Development of a quality assessment tool for systematic reviews of observational studies (QATSO) of HIV prevalence in men having sex with men and associated risk behaviours
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Background: Systematic reviews based on the critical appraisal of observational and analytic studies on HIV prevalence and risk factors for HIV transmission among men having sex with men are very useful for health care decisions and planning. Such appraisal is particularly difficult, however, as the quality assessment tools available for use with observational and analytic studies are poorly established. Methods: We reviewed the existing quality assessment tools for systematic reviews of observational studies and developed a concise quality assessment checklist to help standardise decisions regarding the quality of studies, with careful consideration of issues such as external and internal validity. Results: A pilot version of the checklist was developed based on epidemiological principles, reviews of study designs, and existing checklists for the assessment of observational studies. The Quality Assessment Tool for Systematic Reviews of Observational Studies (QATSO) Score consists of five items: External validity (1 item), reporting (2 items), bias (1 item) and confounding factors (1 item). Expert opinions were sought and it was tested on manuscripts that fulfil the inclusion criteria of a systematic review. Like all assessment scales, QATSO may oversimplify and generalise information yet it is inclusive, simple and practical to use, and allows comparability between papers. Conclusion: A specific tool that allows researchers to appraise and guide study quality of observational studies is developed and can be modified for similar studies in the future.
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The need for complete reporting of all relevant methodological aspects as a prerequisite to assessing the risk of bias of studies was highlighted in 10 articles, and was the focus of recommendations in a publication from the MOOSE group.
“The need for complete reporting of all relevant methodological aspects as a prerequisite to assessing the risk of bias of studies was highlighted in 10 articles, [16, 33, 35, 47, 50, 56, 86, 87, 90, 91] and was the focus of recommendations in a publication from the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) group [12].”
From Methods to systematically review and meta-analyse observational studies: a systematic scoping review of recommendations (2018) · cites this paper as [86]
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- Khan KS Riet G Popay J Nixon J Kleijnen J Conducting the review Study quality assessment
- The Cochrane Collaborative Review Group on HIV Infection and AIDS Editorial Policy: Inclusion and Appraisal of Experimental and Non-experimental (Observational) Studies
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Green, A. C., & Olsen, C. M. (2015) · Acta Dermato Venereologica · doi:10.2340/00015555-2148 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Language proficiency and mental disorders among migrants: A systematic review
Montemitro, C., D’Andrea, G., Cesa, F., Martinotti, G., Pettorruso, M., Giannantonio, M. D., Muratori, R., & Tarricone, I. (2021) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.2224 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Evaluation of robotic and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for small renal tumours ( T 1a)
Froghi, S., Ahmed, K., Khan, M. S., Prokar Dasgupta, A., & Challacombe, B. J. (2013) · British Journal of Urology · doi:10.1111/bju.12053 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Comparing robotic, laparoscopic and open cystectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Fonseka, T., Ahmed, K., Froghi, S., Khan, S., Prokar Dasgupta, A., & Khan, M. S. (2015) · Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia · doi:10.4081/aiua.2015.1.41 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Relationship between prenatal growth, postnatal growth and childhood obesity: a review
Matthews, E. K., Wei, J., & Cunningham, S. A. (2017) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2016.258 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
West, A. L. (2015) · Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment · doi:10.1080/10911359.2014.988321 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Actual and predicted prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in the WHO African Region
Popova, S., Lange, S., Probst, C., Shield, K. D., Kraicer‐Melamed, H., Ferreira‐Borges, C., & Rehm, J. T. (2016) · Tropical Medicine & International Health · doi:10.1111/tmi.12755 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Lange, S., Probst, C., Rehm, J. T., & Popova, S. (2017) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.08.004 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
McGovern, R., Gilvarry, E. A., Addison, M. T., Alderson, H., Geijer‐Simpson, E., Lingam, R., Smart, D., & Kaner, E. (2018) · Trauma Violence & Abuse · doi:10.1177/1524838018772850 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Tarricone, I., Regazzi, M. G., Bonucci, G., Rizzello, F., Carini, G., Muratori, R., Poggioli, G., & Campieri, M. (2017) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.07.001 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Does being overweight impede academic attainment? A systematic review
Caird, J., Kavanagh, J., O’Mara-Eves, A., Oliver, K. A., Oliver, S. R., Stansfield, C., & Thomas, J. (2013) · Health Education Journal · doi:10.1177/0017896913489289 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Eve’s Perfection: Spinoza on Sexual (In)Equality
Sharp, H. (2012) · Journal of the history of philosophy · doi:10.1353/hph.2012.0068 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Testicular Cancer Awareness and Screening Practices: A Systematic Review
Saab, M. M., Landers, M. G., & Hegarty, J. M. (2016) · Oncology nursing forum · doi:10.1188/16.onf.e8-e23 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
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Diala, U. M., Usman, F., Appiah, D., Hassan, L., Ogundele, T., Abdullahi, F., Satrom, K. M., Bakker, C., Lee, B. W., & Slusher, T. M. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12113738 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wong, W. C., Cheung, C. S., & Hart, G. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Mortimer Market Centre (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Wong, William CW
- Venue
- Emerging Themes in Epidemiology
- Published
- 2008-11-17
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 23-23
- ISSN
- 1742-7622 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2603000
- OpenAlex
- W2161763362
- Cited by
- 257
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 0.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Emerging Themes in Epidemiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Open Scholarship Institutional Repository (Washington University in St. Louis) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Keywords
- quality assessment tools, systematic reviews, observational studies, HIV prevalence, men who have sex with men, HIV risk behavior, generalizability, internal validity, reporting quality, bias, confounding, critical appraisal
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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