Microalgal biomass production pathways: evaluation of life cycle environmental impacts
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Microalgae are touted as an attractive alternative to traditional forms of biomass for biofuel production, due to high productivity, ability to be cultivated on marginal lands, and potential to utilize carbon dioxide (CO2) from industrial flue gas. This work examines the fossil energy return on investment (EROIfossil), greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and direct Water Demands (WD) of producing dried algal biomass through the cultivation of microalgae in Open Raceway Ponds (ORP) for 21 geographic locations in the contiguous United States (U.S.). For each location, comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) is performed for multiple microalgal biomass production pathways, consisting of a combination of cultivation and harvesting options. RESULTS: Results indicate that the EROIfossil for microalgae biomass vary from 0.38 to 1.08 with life cycle GHG emissions of -46.2 to 48.9 (g CO2 eq/MJ-biomass) and direct WDs of 20.8 to 38.8 (Liters/MJ-biomass) over the range of scenarios analyzed. Further anaylsis reveals that the EROIfossil for production pathways is relatively location invariant, and that algae's life cycle energy balance and GHG impacts are highly dependent on cultivation and harvesting parameters. Contrarily, algae's direct water demands were found to be highly sensitive to geographic location, and thus may be a constraining factor in sustainable algal-derived biofuel production. Additionally, scenarios with promising EROIfossil and GHG emissions profiles are plagued with high technological uncertainty. CONCLUSIONS: Given the high variability in microalgae's energy and environmental performance, careful evaluation of the algae-to-fuel supply chain is necessary to ensure the long-term sustainability of emerging algal biofuel systems. Alternative production scenarios and technologies may have the potential to reduce the critical demands of biomass production, and should be considered to make algae a viable and more efficient biofuel alternative.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Long-term sustainability considerations, including land use competition and lifecycle environmental impacts, necessitate strategic planning and mitigation measures.
“Long-term sustainability considerations, including land use competition and lifecycle environmental impacts, necessitate strategic planning and mitigation measures [32].”
From A Holistic Approach to Circular Bioeconomy Through the Sustainable Utilization of Microalgal Biomass for Biofuel and Other Value-Added Products (2024) · cites this paper as [32]
Integrating microalgae biofuel production systems into existing energy infrastructure and supply chains presents logistical and technical challenges.
“Integrating microalgae biofuel production systems into existing energy infrastructure and supply chains presents logistical and technical challenges.”
From A Holistic Approach to Circular Bioeconomy Through the Sustainable Utilization of Microalgal Biomass for Biofuel and Other Value-Added Products (2024) · cites this paper as [32]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Chisti, Y. (2007) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2007.02.001 · Cited by 9,524 · see citing works
Second Generation Biofuels: High-Efficiency Microalgae for Biodiesel Production
Schenk, P. M., Thomas‐Hall, S. R., Stephens, E., Marx, U. C., Mussgnug, J. H., Posten, C. H., Kruse, O., & Hankamer, B. D. (2008) · BioEnergy Research · doi:10.1007/s12155-008-9008-8 · Cited by 2,335 · see citing works
Micro-algae as a source of protein
Becker, E. W. (2007) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2006.11.002 · Cited by 2,311 · see citing works
Biodiesel from microalgae beats bioethanol
Chisti, Y. (2008) · Trends in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.12.002 · Cited by 2,128 · see citing works
An outlook on microalgal biofuels
Wijffels, R. H., & Barbosa, M. J. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1189003 · Cited by 1,886 · see citing works
Life-Cycle Assessment of Biodiesel Production from Microalgae
Lardon, L., Hélias, A., Sialve, B., Steyer, J.-P., & Bernard, O. (2009) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es900705j · Cited by 1,528 · see citing works
An overview of second generation biofuel technologies
Sims, R. E. H., Mabee, W., Saddler, J. N., & Taylor, M. (2010) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2009.11.046 · Cited by 1,497 · see citing works
Williams, P. J. L. B., & Laurens, L. M. L. (2010) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/b924978h · Cited by 1,223 · see citing works
Anaerobic digestion of microalgae as a necessary step to make microalgal biodiesel sustainable
Sialve, B., Bernet, N., & Bernard, O. (2009) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2009.03.001 · Cited by 1,187 · see citing works
Rawat, I., Ranjith Kumar, R., Mutanda, T., & Bux, F. (2011) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.11.025 · Cited by 1,185 · see citing works
Dewatering of microalgal cultures: A major bottleneck to algae-based fuels
Uduman, N., Qi, Y., Danquah, M. K., Forde, G. M., & Hoadley, A. (2010) · Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy · doi:10.1063/1.3294480 · Cited by 1,144 · see citing works
Li, Y., Horsman, M., Wu, N., Lan, C. Q., & Dubois‐Calero, N. (2008) · Biotechnology Progress · doi:10.1021/bp070371k · Cited by 1,134 · see citing works
Environmental Life Cycle Comparison of Algae to Other Bioenergy Feedstocks
Clarens, A. F., Resurreccion, E. P., White, M. A., & Colosi, L. M. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es902838n · Cited by 1,118 · see citing works
Life-cycle analysis on biodiesel production from microalgae: Water footprint and nutrients balance
Yang, J., Xu, M., Zhang, X., Hu, Q., Sommerfeld, M., & Chen, Y. (2011) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.07.017 · Cited by 883 · see citing works
Placing microalgae on the biofuels priority list: a review of the technological challenges
Greenwell, H. C., Laurens, L. M. L., Shields, R. J., Lovitt, R. W., & Flynn, K. J. (2009) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2009.0322 · Cited by 874 · see citing works
Jorquera, O., Kiperstok, A., Sales, E. A., Embiruçu, M., & Ghirardi, M. L. (2010) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2009.09.038 · Cited by 863 · see citing works
The water footprint of bioenergy
Gerbens-Leenes, W., Hoekstra, A. Y., & van der Meer, T. H. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0812619106 · Cited by 774 · see citing works
Aquatic phototrophs: efficient alternatives to land-based crops for biofuels
Dismukes, G. C., Carrieri, D., Bennette, N., Ananyev, G. M., & Posewitz, M. C. (2008) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2008.05.007 · Cited by 733 · see citing works
CO2 Mitigation and Renewable Oil from Photosynthetic Microbes: A New Appraisal
Huntley, M. E., & Redalje, D. G. (2007) · Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change · doi:10.1007/s11027-006-7304-1 · Cited by 633 · see citing works
Perspectives on Microalgal CO2-Emission Mitigation Systems—A Review
Ho, S.-H., Chen, C.-Y., Lee, D.-J., & Chang, J.-S. (2011) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.11.001 · Cited by 580 · see citing works
Life-cycle assessment of microalgae culture coupled to biogas production
Collet, P., Hélias, A., Lardon, L. A., Ras, M., Goy, R.-A., & Steyer, J. (2010) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.154 · Cited by 573 · see citing works
Stephenson, A. L., Kazamia, E., Dennis, J. S., Howe, C. J., Scott, S. A., & Smith, A. G. (2010) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef1003123 · Cited by 571 · see citing works
Life cycle analysis of algae biodiesel
Sander, K. B., & Murthy, G. S. (2010) · The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment · doi:10.1007/s11367-010-0194-1 · Cited by 532 · see citing works
Life cycle assessment of biodiesel production from microalgae in ponds
Campbell, P. K., Beer, T., & Batten, D. (2011) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.048 · Cited by 495 · see citing works
Enhanced lipid production of Chlorella vulgaris by adjustment of cultivation conditions
Lv, J.-M., Cheng, L., Xu, X., Zhang, L., & Chen, H. (2010) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.120 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
Bhatnagar, A., Chinnasamy, S., Singh, M., & Das, K. C. (2011) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.12.064 · Cited by 451 · see citing works
Gerbens-Leenes, P. W., Hoekstra, A. Y., & van der Meer, T. H. (2008) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008.07.013 · Cited by 438 · see citing works
Theoretical Maximum Algal Oil Production
Weyer, K. M., Bush, D. R., Darzins, A., & Willson, B. D. (2010) · BioEnergy Research · doi:10.1007/s12155-009-9046-x · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Xu, L., Brilman, D. W. F., Withag, J., Brem, G., & Kersten, S. R. A. (2011) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.066 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
Microalgal bioreactors: Challenges and opportunities
Xu, L., Weathers, P. J., Xiong, X., & Liu, C. (2009) · Engineering in Life Sciences · doi:10.1002/elsc.200800111 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Brentner, L. B., Eckelman, M. J., & Zimmerman, J. B. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es2006995 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
Systems and economic analysis of microalgae ponds for conversion of CO2 to biomass
Benemann, J. R., & Oswald, W. J. (1994) · NASA STI/Recon Technical Report N · Cited by 374 · see citing works
The Water Footprint of Biofuels: A Drink or Drive Issue?
Dominguez-Faus, R., Powers, S. E., Burken, J. G., & Alvarez, P. J. J. (2009) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es802162x · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Net energy and greenhouse gas emission evaluation of biodiesel derived from microalgae
Batan, L., Quinn, J., Willson, B., & Bradley, T. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es102052y · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Outdoor algal mass cultures—II. Photosynthetic yield limitations
Goldman, J. C. (1979) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/0043-1354(79)90083-6 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Environmental implications of power generation via coal-microalgae cofiring
Kadam, K. L. (2002) · Energy · doi:10.1016/s0360-5442(02)00025-7 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
CO2 mitigation with microalgae systems
Benemann, J. R. (1997) · Energy Conversion and Management · doi:10.1016/s0196-8904(96)00313-5 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
California Univ., B., Benemann, J., USDOE Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, W., & Oswald, W. J. (1996) · doi:10.2172/493389 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Brune, D. E., Lundquist, T., & Benemann, J. R. (2009) · Journal of Environmental Engineering · doi:10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0000100 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Water Intensity of Transportation
King, C. W., & Webber, M. E. (2008) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es800367m · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Life cycle energy and CO2 analysis of microalgae-to-biodiesel: Preliminary results and comparisons
Hsien Hui, K. H. O. O., Sharratt, P., Das, P., Balasubramanian, R. K., Naraharisetti, P. K., & Shaik, S. M. (2011) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.02.055 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Environmental Impacts of Algae-Derived Biodiesel and Bioelectricity for Transportation
Clarens, A. F., Nassau, H., Resurreccion, E. P., White, M. A., & Colosi, L. M. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es200760n · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Putting the "vap" into evaporation
Shuttleworth, W. J. (2007) · Hydrology and earth system sciences · doi:10.5194/hess-11-210-2007 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Algal autoflocculation—verification and proposed mechanism
Sukenik, A., & Shelef, G. (1984) · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/bit.260260206 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007: A Summary of Major Provisions
Sissine, F. (2007) · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Biogas from Macroalgae: is it time to revisit the idea?
Hughes, A. D., Kelly, M. S., Black, K., & Stanley, M. S. (2012) · Biotechnology for Biofuels · doi:10.1186/1754-6834-5-86 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Microflotation performance for algal separation
Hanotu, J. O., Bandulasena, H., & Zimmerman, W. B. (2012) · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/bit.24449 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Energy-Water Nexus for Mass Cultivation of Algae
Murphy, C. F., & Allen, D. T. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es200109z · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Life Cycle Assessment of Potential Biojet Fuel Production in the United States
Agusdinata, D. B., Zhao, F., Ileleji, K., & DeLaurentis, D. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es202148g · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Response to Reijnders: Do biofuels from microalgae beat biofuels from terrestrial plants?
Yusuf Chisti, B. (2008) · Trends in biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2008.04.002 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Life cycle energy and greenhouse gas analysis for algae-derived biodiesel
Shirvani, T., Yan, X., Inderwildi, O. R., Edwards, P. P., & King, D. A. (2011) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/c1ee01791h · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Environmental performance of algal biofuel technology options
Vasudevan, V., Stratton, R. W., Pearlson, M. N., Jersey, G. R., Beyene, A. G., Weissman, J. C., Rubino, M., & Hileman, J. I. (2012) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es2026399 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Microalgae and biofuels: A promising partnership?
Malcata, F. X. (2011) · Trends in biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.05.005 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Water Embodied in Bioethanol in the United States
Chiu, Y., Walseth, B., & Suh, S. (2009) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es8031067 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Bhave, R., Kuritz, T., Powell, L., & Adcock, D. (2012) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es204107d · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Luo, D., Hu, Z., Choi, D. G., Thomas, V. M., Realff, M. J., & Chance, R. R. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es1007577 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Weissman, J. C., & Goebel, R. P. (1987) · doi:10.2172/6546458 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Evaluating industrial symbiosis and algae cultivation from a life cycle perspective
Soratana, K., & Landis, A. E. (2011) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.04.018 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Microalgae Production from Power Plant Flue Gas: Environmental Implications on a Life Cycle Basis
Kadam, K. L. (2001) · doi:10.2172/783405 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Experiences and strategies in the recovery of biomass from mass cultures of microalgae
Mohn, F. H. (1980) · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Do biofuels from microalgae beat biofuels from terrestrial plants?
Reijnders, L. (2008) · Trends in biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2008.04.001 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Ferreira, A. F., Marques, A. C., Batista, A. P., Marques, P., Gouveia, L., & Silva, C. (2011) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.09.056 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
A biorefinery from Nannochloropsis sp. microalga – Energy and CO2 emission and economic analyses
Ferreira, A. F., Ribeiro, L. A., Batista, A. P., Marques, P., Nobre, B. P., Palavra, A. M. F., da Silva, P. P., Gouveia, L., & Silva, C. (2013) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.168 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Molecular targets for detection and immunotherapy in Cryptosporidium parvum
Boulter‐Bitzer, J. I., Lee, H., & Trevors, J. T. (2006) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2006.08.003 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Nannochloropsis sp. biomass recovery by Electro-Coagulation for biodiesel and pigment production
Matos, C. T., Santos, M., Nobre, B. P., & Gouveia, L. (2013) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.034 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Ferreira, A. F., Ortigueira, J., Alves, L., Gouveia, L., Moura, P., & Silva, C. (2013) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.06.079 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Cho, S.-J. (2011) · Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.4014/jmb.1103.03038 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Chowdhury, R., Viamajala, S., & Gerlach, R. (2012) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.12.099 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Fortier, M. P., & Sturm, B. (2012) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es302127f · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Yang, J., Xu, M., Zhang, X., Hu, Q., Sommerfeld, M. R., & Chen, Y. (2011) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.03.029 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Energy requirement and CO2 emissions of bioH2 production from microalgal biomass
Ferreira, A. F., Ortigueira, J., Alves, L., Gouveia, L., Moura, P., & Silva, C. (2013) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.12.033 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
U.S. Life Cycle Inventory Database Roadmap (Brochure)
Deru, M. P. (2009) · doi:10.2172/963563 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Mukhtar, S., Wagner, K. L., & Gregory, L. F. (2009) · OakTrust (Texas A&M University Libraries) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 74 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Cuéllar-Franca, R. M., & Azapagic, A. (2015) · Journal of CO2 Utilization · doi:10.1016/j.jcou.2014.12.001 · Cited by 1,571 · see citing works
Panis, G., & Carreón, J. R. (2016) · Algal Research · doi:10.1016/j.algal.2016.06.007 · Cited by 444 · see citing works
Genome editing of model oleaginous microalgae <i>Nannochloropsis</i> spp. by <scp>CRISPR</scp> /Cas9
Wang, Q., Lu, Y., Xin, Y., Wei, L., Huang, S., & Xu, J. (2016) · The Plant Journal · doi:10.1111/tpj.13307 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Carneiro, M. L. N. M., Pradelle, F., Braga, S. L., Gomes, M. S. P., Martins, A. R. F. A., Turkovics, F., & Pradelle, R. N. C. (2017) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.01.152 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Ren, H.-Y., Liu, B.-F., Ma, C., Zhao, L., & Ren, N. (2013) · Biotechnology for Biofuels · doi:10.1186/1754-6834-6-143 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Water use and its recycling in microalgae cultivation for biofuel application
Farooq, W., Suh, W. I., Park, M., & Yang, J. (2014) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.140 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Logroño, W., Pérez, M., Urquizo, G., Kadier, A., Echeverría, M. M., Recalde, C., & Rákhely, G. (2017) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.099 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Demonstrated large-scale production of marine microalgae for fuels and feed
Huntley, M. E., Johnson, Z. I., Brown, S. L., Sills, D. L., Gerber, L. N., Archibald, I., Machesky, S. C., Granados, J., Beal, C. M., & Greene, C. H. (2015) · Algal Research · doi:10.1016/j.algal.2015.04.016 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Biodiversity impacts of bioenergy production: Microalgae vs. first generation biofuels
Correa, D. F., Beyer, H. L., Possingham, H. P., Thomas-Hall, S. R., & Schenk, P. M. (2017) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.02.068 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
A critical review on life cycle analysis of algae biodiesel: current challenges and future prospects
Chamkalani, A., Zendehboudi, S., Rezaei, N., & Hawboldt, K. (2020) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2020.110143 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
The cost benefit of algal technology for combined CO2 mitigation and nutrient abatement
Judd, S. J., Al Momani, F. A. O., Znad, H., & Al Ketife, A. M. D. (2017) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2016.12.068 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Environmental life cycle assessment of biomass conversion using hydrothermal technology: A review
Hussin, F., Hazani, N. N., Khalil, M., & Aroua, M. K. (2023) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2023.107747 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
RNA i‐based targeted gene knockdown in the model oleaginous microalgae Nannochloropsis oceanica
Wei, L., Yi, X., Wang, Q., Yang, J., Hu, H., & Xu, J. (2016) · The Plant Journal · doi:10.1111/tpj.13411 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Ringsmuth, A. K., Landsberg, M. J., & Hankamer, B. D. (2016) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2016.04.016 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Progress on microalgae cultivation in wastewater for bioremediation and circular bioeconomy
Satya, A. D. M., Cheah, W. Y., Yazdi, S. K., Cheng, Y., Khoo, K. S., Vo, D. N., Bui, X. D., Vithanage, M. S., & Show, P. L. (2022) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2022.114948 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Review of Heavy Metal Adsorption Processes by Several Organic Matters from Wastewaters
Czikkely, M., Neubauer, É., Fekete, I., Ymeri, P., & Fogarassy, C. (2018) · Water · doi:10.3390/w10101377 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Review on the Recent Structural Advances in Open and Closed Systems for Carbon Capture through Algae
Paul, S., Bera, S., Dasgupta, R., Mondal, S., & Roy, S. (2021) · Energy Nexus · doi:10.1016/j.nexus.2021.100032 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Ezhumalai, G., Arun, M., Manavalan, A., Rajkumar, R., & Heese, K. (2024) · Microbial Ecology · doi:10.1007/s00248-024-02376-1 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Behera, B., Supraja, K. V., & Balasubramanian, P. (2021) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125588 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Recent updates in biohydrogen production strategies and life–cycle assessment for sustainable future
Morya, R., Raj, T., Lee, Y., Pandey, A. K., Kumar, D., Singhania, R. R., Singh, S., Verma, J. P., & Kim, S. (2022) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128159 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Lipids rich in ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from microalgae
Santos-Sánchez, N. F., Valadez-Blanco, R., Hernández, B., Torres-Ariño, A., Guadarrama-Mendoza, P. C., & Salas-Coronado, R. (2016) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-016-7818-8 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
The Use of Bicarbonate for Microalgae Cultivation and Its Carbon Footprint Analysis
Kim, G.-Y., Roh, K., & Han, J.-I. (2019) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c9gc01107b · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Cox, K., Renouf, M. A., Dargan, A., Turner, C., & Klein‐Marcuschamer, D. (2014) · Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining · doi:10.1002/bbb.1488 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Integrated algal biorefineries from process systems engineering aspects: A review
Wu, W., & Chang, J. (2019) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121939 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
A review of recent advances in engineering bacteria for enhanced CO2 capture and utilization
Onyeaka, H., & Ekwebelem, O. C. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s13762-022-04303-8 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Cui, Y., Zhao, J., Wang, Y., Qin, S., & Lu, Y. (2018) · Biotechnology for Biofuels · doi:10.1186/s13068-018-1029-8 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Shonnard, D. R., Klemetsrud, B., Sacramento‐Rivero, J. C., Navarro-Pineda, F. S., Hilbert, J. A., Handler, R. M., Suppen, N., & Donovan, R. P. (2015) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/s00267-015-0543-8 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Huang, J., Xia, J. Q., Yang, Z., Guan, F., Cui, D., Guan, G., Jiang, W. Z., & Li, Y. (2014) · Biotechnology for Biofuels · doi:10.1186/1754-6834-7-111 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Challenges and opportunities for microalgae‐mediated CO2 capture and biorefinery
Seth, J. R., & Wangikar, P. P. (2015) · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · doi:10.1002/bit.25619 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Intracellular spectral recompositioning of light enhances algal photosynthetic efficiency
Fu, W., Chaiboonchoe, A., Khraiwesh, B., Sultana, M., Jaiswal, A. K., Jijakli, K., Nelson, D. R., Hrout, A. A., Baig, B., Amin, A., et al. (2017) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1603096 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Deconinck, N., Muylaert, K., Ivens, W., & Vandamme, D. (2018) · Algal Research · doi:10.1016/j.algal.2018.01.016 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Producing transportation fuels from algae: In search of synergy
Raslavičius, L., Semenov, V. G., Chernova, N. I., Keršys, A., & Kopiyka, O. K. (2014) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2014.07.176 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Tua, C., Ficara, E., Mezzanotte, V., & Rigamonti, L. (2020) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111605 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Economic and life-cycle greenhouse gas optimization of microalgae-to-biofuels chains
Wu, W., Lin, K.-H., & Chang, J. (2018) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.083 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Jeong, B., Jang, H., Lee, W., Park, C., Ha, S., Kim, D. K., & Cho, N.-K. (2022) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131756 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Zhu, C., Zhang, R., Cheng, L., & Chi, Z. (2018) · Biotechnology for Biofuels · doi:10.1186/s13068-018-1197-6 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Pandey, A., Gupta, A., Sunny, A., Kumar, S., & Srivastava, S. (2019) · Renewable Energy · doi:10.1016/j.renene.2019.12.095 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Zaimes, G. G., Soratana, K., Harden, C. L., Landis, A. E., & Khanna, V. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b00129 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationMicroalgae cofiring in coal power plants: Innovative system layout and energy analysis
Giostri, A., Binotti, M., & Macchi, E. (2016) · Renewable Energy · doi:10.1016/j.renene.2016.04.033 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Zaimes, G. G., Beck, A. W., Janupala, R. R., Resasco, D. E., Crossley, S. P., Lobban, L. L., & Khanna, V. (2017) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/c7ee00682a · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Self-citationFincheira, P., Venthur, H., Mutis, A., Parada, M., & Quiróz, A. (2016) · Microbiological Research · doi:10.1016/j.micres.2016.09.008 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Design of Sustainable Biofuel Processes and Supply Chains: Challenges and Opportunities
Zaimes, G. G., Vora, N., Chopra, S. S., Landis, A. E., & Khanna, V. (2015) · Processes · doi:10.3390/pr3030634 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationAnsari, K. B., & Gaikar, V. G. (2018) · Renewable Energy · doi:10.1016/j.renene.2018.06.052 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Life cycle assessment of upgraded microalgae-to-biofuel chains
Wu, W., Lei, Y.-C., & Chang, J. (2019) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121492 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Schade, S., Stangl, G. I., & Meier, T. (2020) · Journal of Applied Phycology · doi:10.1007/s10811-020-02181-6 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Costa, Y., Duarte, A., & Sarache, W. A. (2017) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.126 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Bohutskyi, P., Keller, T. A., Phan, D., Parris, M. L., Li, M., Richardson, L., & Kopachevsky, A. M. (2019) · Frontiers in Energy Research · doi:10.3389/fenrg.2019.00047 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Microalgae and Clean Technologies: A Review
de Souza, M. P., Hoeltz, M., Benitez, L. B., Machado, Ê. L., & Schneider, R. D. C. D. S. (2019) · CLEAN - Soil Air Water · doi:10.1002/clen.201800380 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
The Brazilian microalgae production chain and alternatives for its consolidation
Andrade, D. S., Telles, T. S., & de Castro, G. H. L. (2019) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119526 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Schade, S., & Meier, T. (2020) · Journal of Applied Phycology · doi:10.1007/s10811-020-02177-2 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
D'Imporzano, G., Veronesi, D., Salati, S., & Adani, F. (2018) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.174 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Trends on CO2 Capture with Microalgae: A Bibliometric Analysis
Miranda, A. M., Hernández-Tenorio, F., Ocampo, D., Vargas, G. J., & Sáez, A. A. (2022) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules27154669 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Zaimes, G. G., & Khanna, V. (2014) · Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments · doi:10.1016/j.seta.2014.01.011 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationBiodiesel from Green Alga Scenedesmus acuminatus
Unpaprom, Y., Tipnee, S., & Ramaraj, R. (2015) · International Journal of Literature and Arts · doi:10.11648/j.ijrse.s.2015040101.11 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Mayers, J. J., Ekman Nilsson, A., Svensson, E., & Albers, E. (2016) · Industrial Biotechnology · doi:10.1089/ind.2016.0006 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Emerging microalgae-based biofuels: Technology, life-cycle and scale-up
Marangon, B. B., Magalhães, I. B., Pereira, A. S. A. D. P., Silva, T. A., da Gama, R. C. N., Ferreira, J., Castro, J. S., de Assis, L. R., Lorentz, J. F., & Calijuri, M. L. (2023) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138447 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Reconsidering the potential of direct microalgal biomass utilization as end-products: A review
Choi, H. I., Sung, Y. J., Hong, M. E., Han, J., Min, B. K., & Sim, S. J. (2022) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2021.111930 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Rossi, S., Carecci, D., & Ficara, E. (2023) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162275 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Borella, L., Ortolan, D., Barbera, E., Trivellin, N., & Sforza, E. (2021) · Energy Conversion and Management · doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114330 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Pankratz, S., Kumar, M., Oyedun, A. O., Gemechu, E. D., & Kumar, A. (2020) · Algal Research · doi:10.1016/j.algal.2020.101815 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
A comparison of on-site nutrient and energy recycling technologies in algal oil production
Zhang, Y., Kendall, A. M., & Yuan, J. (2014) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2014.04.011 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Borella, L., Sforza, E., & Bertucco, A. (2021) · New Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2021.05.006 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Speranza, L. G., Ingram, A., & Leeke, G. A. (2015) · Renewable Energy · doi:10.1016/j.renene.2014.12.059 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Yun, J., Smith, V. H., deNoyelles, F. J., Roberts, G. W., & Stagg‐Williams, S. M. (2014) · Industrial Biotechnology · doi:10.1089/ind.2013.0033 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Borella, L., Diotto, D., Barbera, E., Fiorimonte, D., Sforza, E., & Trivellin, N. (2022) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2022.125087 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Kushwaha, A., Yadav, A. N., Singh, B., Dwivedi, V., Kumar, S., Goswami, L., & Hussain, C. M. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-85387-3.00003-3 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Jabri, H. M. S. J. A., Das, P., Thaher, M. I., Khan, S., & AbdulQuadir, M. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142532 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Zhang, Y., & Kendall, A. M. (2019) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.137 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Zhang, W., Li, J., Zhang, Z., Fan, G., Ai, Y., Gao, Y., & Pan, G. (2019) · Biotechnology for Biofuels · doi:10.1186/s13068-019-1407-x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Algae-dewatering using rotary drum vacuum filters: Process modeling, simulation and techno-economics
Shao, P., Darcovich, K., Mccracken, T., Ordorica‐Garcia, G., Reith, M., & O’Leary, S. J. (2015) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2015.01.029 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Barbera, E., Grandi, A., Borella, L., Bertucco, A., & Sforza, E. (2019) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2019.00274 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Evaluation of microalgae-based biorefinery alternatives
Fózer, D., Valentínyi, N., Racz, L., & Mizsey, P. (2016) · Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy · doi:10.1007/s10098-016-1242-8 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Algae as a source of renewable energy: opportunities, challenges, and recent developments
Hussain, J., & Rittmann, B. E. (2023) · Sustainable Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1039/d2se01599d · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Energy efficient process for microalgae cell disruption for oil recovery using triiodide resin
Farooq, W., Mishra, S. K., Moon, M., Suh, W. I., Shrivastav, A., Kumar, K., Kwon, J.-H., Park, M., & Yang, J. (2015) · Algal Research · doi:10.1016/j.algal.2015.11.007 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Restoring Pre-Industrial CO2 Levels While Achieving Sustainable Development Goals
Capron, M. E., Stewart, J. R., N’Yeurt, A. D. R., Chambers, M. D., Kim, J. K., Yarish, C., Jones, A. T., Blaylock, R. B., James, S. C., Fuhrman, R., et al. (2020) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en13184972 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Borella, L., Sforza, E., & Bertucco, A. (2022) · Energy Conversion and Management · doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116224 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Mayol, A. P., Juan, J. L. S., Sybingco, E., Bandala, A. A., Dadios, E. P., Ubando, A. T., Culaba, A. B., Chen, W., & Chang, J. (2020) · IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science · doi:10.1088/1755-1315/463/1/012011 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Life Cycle Assessment of Algal Biorefinery
Gnansounou, E., & Raman, J. K. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63585-3.00007-3 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Effect of permeate recycling and light intensity on growth kinetics of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Hwang, J.-H., & Rittmann, B. E. (2017) · Algal Research · doi:10.1016/j.algal.2017.09.008 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Environmental impact of algae-based biofuel production: A review
Mobin, S. M. A., Alam, F., & Chowdhury, H. (2022) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/5.0117093 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Romagnoli, F., Thedy, A., Ieviņa, B., & Feofilovs, M. (2023) · Environmental and Climate Technologies · doi:10.2478/rtuect-2023-0010 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Challenges on CO2 capture, utilization, and conversion
Kanjilal, B., Nabavinia, M., Masoumi, A., Savelski, M. J., & Noshadi, I. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819657-1.00002-5 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Microalgae: An Eco-friendly Tool for the Treatment of Wastewaters for Environmental Safety
Hwang, J.-H., Sadmani, A. H. M. A., Lee, S., Kim, K., & Lee, W. H. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-3426-9_12 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Mendoza, H. M., Carmona, L., Assunção, P., Freijanes, K., de la Jara, A., Portillo, E., & Torres, A. (2015) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2015.07.094 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Sustainable conversion of light to algal biomass and electricity: A net energy return analysis
Shahnazari, M., Bahri, P. A., Parlevliet, D. A., Minakshi, M., & Moheimani, N. R. (2017) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.04.162 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Lindehoff, E., Mattsson, L., Olofsson, M., Svensson, F., Farnelid, H., & Legrand, C. (2024) · Bioresource Technology Reports · doi:10.1016/j.biteb.2023.101730 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Praveen, K., Abinandan, S., Venkateswarlu, K., & Megharaj, M. (2024) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c08530 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Quantitative Assessment of Microalgae Biomass and Lipid Stability Post-Cultivation
Napan, K., Christianson, T., Voie, K., & Quinn, J. C. (2015) · Frontiers in Energy Research · doi:10.3389/fenrg.2015.00015 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Life cycle sustainability aspects of microalgal biofuels
Zaimes, G. G., & Khanna, V. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-799968-5.00008-7 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationBorella, L., Marchese, D., Trivellin, N., & Sforza, E. (2023) · Energy Conversion and Management · doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2023.117549 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Assessing the critical role of ecological goods and services in microalgal biofuel life cycles
Zaimes, G. G., & Khanna, V. (2014) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/c4ra09191d · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationPastore, M., Primavera, A., Milocco, A., Barbera, E., & Sforza, E. (2022) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01031 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
A strategy for commercialization of macroalga biorefineries
Khan, M. A., Abbas, A., & Dickson, R. (2023) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2023.113703 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Fossil Fuels Storage Technologies and Challenges
Mosallanezhad, S., Haghighatjoo, F., & Rahimpour, H. R. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-93940-9.00134-1 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
de Souza, M. P., Colares, G. S., Wiesel, P. G., Rizzetti, T. M., Hoeltz, M., Benitez, L. B., Machado, Ê. L., & Schneider, R. D. C. D. S. (2022) · Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery · doi:10.1007/s13399-022-03530-w · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Borah, D., Rout, J., & Thajuddin, N. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-15354-9.00003-7 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment of a novel algae-based CCUS technology
Sundar, S., Kakodkar, R., & Pistikopoulos, E. N. (2025) · Computers & Chemical Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.compchemeng.2025.109409 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Carbon capture and utilization
Mohamed, A. O., Gamal, M. M. E., Hameedi, S. M., & Paleologos, E. K. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823418-1.00001-9 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Nemitallah, M. A., Mansir, I. B., & Habib, M. A. (2019) · International Journal of Energy Research · doi:10.1002/er.4723 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Assessing Microalgae Sustainability as a Feedstock for Biofuels
da Silva, P. P., & Ribeiro, L. A. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817941-3.00019-x · Cited by 5 · see citing works
- Authors
- Zaimes, G. G., & Khanna, V.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Khanna, Vikas
- Venue
- Biotechnology for Biofuels
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 88
- ISSN
- 1754-6834 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3693881
- OpenAlex
- W2062546573
- Cited by
- 133
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 4.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Biotechnology for Biofuels (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Pittsburgh
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Environmental Impact and Sustainability
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Bioenergy crop production and management
- Keywords
- microalgae, algal biofuels, raceway ponds, life cycle assessment, energy return on investment, greenhouse gas emissions, water demand, algal harvesting, cultivation parameters
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
