Consumption and Theories of Practice

“The analysis of socio-cultural determinants of meal structures, days, and dietary patterns enriches the approach in terms of individual dominant decision-making in the field of nutrition and health (Fischler, 1990; Warde, 2005; Poulain, 2017).”

“Practice theory has become an established means of avoiding methodologically individualist accounts of ‘the consumer’, focusing instead on consumption as a moment in practice (Warde, 2005).”

“Integrative practices (Schatzki 1996; Warde 2005) have been studied in the CCT literature through, for example, explorations of how the stigmatized practice of veiling became fashionable over time (Sandikci and Ger 2010) and how the purification of the surfing practice helps to maintain the…”

“Similarly to Warde’s observation on consumption (Warde, 2005), which is “not itself a practice but rather a moment in every practice” (p. 137), it is possible that advocacy practices are not always practices themselves, rather moments or actions embedded in other practices.”

“Although the routine nature of social practices is achieved through their repetitive enactment, this does not mean that they cannot change over time (Warde, 2005).”

“These acts also embed consumption (Warde, 2005).”

“…way materials, competences and meanings emerge as stable and socially shared configurations, as it has been done in recent years by analysing a variety of notable cases: from sport (Shove and Pantzar, 2005) to consumption (Warde, 2005) and from photography (Hand, 2012) to music (Magaudda, 2011).”

“The theoretical lenses examined are practice theory (Reckwitz, 2002; Sørensen and Bærenholdt, 2020; Warde, 2005), network theory (Baggio and Fuchs, 2018; Fuchs and Baggio, 2017), complexity theory (Farsari, 2023; Farsari et al., 2011) and the spatial and mobilities turn in social sciences (Massey,…”

“Food resource sharing of abundant “material and competences”, based on our study, is a dispersed practice [ 32 , 111 ] that can be seen as an important food related practice, as in growing, harvesting, processing, storing, cooking, and recycling.”

“Rather, the focus is on shared and repeated forms of behaviour – practices – in which consumption take part as ‘moments’ (Warde 2005).”

“Practice-oriented research may therefore also consider how individuals position themselves within practices, how people understand practices and their roles within those practices (Warde 2005, 149).”

“With practices and multiple bundles of practices that together make up everyday life, agency is distributed across elements rather than centred upon the persons behaviour in performing the practice, and (carbon) consumption is repositioned as a ‘moment’ in practice (Warde, 2005).”

“(Shove, Pantzar, and Watson 2012; Reckwitz 2002; Warde 2005).”

“…of consumption research has largely moved toward the study of everyday, mundane forms of consumption, such as the routine and non-representational forms of provisioning and the preparation of food, often inspired by practice theory (cf. Lury 1996; Miller 1998; Shove 2003; Warde 2005; Evans 2019).”

“Accepting that practice theories form a rather heterogeneous field (cf. Warde, 2005), it is nevertheless possible to detect certain trends concerning the treatment of culture.”

“…and symbolically, it now pays closer attention to what consumption can tell us about social and cultural relations (Hurdley, 2013; Waight and Boyer, 2018) on the premise that consumption is not a practice enacted in a vacuum, but rather a moment of almost every other practice (Warde, 2005).”

“Given the lack of heating upstairs, the bedrooms in particular were described as being much cooler than the main living areas Here, Peter discusses how he views thermal variation as being superior to solutions that deliver conditions of what Chappelles and Shove term ‘thermal monotony’ (2005).”

“Consequently, consumption is not a practice but a “ moment in almost every practice ” , emphasising the relationships between materials, societal arrangements, politics and norms, infrastructures, and available services in shaping and constraining consumption patterns (Warde 2005, p. 137).”

“Questions such as how energy use is tied with interconnected everyday practices and related gender and power dynamics and infrastructures come to fore (Shove & Walker, 2014; Warde, 2005).”

“Flying has clear ‘practical’ dimensions: First, while air-travel can be defined as an integrative practice in its own right, with its own sets of ‘understandings, know-how and teleo-affective structures’ (Warde 2005: 150), it importantly forms part of and connects a wide range of other practices.”

“Consumption satisfies the needs of people, which in turn are fulfilled by purchasing and consuming goods and services, such as eating food, travelling, housing, and cleaning clothes [25].”

“As opposed to socio-psychology approaches to understanding users, in SPT the practice is the unit of analysis, rather than the individual and their beliefs (Reckwitz, 2002; Røpke, 2009; Shove et al., 2012; Warde, 2005).”

“From a practice perspective, consumption is approached as ‘moments’ in larger social patterns of behaviour, and the outcome of habits and often tacit knowledge rather than as the outcome of fully rational calculations and decisions (Warde, 2005).”

“SPT approaches depart from technologised and individualised perspectives to focus on understanding how social practices, understood as socially recognisable and widely performed ways of doing, emerge, persist and disappear [13, 22].”

“As some sort of material base is crucial in all social practices, which we also consider to be actual physical entities rather than just symbols (Warde, 2005; Shove, 2017), we are able to address consumption by analyzing the materials that are being transformed into waste by utilizing them as part of the participation…”

“However, not all consumption practices are visible; most consumption is inconspicuous and embedded in practice performance [75].”

“In this regard, practices carry with them the “seeds of constant change” (Warde, 2005, p. 140).”

“In Social practice theory, "things" are not only discourses of symbolic meaning or identity (Shove & Pantzar, 2005; Warde, 2005), but also directly participate in the behavior and reproduction of everyday life (Shove & Pantzar, 2005).”

“However, practices are ‘not uniform planes upon which agents participate in identical ways’ (Warde, 2005, p. 138), and a few children talked about the constraining role that the enactment of friendship could have on the enactment of the running practice.”

“…the interaction of different practice elements, such as body, mind, material objects, knowledge, discourse, structure/process, and the agent (Reckwitz 2002); materials, meanings, and competencies (Shove and Pantzar 2005); or interactions among understanding, procedures, and engagement (Warde 2005).”

“Hence, resource integration on a gastronomic trail can be discussed as involving five types of integrative practices (Schatzki 1996; Warde 2005): ‘Theme-oriented’ cultural consumption practices, ‘journeying/movement’ practices, ‘collaboration’ practices, and ‘exchange’ practices, as further described in Figure 20.”

“Further, social practice theories are not fixed but are subject to change and transformation (22).”

“Whilst the development of practices could lead to behavioural change (Warde, 2005), SPT is useful to analyse changes in sustainable mobility and connections to broader social practice (Cairns et al., 2014; Lamers et al., 2017; Sarrica et al., 2019), although it has context-bounded limitations…”

“(2012) and by Warde (2005).”

“Warde [21]:145 similarly argues that energy “ consumption occurs within and for the sake of practices.”

“Theories of practice have gained interest among social researchers in conceptualizing and explaining the way living and consuming are socially and temporally organized (Reckwitz, 2002; Schatzki, 2002; Warde, 2005; Nicolini, 2009; Shove et al., 2009; Blue, 2019).”

“To navigate their online dating experiences, consumers engaged in a range of practices, or routinised types of behaviour (Reckwitz, 2002; Warde, 2005), that they refined in the course of their use of online dating apps, with past experiences helping to shape future strategies for maximising consumption value”

“Individuals are also crucial to the performance and continuity of a practice and key for changes in practice by adapting, improvising, and experimenting in changing circumstances of everyday life [15].”

“Individual subjectivity is seen to arise from participation in practices, not vice versa, as with the concept of ‘involvement’ in the consumer behaviour literature (Halkier et al., 2011; Shove, 2003; Shove and Pantzar, 2005; Warde, 2005).”

“Individuals are conceptualised as carriers of the practice who facilitate the existence of practices through their performances in their everyday lives (Shove et al., 2012; Warde, 2005).”

“Consumption cannot be simply thought of as the amount of physical or material belongs that one acquires and moves with; instead, tourist consumption relies on how individuals move through the world and partake in practices and engagements with their surroundings (Warde, 2005).”

“These interconnected components seen as “practice as entities” (Schatzki, 1996; Shove, Pantzar, & Watson, 2012; Warde, 2005) have a universal meaning but vary and develop in different contexts as people “adapt, improvise and experiment” (Warde, 2005, p. 41); they are enacted and carried by…”

““ It is the fact of engagement in the practice, rather than any personal decision about a course of conduct, that explains the nature and process of consumption ” (Warde 2005, 138).”

“The logic that practices have different levels of structuration is already common in the work of Warde (2005) and has since been used explicitly in several crossover studies (e.g. Watson 2012, Little et al .”

“Schatzki (1996) and Warde (2005) described the composition of social practice as something that involves not only practical activity but also representations.”

“While contributions from practice theory (Gronow, 2008; Jones and Murphy, 2011; Pink, 2012; Shove et al., 2012; Warde, 2005) were helpful in the treatment of policy questions, we see real value in theorising a relational sociology of retrofit, with our argu-ment organised as follows.”

“The practice theoretical perspective has become in fl uential in empirical studies of consumption (Evans, 2019) because of its focus on social processes and its understanding of consumption as a result of a multiplicity of overlapping practices in everyday lives (Shove et al., 2012; Warde, 2005).”