Cited by 133Probiotics and Fermented FoodsBacterial Genetics and BiotechnologyPolysaccharides Composition and Applications

Impact of 4 Lactobacillus plantarum Capsular Polysaccharide Clusters on Surface Glycan Composition and Host Cell Signaling

Open access
Remus, Daniela M, van Kranenburg, Richard, van Swam, Iris I, Taverne, Nico, Bongers, Roger S, Wels, Michiel, Wells, Jerry M, Bron, Peter A +1 more·2012·Microbial Cell Factories

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Bacterial cell surface-associated polysaccharides are involved in the interactions of bacteria with their environment and play an important role in the communication between pathogenic bacteria and their host organisms. Cell surface polysaccharides of probiotic species are far less well described. Therefore, improved knowledge on these molecules is potentially of great importance to understand the strain-specific and proposed beneficial modes of probiotic action. RESULTS: The Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 genome encodes 4 clusters of genes that are associated with surface polysaccharide production. Two of these clusters appear to encode all functions required for capsular polysaccharide formation (cps2A-J and cps4A-J), while the remaining clusters are predicted to lack genes encoding chain-length control functions and a priming glycosyl-transferase (cps1A-I and cps3A-J). We constructed L. plantarum WCFS1 gene deletion mutants that lack individual (Δcps1A-I, Δcps2A-J, Δcps3A-J and Δcps4A-J) or combinations of cps clusters (Δcps1A-3J and Δcps1A-3I, Δcps4A-J) and assessed the genome wide impact of these mutations by transcriptome analysis. The cps cluster deletions influenced the expression of variable gene sets in the individual cps cluster mutants, but also considerable numbers of up- and down-regulated genes were shared between mutants in cps cluster 1 and 2, as well as between mutant in cps clusters 3 and 4. Additionally, the composition of overall cell surface polysaccharide fractions was altered in each mutant strain, implying that despite the apparent incompleteness of cps1A-I and cps3A-J, all clusters are active and functional in L. plantarum. The Δcps1A-I strain produced surface polysaccharides in equal amounts as compared to the wild-type strain, while the polysaccharides were characterized by a reduced molar mass and the lack of rhamnose. The mutants that lacked functional copies of cps2A-J, cps3A-J or cps4A-J produced decreased levels of surface polysaccharides, whereas the molar mass and the composition of polysaccharides was not affected by these cluster mutations. In the quadruple mutant, the amount of surface polysaccharides was strongly reduced. The impact of the cps cluster mutations on toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated human nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation in host cells was evaluated using a TLR2 reporter cell line. In comparison to a L. plantarum wild-type derivative, TLR2 activation remained unaffected by the Δcps1A-I and Δcps3A-J mutants but appeared slightly increased after stimulation with the Δcps2A-J and Δcps4A-J mutants, while the Δcps1A-3J and Δcps1A-3J, Δcps4A-J mutants elicited the strongest responses and clearly displayed enhanced TLR2 signaling. CONCLUSIONS: Our study reveals that modulation of surface glycan characteristics in L. plantarum highlights the role of these molecules in shielding of cell envelope embedded host receptor ligands. Although the apparently complete cps clusters (cps2A-J and cps4A-J) contributed individually to this shielding, the removal of all cps clusters led to the strongest signaling enhancement. Our findings provide new insights into cell surface glycan biosynthesis in L. plantarum, which bears relevance in the context of host-cell signaling by probiotic bacteria.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1186/1475-2859-11-149

Cites

53 of 53 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The sequenced strain WCFS1 harbours four chromosomal clusters of eps genes; two of them are involved in capsular polysaccharide formation, while cps1A-I and cps3A-J seem to have a regulatory function and encode a priming glycosyl-transferase.

    “For instance, the sequenced strain WCFS1 harbours four chromosomal clusters of eps genes. Two of them (cps2A-J and cps4A-J) are involved in capsular polysaccharide formation, while cps1A-I and cps3A-J seem to have a regulatory function and encode a priming glycosyl-transferase [18].”

    From Lactic Acid Bacteria Exopolysaccharides Producers: A Sustainable Tool for Functional Foods (2021) · cites this paper as [18]

    Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 1 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.

    Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Remus, D. M., van Kranenburg, R., van Swam, I. I., Taverne, N., Bongers, R. S., Wels, M., Wells, J. M., Bron, P. A., & Kleerebezem, M.
Affiliations
TiFN (NL)
Corresponding author
Kleerebezem, Michiel
Venue
Microbial Cell Factories
Published
2012-11-21
Volume
11
Issue
1
Pages
149-149
ISSN
1475-2859 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2097092342
Cited by
131
References
52
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5
FWCI
7.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Microbial Cell Factories (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
Keywords
Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1, capsular polysaccharide, deletion mutants, transcriptome, host cell signaling, NF-κB activation, TLR2, probiotic bacteria, rhamnose, molar mass, host-pathogen interaction
MeSH terms
Bacterial Proteins, Multigene Family, Humans, Mutation, Polysaccharides, Bacterial, Signal Transduction, NF-kappa B, Glycosyltransferases, Gene Deletion, Gene Expression Profiling, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Toll-Like Receptor 2, HEK293 Cells

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review