Cited by 298Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsOral microbiology and periodontitis researchNeurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments

Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide induces cognitive dysfunction, mediated by neuronal inflammation via activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway in C57BL/6 mice

Open access
Zhang, Jing, Yu, Chunbo, Zhang, Xuan, Chen, Huiwen, Dong, Jiachen, Lu, Weili, Song, Zhongchen, Zhou, Wei·2018·Journal of Neuroinflammation

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P. gingivalis-LPS) is one of the major pathogenic factors of chronic periodontitis (CP). Few reports on the correlation between P. gingivalis-LPS and cognitive function exist. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of P. gingivalis-LPS on cognitive function and the associated underlying mechanism in C57BL/6 mice. METHODS: ). After 7 days, behavioral alterations were assessed with the open field test (OFT), Morris water maze (MWM) test, and passive avoidance test (PAT). The activation of astrocytes and microglia in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of mice was observed by immunohistochemistry. The expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8), TLRs (TLR2, TLR3, and TLR4), and CD14 and the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway (IRAK1, p65, and p-p65) in the cerebral cortex of the mice were evaluated by RT-PCR, ELISA, and western blot. RESULTS: The OFT showed that P. gingivalis-LPS did not affect the initiative and activity of mice. Administration of P. gingivalis-LPS significantly impaired spatial learning and memory during the MWM test and attenuated the ability of passive avoidance learning during the PAT. Both astrocytes and microglia were activated in the cortex and hippocampus. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) was upregulated by P. gingivalis-LPS in the cortex. In addition, the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway was activated (TLR4, CD14, IRAK1, and p-p65). These effects were effectively alleviated by TAK-242. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of P. gingivalis-LPS can lead to learning and memory impairment in C57BL/6 mice. This impairment is mediated by activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway. Our study suggests that P. gingivalis-LPS-induced neuroinflammation plays an important role in cognitive impairment. It also reveals that endotoxins of periodontal pathogens could represent a risk factor for cognitive disorders.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1186/s12974-017-1052-x

Cites

43 of 43 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Chronic oral application of Porphyromonas gingivalis or injection of P. gingivalis LPS results in brain inflammation and neurodegeneration in wild-type mice.

    “Chronic oral application of P. gingivalis or injection of P. gingivalis LPS results in brain inflammation and neurodegeneration in wild-type mice [70, 89].”

    From The endotoxin hypothesis of neurodegeneration (2019) · cites this paper as [89]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Zhang, J., Yu, C., Zhang, X., Chen, H., Dong, J., Lu, W., Song, Z., & Zhou, W.
Affiliations
Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
Corresponding author
  • Song, Zhongchen
  • Zhou, Wei
Venue
Journal of Neuroinflammation
Published
2018-02-09
Volume
15
Issue
1
Pages
37-37
ISSN
1742-2094 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2802436906
Cited by
297
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 22 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 5
FWCI
9.90
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Journal of Neuroinflammation (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (81670992, 81273519)
  • Shanghai Summit & Plateau Disciplines (20152523)
  • Chinese Stomatological Association (CSAY2015-01)
  • Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai JiaoTong University (YG2015MS07, YG2015MS04)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Keywords
Porphyromonas gingivalis, lipopolysaccharide, cognitive impairment, neuroinflammation, TLR4 signaling, NF-κB signaling, chronic periodontitis, spatial learning and memory, passive avoidance learning, astrocyte activation, microglial activation, inflammatory cytokines, TAK-242, periodontal pathogens, endotoxin
MeSH terms
Animals, Inflammation, Lipopolysaccharides, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Random Allocation, Sulfonamides, Signal Transduction, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Maze Learning, Toll-Like Receptor 4, Mice, Cognitive Dysfunction

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review