Sedentary Behaviors and Health Outcomes Among Adults
Abstract
Context Nowadays, people spend a substantial amount of time per day on sedentary behaviors and it is likely that the time spent sedentary will continue to rise. To date, there is no review of prospective studies that systematically examined the relationship between diverse sedentary behaviors and various health outcomes among adults.Purpose This review aimed to systematically review the literature as to the relationship between sedentary behaviors and health outcomes considering the methodologic quality of the studies.Evidence acquisition In February 2010, a search for prospective studies was performed in diverse electronic databases. After inclusion, in 2010, the methodologic quality of each study was assessed. A best-evidence synthesis was applied to draw conclusions.Evidence synthesis 19 studies were included, of which 14 were of high methodologic quality. Based on inconsistency in findings among the studies and lack of high-quality prospective studies, insufficient evidence was concluded for body weight-related measures, CVD risk, and endometrial cancer. Further, moderate evidence for a positive relationship between the time spent sitting and the risk for type 2 diabetes was concluded. Based on three high-quality studies, there was no evidence for a relationship between sedentary behavior and mortality from cancer, but strong evidence for all-cause and CVD mortality.Conclusions Given the trend toward increased time in sedentary behaviors, additional prospective studies of high methodologic quality are recommended to clarify the causal relationships between sedentary behavior and health outcomes. Meanwhile, evidence to date suggests that interventions aimed at reducing sedentary behavior are needed.
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A growing body of literature suggests high sitting time is associated with higher risk of adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer and mortality, even after adjustment for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.
“A growing body of literature suggests high sitting time is associated with higher risk of adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer and mortality, even after adjustment for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity[8-13].”
From Daily Sitting Time and All-Cause Mortality: A Meta-Analysis (2013) · cites this paper as [8]
A systematic review of longitudinal studies of sedentary behaviors in adults found insufficient evidence for an association between sedentary behaviors and measures of adiposity or CV risk factors, including self-reported hypertension, but there was moderate evidence for an association with type 2 diabetes and strong evidence for an association with all-cause and CVD mortality.
“A systematic review of longitudinal studies of sedentary behaviors in adults found insufficient evidence for an association between sedentary behaviors and measures of adiposity or CV risk factors, including self-reported hypertension, 147 but there was moderate evidence for an association with type 2 diabetes and strong evidence for an association with all-cause and CVD mortality.”
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- Authors
- Proper, K. I., Singh, A. S., van Mechelen, W., & Chinapaw, M. J. M.
- Affiliations
- Amsterdam Public Health (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Proper, Karin I.
- Venue
- American Journal of Preventive Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-02
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 174-182
- ISSN
- 0749-3797 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2160813933
- Cited by
- 633
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 69 · 2016: 64 · 2015: 73 · 2014: 60 · 2013: 58 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 5.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- sedentary behavior, sitting time, health outcomes, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular risk, cancer mortality, all-cause mortality, body weight, endometrial cancer, sedentary behavior interventions, adults
- MeSH terms
- Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Young Adult, Sedentary Behavior
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