Caudate nucleus volume asymmetry predicts attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology in children
Abstract
Clinical diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is based on evaluation of behavioral functioning in three domains: inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Caudate and frontal lobe function figures prominently in several neuroanatomic models of attentional functioning. Studies comparing children with and without ADHD have found differences in the size and symmetry of the caudate nuclei. Using multiple regression, we tested the hypothesis that caudate volume symmetry (log left minus log right caudate volume) measured from serial sagittal magnetic resonance images in a sample of nonreferred children (12 girls/15 boys, 7.0 to 16.6 years, 81 to 129 IQ) would predict the cumulative severity of parent-reported ADHD diagnostic behaviors beyond variance predicted by age, sex, and level of internalizing problems as measured by the Child Behavior Checklist. No child had been previously diagnosed with ADHD, although one child was found to meet diagnostic criteria based on the rating scale used for the study. The degree of caudate asymmetry significantly predicted cumulative severity ratings of inattentive behaviors (P = .015), uniquely accounting for 17.1% of the variance in inattention symptomatology over demographic variables and internalizing problems, which collectively predicted 28.9% of the variance. Caudate asymmetry uniquely accounted for only 4.3% of the variance in cumulative severity ratings of hyperactive/impulsive symptomatology over demographic variables and internalizing problems that collectively predicted 21.2% of the variance. A greater degree of right to left caudate volume asymmetry predicted subclinical inattentive behaviors in a sample of nonreferred children. This finding is congruent with neuroanatomic models of attention emphasizing lateralized alteration in prefrontal/striatal systems. The results support the view that clinical ADHD is the extreme of a behavioral continuum that extends into the normal population.
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Previous evidence implicates the left caudate in inattentiveness in patients with ADHD and in healthy subjects.
“This result is consistent with previous evidence implicating the left caudate in inattentiveness, not only in patients with ADHD, but also in healthy subjects (Schrimsher et al., 2002; Volkow et al., 2007a, b, 2009) and is also congruent with reports that lesions in the left caudate produce attentional deficits (Benke et al., 2003).”
From A positron emission tomography study of nigro-striatal dopaminergic mechanisms underlying attention: implications for ADHD and its treatment (2013) · cites this paper as Schrimsher et al., 2002
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- Authors
- Schrimsher, G. W., Billingsley, R. L., Jackson, E. F., & Moore, B. D.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Child Neurology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2002-12
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 877-884
- ISSN
- 0883-0738 (ISSN-L)
- 1708-8283
- OpenAlex
- W2090922779
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Child Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ns031950-08)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01 NS 31950)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, caudate nucleus, inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, ADHD symptom severity, internalizing problems, children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Caudate Nucleus, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Female, Humans, Functional Laterality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Regression Analysis, Severity of Illness Index, Case-Control Studies
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