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Management of bleeding following major trauma: a European guideline
Open accessAbstract
Introduction: Evidence-based recommendations can be made with respect to many aspects of the acute management of the bleeding trauma patient, which when implemented may lead to improved patient outcomes. Methods: The multidisciplinary Task Force for Advanced Bleeding Care in Trauma was formed in 2005 with the aim of developing guidelines for the management of bleeding following severe injury. Recommendations were formulated using a nominal group process and the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) hierarchy of evidence and were based on a systematic review of published literature. Results: Key recommendations include the following: The time elapsed between injury and operation should be minimised for patients in need of urgent surgical bleeding control, and patients presenting with haemorrhagic shock and an identified source of bleeding should undergo immediate surgical bleeding control unless initial resuscitation measures are successful. A damage control surgical approach is essential in the severely injured patient. Pelvic ring disruptions should be closed and stabilised, followed by appropriate angiographic embolisation or surgical bleeding control, including packing. Patients presenting with haemorrhagic shock and an unidentified source of bleeding should undergo immediate further assessment as appropriate using focused sonography, computed tomography, serum lactate, and/or base deficit measurements. This guideline also reviews appropriate physiological targets and suggested use and dosing of blood products, pharmacological agents, and coagulation factor replacement in the bleeding trauma patient. Conclusion: A multidisciplinary approach to the management of the bleeding trauma patient will help create circumstances in which optimal care can be provided. By their very nature, these guidelines reflect the current state-of-the-art and will need to be updated and revised as important new evidence becomes available.
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Self-citationStengel, D., Bauwens, K., Rademacher, G., Mutze, S., & Ekkernkamp, A. (2005) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.2361040791 · Cited by 74
Ertel, W., Eid, K., Keel, M. J. B., & Trentz, O. (2000) · European Journal of Trauma · doi:10.1007/pl00002452 · Cited by 66
High-Dose Antithrombin III Treatment of Severely Injured Patients
Waydhas, C., Nast-Kolb, D. C., Gippner‐Steppert, C., Trupka, A., Pfundstein, C., Schweiberer, L., & Jochum, M. (1998) · doi:10.1097/00005373-199811000-00015 · Cited by 46
Guidelines for transfusion for massive blood loss
A PUBLICATION OF THE BRITISH SOCIETY FOR HAEMATOLOGY, Boulton, F. E., Dawson, D., Fraser, I. D., Gunson, H. H., Horn, A.-M., Jennings, R., Lloyd, E., Napier, J. A. F., Roberts, B. E., et al. (1988) · Clinical & Laboratory Haematology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2257.1988.tb00020.x · Cited by 44
Use of antithrombin III in critical patients
Díaz-Cremades, J., Lorenzo, R., Sánchez, M., Moreno, M. J., Alsar, M. J., Bosch, J. M., Fajardo, L., González, D., & Guerrero, D. (1994) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf01705725 · Cited by 28
Kontrollierte milde und moderate Hypothermie
Br�x, A., Girbes, A. R. J., & Polderman, K. H. (2005) · Der Anaesthesist · doi:10.1007/s00101-005-0808-3 · Cited by 17
Induced Hypothermia in Traumatic Brain Injury: Effective if Properly Employed
Polderman, K. H., van Zanten, A. R. H., Nipshagen, M. D., & Girbes, A. R. J. (2004) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000104936.28288.7a · Cited by 16
Cited by
Management of bleeding following major trauma: an updated European guideline
Rossaint, R., Bouillon, B., Cerny, V., Coats, T. J., Duranteau, J., Fernández-Mondéjar, E., Hunt, B. J., Komadina, R., Nardi, G., Neugebauer, E., et al. (2010) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc8943 · Cited by 818
Self-citationSchöchl, H., Frietsch, T., Pavelka, M., & Jámbor, C. (2009) · Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection & Critical Care · doi:10.1097/ta.0b013e31818b2483 · Cited by 393
Ringdal, K. G., Coats, T. J., Lefering, R., Di Bartolomeo, S., Steen, P. A., Roise, O., Handolin, L., Lossius, H. M., & (Tcd), U. T. E. P. (2008) · Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1186/1757-7241-16-7 · Cited by 337
Self-citationPathophysiology and Treatment of Coagulopathy in Massive Hemorrhage and Hemodilution
Bolliger, D., Görlinger, K., Tanaka, K. A., & Warner, D. S. (2010) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e3181f22b5a · Cited by 325
Fenger‐Eriksen, C., Moore, G. W., Rangarajan, S., Ingerslev, J., & Sørensen, B. (2010) · Transfusion · doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02752.x · Cited by 131
Metadata
- Authors
- Spahn, D. R., Cerny, V., Coats, T. J., Duranteau, J., Fernández-Mondéjar, E., Gordini, G., Stahel, P. F., Hunt, B. J., Komadina, R., Neugebauer, E., Ozier, Y., Riddez, L., Schultz, A., Vincent, J.-L., & Rossaint, R.
- Venue
- Critical Care
- Published
- 2007-02-13
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- R17-R17
- ISSN
- 1364-8535 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2042851569
- Cited by
- 437
- References
- 104
- FWCI
- 41.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.