Endotoxin levels correlate positively with a sedentary lifestyle and negatively with highly trained subjects
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: A sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes. This phenomenon is supported by recent studies suggesting a chronic, low-grade inflammation status. Endotoxin derived from gut flora may be key to the development of inflammation by stimulating the secretion of inflammatory factors. This study aimed to examine plasma inflammatory markers and endotoxin levels in individuals with a sedentary lifestyle and/or in highly trained subjects at rest. METHODS: Fourteen male subjects (sedentary lifestyle n = 7; highly trained subjects n = 7) were recruited. Blood samples were collected after an overnight fast (approximately 12 h). The plasmatic endotoxin, plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP1), ICAM/CD54, VCAM/CD106 and lipid profile levels were determined. RESULTS: Endotoxinemia was lower in the highly trained subject group relative to the sedentary subjects (p < 0.002). In addition, we observed a positive correlation between endotoxin and PAI-1 (r = 0.85, p < 0.0001), endotoxin and total cholesterol (r = 0.65; p < 0.01), endotoxin and LDL-c (r = 0.55; p < 0.049) and endotoxin and TG levels (r = 0.90; p < 0.0001). The plasma levels of MCP-1, ICAM/CD54 and VCAM/CD106 did not differ. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that a lifestyle associated with high-intensity and high-volume exercise induces favorable changes in chronic low-grade inflammation markers and may reduce the risk for diseases such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
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Athletes have lower levels of circulating LPS compared to sedentary individuals.
“In contrast, athletes have been noted to have lower levels of circulating LPS compared to sedentary individuals [70].”
From The athletic gut microbiota (2020) · cites this paper as [70]
Exercise training attenuates inflammation in part by reducing elevated blood LPS.
“Exercise training attenuates inflammation in part by reducing elevated blood LPS [70].”
From The athletic gut microbiota (2020) · cites this paper as [70]
The superior microbial milieu in exercise trained persons may explain lower levels of plasma endotoxin and inflammatory markers (plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1) in active vs sedentary individuals.
“the superior microbial milieu in exercise trained persons may explain lower levels of plasma endotoxin and inflammatory markers (plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1) in active vs sedentary individuals [104].”
From Gut Microbiota Contribute to Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Size, Composition, and Function: Biological Basis for a Gut-Muscle Axis (2018) · cites this paper as [104]
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- Authors
- Lira, F. S., Rosa, J. C., Pimentel, G. D., Souza, H. A., Caperuto, E. C., Carnevali, L. C., Seelaender, M., Damaso, A. R., Oyama, L. M., de Mello, M. T., & Santos, R. V.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (BR)
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Santos, Ronaldo V
- Venue
- Lipids in Health and Disease
- Published
- 2010-08-04
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 82-82
- ISSN
- 1476-511X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2922209
- OpenAlex
- W2147866514
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 4.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Lipids in Health and Disease (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Scientific Electronic Library Online (São Paulo Research Foundation, Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) (publishedVersion)
- Americanae (AECID Library) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (08/03533-1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Keywords
- endotoxemia, sedentary lifestyle, highly trained athletes, low-grade inflammation, gut microbiota, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, MCP-1, lipid profile, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, cardiovascular risk, obesity, diabetes mellitus
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Bicycling, Endotoxins, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia, Lipids, Male, Hypertriglyceridemia, Biomarkers, Exercise, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, Inflammation Mediators, Chemokine CCL2, Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, Endotoxemia, Young Adult, Athletes, Sedentary Behavior
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