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Cited by 111Exercise and Physiological ResponsesMuscle metabolism and nutritionSports Performance and Training

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Effects of powdered Montmorency tart cherry supplementation on acute endurance exercise performance in aerobically trained individuals

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Levers, Kyle, Dalton, Ryan, Galvan, Elfego, O’Connor, Abigail, Goodenough, Chelsea, Simbo, Sunday, Mertens-Talcott, Susanne U., Rasmussen, Christopher, Greenwood, Mike, Riechman, Steven, Crouse, Stephen, Kreider, Richard B.·2016·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
DOI 10.1186/s12970-016-0133-zPMC PMC4880859
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine whether short-term supplementation of a powdered tart cherry supplement prior to and following stressful endurance exercise would affect markers of muscle damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, and/or muscle soreness. METHODS: 27 endurance-trained runners or triathlete (21.8 ± 3.9 years, 15.0 ± 6.0 % body fat, 67.4 ± 11.8 kg) men (n = 18) and women (n = 9) were matched based on average reported race pace, age, body mass, and fat free mass. Subjects were randomly assigned to ingest, in a double-blind manner, capsules containing 480 mg of a rice flour placebo (P, n = 16) or powdered tart cherries [CherryPURE®] (TC, n = 11). Subjects supplemented one time daily (480 mg/day) for 10-d, including race day, up to 48-hr post-run. Subjects completed a half-marathon run (21.1 km) under 2-hr (111.98 ± 11.9 min). Fasting blood samples and quadriceps muscle soreness ratings using an algometer with a graphic pain rating scale were taken pre-run, 60-min, 24 and 48-h post-run and analyzed by MANOVA with repeated measures. RESULTS: Subjects in the TC group averaged 13 % faster half-marathon race finish times (p = 0.001) and tended to have smaller deviations from predicted race pace (p = 0.091) compared to P. Attenuations in TC muscle catabolic markers were reported over time for creatinine (p = 0.047), urea/blood urea nitrogen (p = 0.048), total protein (p = 0.081), and cortisol (p = 0.016) compared to P. Despite lower antioxidant activity pre-run in TC compared to P, changes from pre-run levels revealed a linear increase in antioxidant activity at 24 and 48-h of recovery in TC that was statistically different (16-39 %) from P and pre-run levels. Inflammatory markers were 47 % lower in TC compared to P over time (p = 0.053) coupled with a significant difference between groups (p = 0.017). Soreness perception between the groups was different over time in the medial quadriceps (p = 0.035) with 34 % lower pre-run soreness in TC compared to P. Over the 48-h recovery period, P changes in medial quadriceps soreness from pre-run measures were smaller compared to TC. CONCLUSION: Results revealed that short-term supplementation of Montmorency powdered tart cherries surrounding an endurance challenge attenuated markers of muscle catabolism, reduced immune and inflammatory stress, better maintained redox balance, and increased performance in aerobically trained individuals.

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Figures

Fig. 1 Consort diagram breakdown of the subject population from recruitment to data analysis
Fig. 1 Consort diagram breakdown of the subject population from recruitment to data analysisCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 2 Experimental study design. DEXA dual-energy X-Ray absorptiometer, MVC maximal voluntary contraction, 1-RM 1-repetition maximum, NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, GPRS graphic pain rating scale, 7-d 7-day, 48-h 48-hour
Fig. 2 Experimental study design. DEXA dual-energy X-Ray absorptiometer, MVC maximal voluntary contraction, 1-RM 1-repetition maximum, NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, GPRS graphic pain rating scale, 7-d 7-day, 48-h 48-hourCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 3 Secondary indices of muscle damage and protein catabolism. Data expressed as means ± SE and significance indicated by the following super/subscripts: * indicates p <0.05 p-level significance, § indicates p <0.10 p-level significance. LSD post hoc analysis is indicated by the following superscripts: ^ represents p <0.05 difference between groups, Ψ represents p <0.05 difference from pre-run, ◊ represents p <0.05 difference from 60-min post, # represents p <0.05 difference from 24-hr post
Fig. 3 Secondary indices of muscle damage and protein catabolism. Data expressed as means ± SE and significance indicated by the following super/subscripts: * indicates p <0.05 p-level significance, § indicates p <0.10 p-level significance. LSD post hoc analysis is indicated by the following superscripts: ^ represents p <0.05 difference between groups, Ψ represents p <0.05 difference from pre-run, ◊ represents p <0.05 difference from 60-min post, # represents p <0.05 difference from 24-hr postCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 4 Markers of protein catabolism and physiological stress. Data expressed as means ± SE and significance indicated by the following super/subscripts: * indicates p <0.05 p-level significance, § indicates p <0.10 p-level significance. LSD post hoc analysis is indicated by the following superscripts: ^ represents p <0.05 difference between groups, Ψ represents p <0.05 difference from pre-run, ◊ represents p <0.05 difference from 60-min post, # represents p <0.05 difference from 24-hr post
Fig. 4 Markers of protein catabolism and physiological stress. Data expressed as means ± SE and significance indicated by the following super/subscripts: * indicates p <0.05 p-level significance, § indicates p <0.10 p-level significance. LSD post hoc analysis is indicated by the following superscripts: ^ represents p <0.05 difference between groups, Ψ represents p <0.05 difference from pre-run, ◊ represents p <0.05 difference from 60-min post, # represents p <0.05 difference from 24-hr postCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 5 Changes in antioxidant activity with supplementation and endurance exercise. Data expressed as means ± SE and significance indicated by the following super/subscripts: * indicates p <0.05 p-level significance, § indicates p <0.10 p-level significance. LSD post hoc analysis is indicated by the following superscripts: ^ represents p <0.05 difference between groups, Ψ represents p <0.05 difference from pre-run, ◊ represents p <0.05 difference from 60-min post, # represents p <0.05 difference from 24-hr post
Fig. 5 Changes in antioxidant activity with supplementation and endurance exercise. Data expressed as means ± SE and significance indicated by the following super/subscripts: * indicates p <0.05 p-level significance, § indicates p <0.10 p-level significance. LSD post hoc analysis is indicated by the following superscripts: ^ represents p <0.05 difference between groups, Ψ represents p <0.05 difference from pre-run, ◊ represents p <0.05 difference from 60-min post, # represents p <0.05 difference from 24-hr postCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 6 Influence of supplementation and endurance exercise on markers of the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory response. Data expressed as means ± SE and significance indicated by the following super/subscripts: * indicates p <0.05 p-level significance, § indicates p <0.10 p-level significance. LSD post hoc analysis is indicated by the following superscripts: ^ represents p <0.05 difference between groups, Ψ represents p <0.05 difference from pre-run, ◊ represents p <0.05 difference from 60-min post, # represents p <0.05 difference from 24-hr post
Fig. 6 Influence of supplementation and endurance exercise on markers of the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory response. Data expressed as means ± SE and significance indicated by the following super/subscripts: * indicates p <0.05 p-level significance, § indicates p <0.10 p-level significance. LSD post hoc analysis is indicated by the following superscripts: ^ represents p <0.05 difference between groups, Ψ represents p <0.05 difference from pre-run, ◊ represents p <0.05 difference from 60-min post, # represents p <0.05 difference from 24-hr postCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 7 Perceptions of muscle soreness. Data expressed as means ± SE and significance indicated by the following super/subscripts: * indicates p <0.05 p-level significance, § indicates p <0.10 p-level significance. LSD post hoc analysis is indicated by the following superscripts: ^ represents p <0.05 difference between groups, Ψ represents p <0.05 difference from pre-run, ◊ represents p <0.05 difference from 60-min post, # represents p <0.05 difference from 24-hr post
Fig. 7 Perceptions of muscle soreness. Data expressed as means ± SE and significance indicated by the following super/subscripts: * indicates p <0.05 p-level significance, § indicates p <0.10 p-level significance. LSD post hoc analysis is indicated by the following superscripts: ^ represents p <0.05 difference between groups, Ψ represents p <0.05 difference from pre-run, ◊ represents p <0.05 difference from 60-min post, # represents p <0.05 difference from 24-hr postCC BY · PubMed Central

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Lafay S, 2009, J Sports Sci Med, 8, 468
  2. Almada A, Kreider R, Ransom J, Rasmussen C. Comparison of the reliability of repeated whole body DEXA scans to repeated spine and hip scans. J Bone Miner Res. 1999;14(9):S369.
  3. Skarpanska-Stejnborn A, 2009, Int J Sport Nutr, 19, 186

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Metadata

Authors
Levers, K., Dalton, R., Galvan, E., O’Connor, A., Goodenough, C., Simbo, S., Mertens-Talcott, S. U., Rasmussen, C., Greenwood, M., Riechman, S., Crouse, S., & Kreider, R. B.
Affiliations
  • Texas A&M University (US)
  • Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Institute for Obesity Research and Program EvaluationTexas A&M University 77843-4243 College Station TX USA
Corresponding author
Kreider, Richard B.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2016-01-05
Volume
13
Issue
1
Pages
22-22
ISSN
1550-2783 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s12970-016-0133-z
PMC
PMC4880859
OpenAlex
W2404670370
Cited by
111
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8
FWCI
11.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • OakTrust (Texas A&M University Libraries) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Anderson Global Group (M1301858)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Keywords
acute endurance exercise, half marathon, exercise performance, muscle damage, delayed onset muscle soreness, oxidative stress, antioxidant activity, inflammation, cortisol, creatine kinase, blood urea nitrogen, endurance-trained runners, triathletes, muscle catabolism
MeSH terms
Prunus avium, Adolescent, Adult, Antioxidants, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Immunity, Inflammation, Male, Phytotherapy, Oxidation-Reduction, Physical Endurance, Placebos, Running, Biomarkers, Muscle, Skeletal, Dietary Supplements, Quadriceps Muscle, Young Adult, Myalgia

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