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Cited by 4,786Health disparities and outcomesRacial and Ethnic Identity ResearchGender, Health, and Social Inequality

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 69 of the 69 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Racial Differences in Physical and Mental Health: Socio-economic Status, Stress and Discrimination

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Williams, David R., Yan Yu, Jackson, James S., Anderson, Norman B.·1997·Journal of Health Psychology
DOI 10.1177/135910539700200305
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Abstract

This article examines the extent to which racial differences in socio-economic status (SES), social class and acute and chronic indicators of perceived discrimination, as well as general measures of stress can account for black-white differences in self-reported measures of physical and mental health. The observed racial differences in health were markedly reduced when adjusted for education and especially income. However, both perceived discrimination and more traditional measures of stress are related to health and play an incremental role in accounting for differences between the races in health status. These findings underscore the need for research efforts to identify the complex ways in which economic and non-economic forms of discrimination relate to each other and combine with socio-economic position and other risk factors and resources to affect health.

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Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 14

  1. Anderson, N.B., 1991, Ethnicity and Disease, 1, 154
  2. Geronimus, A.T., 1992, Ethnicity and Disease, 2, 207
  3. Gould, S.J. (1977). Why we should not name human races: A biological view. In S. J. Gould (Ed.), Ever since Darwin (pp. 231-236). New York: Norton.
  4. Jackson, J.S., 1996, Ethnicity and Disease, 6, 132
  5. Jackson, J.S., Racial discrimination, stress, action orientation and physical and psychological health
  6. Kessler, R.C., 1994, Scoring the UM-CIDI short forms
  7. Kessler, R.C., 1995, Medical Care, 33, AS109
  8. McNeilly, M.D., 1996, Ethnicity and Disease, 6, 154
  9. Williams, D.R., 1996, Ethnicity and Disease, 6, 1
  10. Williams, D.R., Annals of Epidemiology
  11. Williams, D.R., Racism and health
  12. Williams, D.R., 1991, Stress, social support, control and coping: A social epidemiologic view
  13. Williams, D.R., 1994, Public Health Reports, 109, 26
  14. Wright, E.O., 1985, Classes

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Metadata

Authors
Williams, D. R., Yu, Y., Jackson, J. S., & Anderson, N. B.
Affiliations
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Health Psychology
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
1997-07
Volume
2
Issue
3
Pages
335-351
ISSN
  • 1359-1053 (ISSN-L)
  • 1461-7277
DOI
10.1177/135910539700200305
OpenAlex
W2132406025
Cited by
4,786
References
69
Citations by year
2026: 346 · 2025: 442 · 2024: 425 · 2023: 338 · 2022: 399 · 2021: 356 · 2020: 278 · 2019: 290 · 2018: 227 · 2017: 224 · 2016: 188 · 2015: 150 · 2014: 145 · 2013: 125 · 2012: 128
FWCI
19.08
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Health Psychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
  • University Libraries (University of Maryland) (submittedVersion)
  • Digital Repository at the University of Maryland (University of Maryland College Park)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Gender, Health, and Social Inequality
Keywords
racial differences in health, Black-White health disparities, perceived discrimination, socioeconomic status, social class, stress, income, physical health, mental health, self-reported health

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