The association between sedentary behaviour and risk of anxiety: a systematic review

“disease [4], osteoporosis [5], type two diabetes [3], and various cancers [6]).”

“Although research has indicated an inverse association between physical activity and anxiety may exist [24–26], currently the evidence regarding the association between sedentary behaviour and anxiety is unclear.”

“There is a small body of literature that suggests some forms of sedentary behaviour may in fact have a positive impact on mental health, specifically depressive symptoms [42, 43], however, further intervention and prospective studies are required to determine the direction of the relationship between sedentary behavio…”

“unfavourable body composition, decreased fitness, lowered scores for self-esteem, and pro-social behaviour and decreased academic achievement [9], sleep problems, musculoskeletal pain, depression, and poor psychological well-being [10]).”

“For example, research has shown sedentary behaviour to be linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes [3], a disease which is subsequently associated with poor mental health [23].”

“disease [4], osteoporosis [5], type two diabetes [3], and various cancers [6]).”

“depression), it could be the displacement of physical activity when engaging in sedentary behaviour that explains the relationship with increased anxiety risk, since physical activity has been shown to be beneficial in reducing anxiety in both children/adolescents [38] and adults [39].”

“The illness has been shown to be linked to other serious diseases such as increased risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer [19] with estimates that anxiety and depression together contribute to 10 % of the total burden of disease in Australian women [20].”

“Time spent in sedentary behaviour has emerged as a potentially important indicator of health in adult populations [2], independent of achieving sufficient physical activity.”

“The association between sedentary behaviour and mental health issues such as depression [12, 13] and self-esteem”

“depression), it could be the displacement of physical activity when engaging in sedentary behaviour that explains the relationship with increased anxiety risk, since physical activity has been shown to be beneficial in reducing anxiety in both children/adolescents [38] and adults [39].”

“bances [22] or poor metabolic health [23] resulting from engagement in sedentary behaviour.”

“unfavourable body composition, decreased fitness, lowered scores for self-esteem, and pro-social behaviour and decreased academic achievement [9], sleep problems, musculoskeletal pain, depression, and poor psychological well-being [10]).”

“There is a small body of literature that suggests some forms of sedentary behaviour may in fact have a positive impact on mental health, specifically depressive symptoms [42, 43], however, further intervention and prospective studies are required to determine the direction of the relationship between sedentary behavio…”

“Uijtdewilligen L, Singh AS, Twisk JWR, Koppes LLJ, van Mechelen W, Chinapaw MJM. Adolescent predictors of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour at age 42: The Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study (AGAHLS).”

“Although research has indicated an inverse association between physical activity and anxiety may exist [24–26], currently the evidence regarding the association between sedentary behaviour and anxiety is unclear.”

“Given the plausibility of these short-term effects of sedentary behaviours on mood (i.e. distraction, CNS arousal, sleep), it is likely that the cumulative effects of these behaviours may further result in longer-term impacts on anxiety risk.”

“anxiety disorder [32], whilst a parent (proxy) report measure of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDI) (which specifically examined the Emotional Symp-”

“with anxiety, as has been suggested in previous research amongst adolescence with social physique anxiety [41].”

“5 metabolic equivalent (METs)] [1]) includes behaviours such as sitting for a range of purposes (e.”

“The association between sedentary behaviour and mental health issues such as depression [12, 13] and self-esteem [14] have been explored within some population groups (e.”

“disease [4], osteoporosis [5], type two diabetes [3], and various cancers [6]).”

“(2010) UK [30] Cross sectional Leisure time Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) Proxy report of TV, computer use, and electronic games Girls = − Moderate”

“Since one strong- [31], three moderate- [33, 35, 36] and three weak-quality studies [29, 32, 37] demonstrated at least one positive relationship between sedentary behaviour and anxiety risk, based on the bestevidence synthesis, there was moderate evidence for the overall relationship between sedentary behaviour and”

“Since one strong- [31], three moderate- [33, 35, 36] and three weak-quality studies [29, 32, 37] demonstrated at least one positive relationship between sedentary behaviour and anxiety risk, based on the bestevidence synthesis, there was moderate evidence for the overall relationship between sedentary behaviour and”

“However, based on the inconsistent findings of the one moderate- [36] and two weak-quality [29, 32] studies, there was insufficient evidence for the relationship between television viewing and anxiety risk.”

“For example, research has shown sedentary behaviour to be linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes [3], a disease which is subsequently associated with poor mental health [23].”

“[14] have been explored within some population groups”

“Samples sizes ranged from 189 [29] to 13,470 [30].”

“Since one strong- [31], three moderate- [33, 35, 36] and three weak-quality studies [29, 32, 37] demonstrated at least one positive relationship between sedentary behaviour and anxiety risk, based on the bestevidence synthesis, there was moderate evidence for the overall relationship between sedentary behaviour and”

“In addition, the conclusions drawn by this review are strengthened by the use of the quality assessment tool [26] and best evidence synthesis consistent with previous literature examining sedentary behaviour and health outcomes [3, 27, 28].”

“A systematic review of randomised controlled trials of exercise interventions for anxiety and depression in children and adolescents reported a small effect in favour of physical activity in reducing depression and anxiety levels in the general population [9], while sedentary behaviour has been reported to be associat…”

“Moreover, previous systematic and nonsystematic reviews (Martinsen, 2008; Teychenne et al., 2015) have suggested that higher levels of PA are linked to a decreased risk of future anxiety disorders.”

“The predominance of SB became itself a premature death risk factor independent of sex and type of PA practiced by an individual [174].”