Cited by 129Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity ResearchMicrobial Metabolites in Food BiotechnologyGut microbiota and health

Effects of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharide on postoperative cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation through targeting of the gut-brain axis

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Yang, Xu-Dong, Wang, Li-Kuan, Wu, Hai-Yin, Jiao, Liang·2018·BMC Anesthesiology

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Surgery-induced neuroinflammation plays an important role in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Gut microbiota is a key regulator of neurological inflammation. Nurturing with prebiotics is an effective microbiota manipulation that can regulate host immunity and cognition. The aim of the present study was to test whether administration of the prebiotic Bimuno® (galactooligosaccharide (B-GOS) mixture) could ameliorate POCD and attenuate surgery-induced neuroinflammation through the microbiota-brain-axis. METHODS: Adult rats undergoing abdominal surgery under isoflurane anesthesia were fed with water or prebiotic B-GOS supplementation (15 g/L) for 3 weeks. Novel objective recognition task was employed for testing cognitive changes on postoperative day three. Expression of microglial marker Iba-1 in the hippocampus was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. Expression levels of phenotypic gene markers of activated microglia (M1: iNOS, CD68, CD32; M2: Ym1, CD206, and SOCS3) in hippocampus were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Feces were collected for microbial community analysis. RESULTS: Rats exhibited an impairment in novel objective recognition 3 days after surgery compared with control rats (P < .01). In the hippocampus, expressions of Iba-1 and M1 markers of surgical rats were significantly upregulated. Similarly, expressions of SOCS3 and CD206 in the hippocampus were upregulated. Additionally, increasing levels of IL-6 and IL-4 were evident in the hippocampus. Administration of B-GOS significantly alleviated cognitive decline induced by surgery (P < .01). B-GOS-fed rats showed a significantly downregulated activation of microglia and expressions of M1-related genes and SOCS3 and IL-6. While there was no significant difference in expressions of CD206 and Ym1 and IL-4 between the surgical and B-GOS groups. Analysis of gut microbiome found that administration of B-GOS induced a significant change beta diversity of the gut microbiome and proliferation of Bifidobacterium and other potentially anti-inflammatory microbes. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of B-GOS has a beneficial effect on regulating neuroinflammatory and cognitive impairment in a rat model of abdominal surgery and was associated with the manipulation of gut microbiota.

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  • Treatment with probiotic double immuno-galactooligosaccharide (B-GOS) alleviated neuroinflammation and cognitive function in rats and greatly inhibited microglia activation, as well as expression of iNOS, CD68, CD32, SOCS3, and IL-6.

    “Yang et al. (103) found that treatment with probiotic double immuno-galactooligosaccharide (Bimuno® galactooligosaccharide; B-GOS) alleviated neuroinflammation and cognitive function in rats and greatly inhibited microglia activation, as well as expression of iNOS, CD68, CD32, SOCS3, and IL-6 expression.”

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Authors
Yang, X.-D., Wang, L.-K., Wu, H.-Y., & Jiao, L.
Affiliations
Peking University (CN)
Corresponding author
Wang, Li-Kuan
Venue
BMC Anesthesiology
Published
2018-11-30
Volume
18
Issue
1
Pages
177-177
ISSN
1471-2253 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2902007700
Cited by
129
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 9
FWCI
3.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • BMC Anesthesiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Peking University
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Keywords
postoperative cognitive dysfunction, galactooligosaccharides, prebiotics, gut-brain axis, neuroinflammation, microglial polarization, M1/M2 microglia, hippocampus, gut microbiota, Bifidobacterium, abdominal surgery, isoflurane anesthesia, inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-6, SOCS3, novel object recognition
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, Galactose, Inflammation, Male, Oligosaccharides, Postoperative Complications, Treatment Outcome, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Gastrointestinal Tract, Rats, Prebiotics, Cognitive Dysfunction

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