The DOI matches its Crossref record; 59 of the 59 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The combined impact of diet, physical activity, sleep and screen time on academic achievement: a prospective study of elementary school students in Nova Scotia, Canada
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated the independent associations of lifestyle behaviors (diet, physical activity, sleep, and screen time) and body weight status with academic achievement. Even fewer have investigated the combined effect of these behaviors on academic achievement. We hypothesize that the combined effect of these behaviors will have a higher impact on academic achievement than any behavior alone, or that of body weight status. METHODS: In 2011, 4253 grade 5 (10-11 years old) students and their parents were surveyed about the child's diet, physical activity, screen time and sleep. Students' heights and weights were measured by research assistants. Academic achievement was measured using provincial standardized exams in mathematics, reading and writing, and was expressed as 'meeting' or 'not meeting' expectations as per standardized criterion. Exams were written 1 year following the measurement of lifestyle behaviors. Lifestyle behaviors were measured with self- and parental proxy reports and expressed as meeting recommendations (yes/no) for each behavior. Mixed effects logistic regression models adjusting for demographic confounders and caloric intake were used to determine the independent and combined associations. RESULTS: Meeting dietary recommendations was associated with increased likelihood of meeting academic expectations for each of math, reading and writing. Meeting recommendations for screen time and sleep was associated with meeting expectations for writing. For all three subjects, meeting additional lifestyle behavior recommendations was associated with higher likelihood of meeting expectations. Children who met 7-9 lifestyle behavior recommendations had greater than three-times the odds of meeting expectations for reading compared to those who met 0-3 recommendations (OR: 3.07, 95% CI: 2.09, 4.51), and 1.47 and 2.77 times the odds of meeting expectations in mathematics and writing, respectively. Body weight status was not associated with academic achievement. CONCLUSIONS: We found that lifestyle behaviors, not body weight status, are strongly associated with student academic performance. Promoting compliance with established healthy lifestyle recommendations could improve both the health and educational outcomes of school-aged children. School-based health promotion initiatives that target multiple lifestyle behaviors may have a greater effect on academic achievement than those that focus on a single behavior.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“no prospective study has examined if the combination of several lifestyle habits such as screen time, studying time, employment status as well as eating and sleeping habits may predict cognitive control and academic performance during adolescence [41,42].”
From Lifestyle Habits Predict Academic Performance in High School Students: The Adolescent Student Academic Performance Longitudinal Study (ASAP) (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey
Cole, T. J. (2000) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7244.1240 · Cited by 16,588
Willett, W. C. (1998) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195122978.001.0001 · Cited by 4,541
Food consumption trends and drivers
Kearney, J. (2010) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0149 · Cited by 1,987
Donnelly, J. E., Hillman, C. H., Castelli, D., Etnier, J. L., Lee, S., Tomporowski, P., Lambourne, K., & Szabo-Reed, A. N. (2016) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000901 · Cited by 1,864
Effects of soft drink consumption on nutrition and health: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Vartanian, L. R., Schwartz, M. B., & Brownell, K. D. (2007) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2005.083782 · Cited by 1,863
Screen time and sleep among school-aged children and adolescents: a systematic literature review
Hale, L., & Guan, S. (2015) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2014.07.007 · Cited by 1,468
Luepker, R. V. (1996) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1996.03530340032026 · Cited by 1,023
Wagner, U., Gais, S., Haider, H., Verleger, R., & Born, J. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02223 · Cited by 1,012
Crocker, P. R. E., Bailey, D. A., Faulkner, R. A., Kowalski, K. C., & McGRATH, R. (1997) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-199710000-00011 · Cited by 1,009
Physical education, school physical activity, school sports and academic performance
Trudeau, F., & Shephard, R. J. (2008) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-5-10 · Cited by 879
Validation of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children
Kowalski, K. C., Crocker, P. R. E., & Faulkner, R. A. (1997) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.9.2.174 · Cited by 763
In search of lost sleep: secular trends in the sleep time of school-aged children and adolescents
Matricciani, L., Olds, T., & Petkov, J. (2012) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2011.03.005 · Cited by 698
Validation of a Youth/Adolescent Food Frequency Questionnaire
Rockett, H. R. H., Breitenbach, M., Frazier, A. L., Witschi, J. C., Wolf, A., Field, A. E., & Colditz, G. A. (1997) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1006/pmed.1997.0200 · Cited by 692
Fedewa, A. L., & Ahn, S. (2011) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2011.10599785 · Cited by 624
Canadian Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines for Children and Youth
Tremblay, M. S., LeBlanc, A. G., Janssen, I., Kho, M. E., Hicks, A. L., Murumets, K., Colley, R. C., & Duggan, M. (2011) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/h11-012 · Cited by 607
Effectiveness of School Programs in Preventing Childhood Obesity: A Multilevel Comparison
Veugelers, P. J., & Fitzgerald, A. L. (2005) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2004.045898 · Cited by 605
Self-citationSingh, A. (2012) · Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.716 · Cited by 604
Diet Quality and Academic Performance*
Florence, M. D., Asbridge, M., & Veugelers, P. J. (2008) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2008.00288.x · Cited by 475
Self-citationKamath, C. C., Vickers, K. S., Ehrlich, A., McGovern, L., Johnson, J., Singhal, V., Paulo, R., Hettinger, A., Erwin, P. J., & Montori, V. M. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-2411 · Cited by 395
Systematic review of physical activity and cognitive development in early childhood
Carson, V., Hunter, S., Kuzik, N., Wiebe, S. A., Spence, J. C., Friedman, A., Tremblay, M. S., Slater, L., & Hinkley, T. (2016) · Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2015.07.011 · Cited by 355
Nutrition and Student Performance at School
Taras, H. (2005) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2005.00025.x · Cited by 338
Physical activity and cognition in adolescents: A systematic review
Esteban-Cornejo, I., Tejero-Gonzalez, C. M., Sallis, J. F., & Veiga, O. L. (2015) · Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2014.07.007 · Cited by 336
School-Based Physical Activity Does Not Compromise Children's Academic Performance
AHAMED, Y., MACDONALD, H., REED, K., NAYLOR, P.-J., LIU-AMBROSE, T., & MCKAY, H. (2007) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000241654.45500.8e · Cited by 314
Association of Television Viewing During Childhood With Poor Educational Achievement
Hancox, R. J., Milne, B. J., & Poulton, R. (2005) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.159.7.614 · Cited by 277
Systematic review of sedentary behavior and cognitive development in early childhood
Carson, V., Kuzik, N., Hunter, S., Wiebe, S. A., Spence, J. C., Alinda Friedman, A., Tremblay, M. S., Slater, L., & Hinkley, T. (2015) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.07.016 · Cited by 267
Bradley, B. J., & Greene, A. C. (2013) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.01.008 · Cited by 253
Kristjánsson, Á. L., Sigfúsdóttir, I. D., & Allegrante, J. P. (2008) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/1090198107313481 · Cited by 250
School‐based obesity prevention programs: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Sobol‐Goldberg, S., Rabinowitz, J., & Gross, R. (2013) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20515 · Cited by 241
Validation of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children in Children of Different Races
Moore, J. B., Hanes, J. C., Barbeau, P., Gutin, B., Treviño, R. P., & Yin, Z. (2007) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.19.1.6 · Cited by 236
Fung, C., Kuhle, S., Lu, C. M., Purcell, M., Schwartz, M., Storey, K., & Veugelers, P. J. (2012) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-9-27 · Cited by 216
Self-citationNutrition and Student Performance at School
TARAS, H. L. (2005) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2005.tb06674.x · Cited by 215
Health behaviour and academic achievement in Icelandic school children
Sigfúsdóttir, I. D., Kristjánsson, Á. L., & Allegrante, J. P. (2006) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/cyl044 · Cited by 211
Is there an association between dietary intake and academic achievement: a systematic review
Burrows, T. L., Goldman, S., Pursey, K., & Lim, R. (2016) · Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1111/jhn.12407 · Cited by 210
Self-esteem and cognitive development in the era of the childhood obesity epidemic
Wang, F., & Veugelers, P. J. (2008) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2008.00507.x · Cited by 180
Self-citationLien, L., Lien, N., Heyerdahl, S., Thoresen, M., & Bjertness, E. (2006) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2004.059477 · Cited by 179
Sleep and Student Performance at School
TARAS, H. L., & Potts‐Datema, W. (2005) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2005.00033.x · Cited by 179
Sleep and student performance at school
Taras, H., & Potts-Datema, W. (2005) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2005.tb06685.x · Cited by 178
Prospective associations between dietary patterns and cognitive performance during adolescence
Nyaradi, A., Foster, J. K., Hickling, S., Li, J., Ambrosini, G. L., Jacques, A., & Oddy, W. H. (2014) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12209 · Cited by 132
Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and academic performance in Finnish children.
SYVÄOJA, H. J., KANTOMAA, M. T., AHONEN, T., HAKONEN, H., KANKAANPÄÄ, A., & TAMMELIN, T. H. (2013) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e318296d7b8 · Cited by 130
Physical A ctivity Q uestionnaire for children and adolescents: E nglish norms and cut‐off points
Voss, C., Ogunleye, A. A., & SANDERCOCK, G. R. H. (2013) · Pediatrics International · doi:10.1111/ped.12092 · Cited by 126
Stea, T. H., & Torstveit, M. K. (2014) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-829 · Cited by 124
Ickovics, J. R., Carroll‐Scott, A., Peters, S. M., Schwartz, M., Gilstad‐Hayden, K., & McCaslin, C. (2014) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/josh.12117 · Cited by 111
Hung, L.-S., Tidwell, D. K., Hall, M. E., Lee, M. L., Briley, C. A., & Hunt, B. P. (2015) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2015.01.002 · Cited by 102
Park, S., Sherry, B., Foti, K. E., & Blanck, H. M. (2012) · Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1016/j.jada.2011.08.045 · Cited by 90
Blunden, S. L., & Galland, B. C. (2014) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2014.01.002 · Cited by 80
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and academic performance in youth: the UP&DOWN study
Esteban‐Cornejo, I., Izquierdo‐Gómez, R., Gómez‐Martínez, S., Moledo, C. P., Castro‐Piñero, J., Marcos, A., & Veiga, Ó. L. (2015) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-015-0927-9 · Cited by 77
Kretchmar, R. S. (2008) · The Elementary School Journal · doi:10.1086/529099 · Cited by 63
Potential Health and Economic Consequences of Misplaced Priorities
Woolf, S. H. (2007) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.297.5.523 · Cited by 63
What Lies Behind Gender Inequality in Education?
OECD (2015) · PISA in focus · doi:10.1787/5js4xffhhc30-en · Cited by 58
Food Intake and Academic PerformanceAmong Adolescents
MacLellan, D., Taylor, J. P., & Wood, K. (2008) · Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research · doi:10.3148/69.3.2008.141 · Cited by 55
The Relations Between Sleep, Personality, Behavioral Problems, and School Performance in Adolescents
Schmidt, R. E., & der Linden, M. V. (2015) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2015.02.007 · Cited by 48
Chung, Y., Park, C. H., Kwon, H.-K., Park, Y., Kim, Y. S., Doo, J., Shin, D.-H., Jung, E., Oh, M., & Chae, S. (2011) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2011.05.017 · Cited by 43
Pindus, D. M., Moore, R. D., Hillman, C. H., Bandelow, S., Hogervorst, E., Biddle, S., & Sherar, L. B. (2014) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-014-0612-2 · Cited by 40
Correa‐Burrows, P., Burrows, R. A., Orellana, Y. Z., & Ivanovic, D. M. (2014) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980014002602 · Cited by 38
Sleep and academic success: mechanisms, empirical evidence, and interventional strategies.
Gruber, R., Wiebe, S. T., Wells, S. A., Cassoff, J., & Monson, E. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 34
Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids improve cognitive development.
Willatts, P. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 34
Hillman, C. H. (2014) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.1111/mono.12127 · Cited by 27
Gruber, R., Wiebe, S. T., Wells, S. A., Cassoff, J., & Monson, E. (2005) · American Academy of Pediatrics eBooks · doi:10.1542/9781581105803-sleep · Cited by 2
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- World Health Organization. Guideline: sugars intake for adults and children. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Walsh, J. J., Barnes, J. D., Cameron, J. D., Goldfield, G. S., Chaput, J.-P., Gunnell, K. E., Ledoux, A.-A., Zemek, R. L., & Tremblay, M. S. (2018) · The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s2352-4642(18)30278-5 · Cited by 264
Martin, A., Booth, J. N., Laird, Y., Sproule, J., Reilly, J. J., & Saunders, D. H. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009728.pub4 · Cited by 250
Wu, X., Zhuang, L. H., Li, W., Guo, H., Zhang, J. H., Zhao, Y. K., Hu, J. W., Gao, Q., Luo, S., Öhinmaa, A., et al. (2019) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-019-02162-4 · Cited by 191
Self-citationMartin, A., Booth, J. N., Laird, Y., Sproule, J., Reilly, J. J., & Saunders, D. H. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009728.pub3 · Cited by 178
Screen time as an index of family distress
Hartshorne, J. K., Huang, Y. T., Paredes, P. M. L., Oppenheimer, K. E., Robbins, P. T., & Velasco, M. D. (2021) · Current Research in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.crbeha.2021.100023 · Cited by 115
Metadata
- Authors
- Faught, E. L., Ekwaru, J. P., Gleddie, D., Storey, K. E., Asbridge, M., & Veugelers, P. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Dalhousie University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Veugelers, Paul J.
- Venue
- International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
- Published
- 2017-03-09
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 29-29
- ISSN
- 1479-5868 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5343372
- OpenAlex
- W2594686157
- Cited by
- 150
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 15.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Alberta Innovates - Health Solutions (CA) (201300671)
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute (CA)
- Canada Research Chairs
- Alberta Research Chair
- Institute of Population and Public Health (93860)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Health and Lifestyle Studies
- Keywords
- academic performance, diet, physical activity, sleep, screen time, lifestyle habits, weight status, elementary school students, school health promotion, child health, Nova Scotia
- MeSH terms
- Achievement, Body Weight, Child, Diet, Educational Status, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Life Style, Male, Nova Scotia, Parents, Prospective Studies, Sleep, Students, Television, Exercise
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
