Cited by 538Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentChild and Animal Learning Development

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Developing Mechanisms of Self-Regulation in Early Life

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Rothbart, Mary K., Sheese, Brad E., Rueda, M. Rosario, Posner, Michael I.·2011·Emotion Review

DOI 10.1177/1754073910387943PMC PMC3164871

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Abstract

Children show increasing control of emotions and behavior during their early years. Our studies suggest a shift in control from the brain’s orienting network in infancy to the executive network by the age of 3—4 years. Our longitudinal study indicates that orienting influences both positive and negative affect, as measured by parent report in infancy. At 3—4 years of age, the dominant control of affect rests in a frontal brain network that involves the anterior cingulate gyrus. Connectivity of brain structures also changes from infancy to toddlerhood. Early connectivity of parietal and frontal areas is important in orienting; later connectivity involves midfrontal and anterior cingulate areas related to executive attention and self-regulation.

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“A key aspect of selfregulation is the ability to detect errors, and the anterior cingulate has also been reported to be central to this capacity (Gehring, Goss, Coles, Meyer, & Donchin, 1993; Holroyd & Coles, 2002).”
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“During adulthood there is clear evidence for the parallel operation of orienting and executive networks (Dosenbach et al., 2007).”
Background
Investigations of Temperament at Three to Seven Years: The Children's Behavior Questionnaire
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“However, the connectivity data suggest that the cingulate is not connected to other networks to influence actions until later (Fair et al., 2009).”
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Authors: Rothbart, M. K., Sheese, B. E., Rueda, M. R., & Posner, M. I.
Affiliations: University of Oregon (US)
Illinois Wesleyan University (US)
Universidad de Granada (ES)
Corresponding author: Rothbart, Mary K.
ORCID: Sheese, Brad E.
Rueda, M. Rosario
Posner, Michael I.
Venue: Emotion Review
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2011-04
Volume: 3
Issue: 2
Pages: 207-213
ISSN: 1754-0739 (ISSN-L)
1754-0747
DOI: 10.1177/1754073910387943
PMC: PMC3164871
OpenAlex: W2014863700
Semantic Scholar: 51f0fc5d25fde313cc4e2e13d5557cffe6e53ff6
Cited by: 538
References: 50
Citations by year: 2026: 23 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 55 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 17
FWCI: 12.02
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Emotion Review (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P01HD038051, P01HD060563)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
Keywords: self-regulation, emotion regulation, executive function, orienting network, executive network, anterior cingulate cortex, brain connectivity, infancy, toddlerhood, positive and negative affect, frontoparietal network

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Developing Mechanisms of Self-Regulation in Early Life

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