Microalgal bioreactors: Challenges and opportunities
Open accessAbstract
Abstract Cultivating and harvesting of products from microalgae has led to increasing commercial interest in their use for producing valuable substances for food, feed, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and biodiesel, as well as for mitigation of pollution and rising CO2 in the environment. This review outlines different bioreactors and their current status, and points out their advantages and disadvantages. Compared with open‐air systems, there are distinct advantages to using closed systems, but technical challenges still remain. In view of potential applications, development of a more controllable, economical, and efficient closed culturing system is needed. Further developments still depend on continued research in the design of photobioreactors and break‐throughs in microalgal culturing technologies.
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Tube diameters in tubular reactors are usually set around 10 cm.
“For this reason, tube diameters are usually set around 10 cm [72].”
Optical fiber cables can be sterilized and survive known culture agitation methods.
“Optical fiber cables boast the ability to be sterilized as well as survivability against known culture agitation methods [72].”
Huang et al. claims that the maximum allowed diameter for tubular PBRs is 6 cm and that diameters of 1 cm can produce higher cell densities.
“While one source mentioned most were around 10 cm in diameter, Huang et al. claims that the maximum allowed diameter is 6cm and that diameters of 1cm can produce higher cell densities [72,80].”
Modularity itself would provide redundancy in cases of both mechanical failure of the process or biological failure of culture death because if one culture fails, then many more will still be functional, and production is minimally compromised.
“Modularity itself would provide redundancy in cases of both mechanical failure of the process or biological failure of culture death because if one culture fails, then many more will still be functional, and production is minimally compromised [72].”
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- Authors
- Xu, L., Weathers, P. J., Xiong, X., & Liu, C.
- Affiliations
- Jiangnan University (CN)
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute (US)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Liu, Chun‐Zhao
- Venue
- Engineering in Life Sciences
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-06
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 178-189
- ISSN
- 1618-0240 (ISSN-L)
- 1618-2863
- OpenAlex
- W1986118925
- Cited by
- 387
- References
- 106
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 7.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Engineering in Life Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Institute of Process Engineering, CAS Institutional Repository (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Fluid Dynamics and Mixing
- Keywords
- microalgae, photobioreactors, closed culture system, open-field cultivation, microalgal bioproducts, biodiesel, CO2 emission reduction, pollution reduction, bioreactor design
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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