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Antisense knockdown of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase promotes the neutral lipid accumulation in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Microalgae have been an emerging biofuel resource; however, the germplasm improvement has been slow due to the lack of molecular tools. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) deactivates the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) which catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate. Acetyl-CoA production via PDC is important in plant tissues that are active in fatty acid synthesis. RESULTS: A 1261-bp cDNA of a putative PDK gene (PtPDK) was cloned from a diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, and PtPDK antisense knockdown transgenic diatoms were generated. Both PtPDK transcript abundance and enzyme activity were reduced significantly due to antisense knockdown of PtPDK. Neutral lipid content of transgenic diatom cells increased up to 82% as determined by Nile red staining, and fatty acid composition was not altered. Transgenic cells showed slightly lower growth rate but similar cell size with the wild type, hence retaining similar biomass productivity. CONCLUSIONS: This work first obtained a successful engineered diatom regulating a key gene involved in lipid metabolism. Our findings also provide powerful indications in enhancing microalgal lipid production by metabolic engineering for biofuel industry.
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“The exceptionally high content of total lipids was noted in microalgae Prymnesium parvum (65.79%) [99], Vischeria vischeri (65.16%) [100], Nannochloropsis granulata CCMP525 (60.35%) [101], Chlorella vulgaris (67.1%) [99], Tetradesmus deserticola JNU19 (62.4%) [102].”
From Nitrogen and phosphorus stress as a tool to induce lipid production in microalgae (2023) · cites this paper as [101]
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“As the end product of glycolysis, pyruvate links glycolysis with TCA cycle and lipid biosynthesis, thus pyruvate is also considered a regulative metabolite for adjusting lipid biosynthesis (Goodson et al. 2011; Ma et al. 2014; Avidan and Pick 2015).”
Murison, V., Hérault, J., Guinio, S., Côme, M., Loiseau, C., Kwasiborski, A., Marchand, J., & Ulmann, L. (2024) · Algal Research · doi:10.1016/j.algal.2024.103621 · Cited by 11
Thangaraj, S., Giordano, M., & Sun, J. (2020) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.578915 · Cited by 11
“, 2018), while PYK is involved in the lipid biosynthesis of diatoms (Ma et al., 2014).”
BackgroundScale‐Down: Simulating Large‐Scale Cultures in the Laboratory
Lara, A. R., Palomares, L. A., & Ramı́rez, O. T. (2016) · Industrial Biotechnology · doi:10.1002/9783527807833.ch2 · Cited by 11
Diatom triacylglycerol metabolism: from carbon fixation to lipid droplet degradation
Murison, V., Hérault, J., Marchand, J., & Ulmann, L. (2025) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/brv.70006 · Cited by 8
“Knockdown of the latter induces accumulation of NL in the cell (Ma et al ., 2014).”
Ma, X., Liu, B., Yang, B., Guo, B., Liu, J., & Chen, F. (2017) · Journal of Applied Phycology · doi:10.1007/s10811-017-1318-9 · Cited by 9
“Nannochloropsis salina was selected in this study because of its high lipid content and interesting fatty acid composition (Bellou and Aggelis 2012; Ma et al. 2014b).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationTrends in Synthetic Biology in the Bioeconomy of Non-Food-Competing Biofuels
Fantinel, A. L., Margis, R., Talamini, E., & Dewes, H. (2022) · SynBio · doi:10.3390/synbio1010003 · Cited by 6
Potential of Microalgae Biomass for the Sustainable Production of Bio-commodities
Perin, G., & Morosinotto, T. (2019) · Progress in botany · doi:10.1007/124_2019_30 · Cited by 7
Kayani, S., Hu, X., Shen, Q., Zou, B., Zhu, F., Yu, Z., Shah, M. A. R., Rehman, O. U., & Huo, S. (2025) · Critical Reviews in Biotechnology · doi:10.1080/07388551.2025.2503788 · Cited by 6
A comparison of lipid content metrics using six species from the genus Halamphora (Bacillariophyta)
Stepanek, J. G., Fields, F. J., & Kociolek, J. P. (2016) · Biofuels · doi:10.1080/17597269.2016.1163216 · Cited by 6
DHA- and EPA-rich oil from microalgae
Lupette, J. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-99196-4.00035-8 · Cited by 5
High-value products from microalgae—Unlocking the potential for large-scale commercialization
Kaur, M., Peshwani, H., & Goel, M. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-24110-9.00012-8 · Cited by 5
Kira, N., Yoshimatsu, T., Fukunaga, K., Okada, S., Adachi, M., & Kadono, T. (2016) · Environment Control in Biology · doi:10.2525/ecb.54.31 · Cited by 5
Vidya, D., & Arunkumar, K. (2022) · Clean Energy Production Technologies · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-0680-0_7 · Cited by 5
Chen, R.-S., Zhang, L., Wei, F.-J., Yuan, L.-Y., Zhao, P., Wang, H., & Gong, Y. (2021) · Journal of Applied Phycology · doi:10.1007/s10811-021-02471-7 · Cited by 4
“Genetic engineering methods such as gene overexpression and knockout have also been used to increase the lipid content of algae, but these approaches affect algal growth (Ma et al. 2014; Hamilton et al. 2015; Xue et al. 2015; Zou et al. 2018).”
MethodZhang, K., Tan, X., & Zhang, Q. (2024) · Microbial Ecology · doi:10.1007/s00248-024-02432-w · Cited by 4
“As the end product of glycolysis, pyruvate links glycolysis with TCA cycle and lipid biosynthesis, thus pyruvate is also considered a regulative metabolite for adjusting lipid biosynthesis [65, 66].”
BackgroundKhozin‐Goldberg, I., & Sayanova, O. V. (2019) · Grand challenges in biology and biotechnology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-25233-5_7 · Cited by 5
Biofuel production from renewable feedstocks: Progress through metabolic engineering
Das, M., Sarnaik, A. P., Patra, P., Varman, A. M., & Ghosh, A. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-88504-1.00004-2 · Cited by 4
Chansawang, N., Obara, B., Geider, R. J., & Laissue, P. P. (2015) · Springer protocols handbooks/Springer protocols · doi:10.1007/8623_2015_142 · Cited by 4
Li, Y., Yang, R., Pohnert, G., & Wei, D. (2025) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2025.167926 · Cited by 2
Microalgal farming for biofuel production: Extraction, conversion, and characterization
Mondal, S., Halder, S. K., & Mondal, K. C. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13927-7.00006-2 · Cited by 2
Metabolic engineering of microalgae: a review and future prospects
Chen, B., Zhao, X., & Bai, F. (2017) · Scientia Sinica Vitae · doi:10.1360/n052017-00087 · Cited by 1
Renewable Energy: The Past and the Future
Rahman, K. H. A., Yusof, S. J. H. M., & Ismail, K. S. K. (2022) · Green energy and technology · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-9314-4_10 · Cited by 2
Haider, S. M. A., Hussain, M., Majeed, K., Ahmed, U., Shafiq, I., & Akhter, P. (2025) · Waste and Biomass Valorization · doi:10.1007/s12649-025-03190-7 · Cited by 1
“Another experiment showed that antisense cDNA present in microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum was used in transgenic diatoms exhibiting putative pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PtPDK) characteristics [104].”
Metabolic Engineering Prospects for Enhanced Green Fuel Production by Microalgae
Sahoo, R. K., & Subudhi, E. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1586-2_16 · Cited by 1
Photosynthetic efficiency in microalgal lipid production
Remmers, I. M. (2017) · doi:10.18174/416933 · Cited by 1
Transcriptional Engineering for Enhancing Valuable Components in Photosynthetic Microalgae
Balamurugan, S., Li, D., Wang, X., Yang, W., Liu, J., & Li, H. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-9624-3_16
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Ma, Y.-H., Wang, X., Niu, Y.-F., Yang, Z.-K., Zhang, M.-H., Wang, Z.-M., Yang, W.-D., Liu, J.-S., & Li, H.-Y.
- Affiliations
- Jinan University (CN)
- Venue
- Microbial Cell Factories
- Published
- 2014-08-09
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 100-100
- ISSN
- 1475-2859 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4251698
- OpenAlex
- W2108487405
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 2.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Microbial Cell Factories (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Repository of Guangzhou Institute of Energy Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Keywords
- pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, diatoms, neutral lipid accumulation, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, antisense knockdown, microalgal lipid production, metabolic engineering, biofuels, fatty acid composition, acetyl-CoA
- MeSH terms
- Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase, RNA, Antisense, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Diatoms, Lipid Metabolism, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Microalgae, Metabolic Engineering
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