithymia and self-harm: The mediating role of mindfulness
Norman, H., Marzano, L., Oskis, A., & Coulson, M. (2021) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-01553-6 · Cited by 12
“Whilst a systematic review indicated tentatively promising results for DBT in treating self-harm (Turner et al., 2014), little research has been conducted to identify the types of people engaging in self-harm for whom mindfulness training would be most beneficial.”
Identifying Suicide and Self-Harm Research Priorities in North West England
Saini, P., Clements, C., Gardner, K. J., Chopra, J., Latham, C., Kumar, R., & Taylor, P. J. (2021) · Crisis · doi:10.1027/0227-5910/a000757 · Cited by 10
A feasibility study highlighting challenges in evaluating a structured, psychological treatment for self-harm in adult psychiatric inpatient settings
Fife, S., Blumenfeld, F., Williams, C., & Wood, L. (2019) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112609 · Cited by 11
Non-suicidal self-injury: clinical presentation, assessment and management
Dhingra, K., & Ali, P. A. (2016) · Nursing Standard · doi:10.7748/ns.2016.e10301 · Cited by 14
“However, the most promising psychological approaches include dialectical behaviour therapy, emotion-regulation group therapy, manual-assisted cognitive therapy and dynamic deconstructive psychotherapy (Turner et al 2014).”
BackgroundInfluential
Resilience revisited: a systematic review and synthesis of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) and its relation with resilience
Weedage, D., Kool-Goudzwaard, N., Meijnckens, D., Vermeiren, R. R. J. M., & Boonmann, C. (2025) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-025-06868-3 · Cited by 16
“Although there is no gold standard for the treatment of self-injury, several interventions have shown promise in reducing or stopping NSSI [12, 94].”

Authors: Turner, B. J., Austin, S. B., & Chapman, A. L.
Affiliations: Simon Fraser University (CA)
Corresponding author: Turner, Brianna J
ORCID: Turner, Brianna J
Chapman, Alexander L
Venue: The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2014-11
Volume: 59
Issue: 11
Pages: 576-585
ISSN: 0706-7437 (ISSN-L)
1497-0015
DOI: 10.1177/070674371405901103
PMC: PMC4244876
OpenAlex: W2226199416
Cited by: 259
References: 109
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1
FWCI: 1.81
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: American Psychological Association
Michael Smith Health Research BC
Health Canada
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords: non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal self-injury, psychological intervention, pharmacotherapy, dialectical behavior therapy, atypical antipsychotics, aripiprazole, naltrexone, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, cognitive behavioral therapy, treatment efficacy
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Borderline Personality Disorder, Combined Modality Therapy, Humans, Psychotherapy, Psychotherapy, Group, Psychotropic Drugs, Suicide, Attempted, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Self-Injurious Behavior, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Young Adult, Theory of Mind

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Treating Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: A Systematic Review of Psychological and Pharmacological Interventions

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