Measuring Patients’ Trust in their Primary Care Providers
Open accessAbstract
Existing scales to measure trust in physicians have differing content and limited testing. To improve on these measures, a large item pool (n = 78) was generated following a detailed conceptual model and expert review. After pilot testing, the best-performing items were validated with a random national sample (n = 9) and a regional sample of HMO members (n = 99). Various psychometric tests produced a 10-item unidimensional scale consistent with most aspects of the conceptual model.Compared with previous scales, the Wake Forest physician trust scale has a somewhat improved combination of internal consistency, variability, and discriminability. The scale is more strongly correlated with satisfaction, desire to remain with a physician, willingness to recommend to friends, and not seeking second opinions; it is less correlated with insurer trust, membership in managed care, and choice of physician; and correlations are equivalent with lack of disputes, length of relationship, and number of visits.
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Lower preparedness for decision-making was associated with higher decisional conflict (OR 0.846, 95% CI 0.721-0.992, p=0.039).
“Lower preparedness for decision-making was also associated with higher decisional conflict, consistent with prior ICU studies28.”
From Decisional conflict among Chinese family caregivers prior to ECMO initiation: a cross-sectional study (2025) · cites this paper as [28]
Trust in physicians was measured using the WFPTS developed by Hall et al. and validated in Chinese by Dong Enhong et al.; in this study Cronbach's α = 0.812.
“Trust in physicians was measured using the WFPTS developed by Hall et al.28 and validated in Chinese by Dong Enhong et al.29.”
From Decisional conflict among Chinese family caregivers prior to ECMO initiation: a cross-sectional study (2025) · cites this paper as Hall et al.28
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- Authors
- Hall, M. A., Zheng, B., Dugan, E., Camacho, F., Kidd, K. E., Mishra, A., & Balkrishnan, R.
- Affiliations
- Wake Forest University (US)
- Genentech (US)
- New England Research Institutes (US)
- Venue
- Medical Care Research and Review
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2002-09
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 293-318
- ISSN
- 1077-5587 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-6801
- OpenAlex
- W2023580352
- Cited by
- 661
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 18.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Medical Care Research and Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- SSRN Electronic Journal (submittedVersion)
- DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Patient Satisfaction in Healthcare
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- patient trust, trust in physicians, primary care, psychometric validation, patient satisfaction, physician recommendations, managed care, physician-patient relationship
- MeSH terms
- Clinical Competence, Confidentiality, Health Maintenance Organizations, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Patients, Physician-Patient Relations, Physicians, Family, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States, Patient Satisfaction, Focus Groups
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