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Maternal inhalation of carbon black nanoparticles induces neurodevelopmental changes in mouse offspring

Umezawa, Masakazu, Onoda, Atsuto, Korshunova, Irina, Jensen, Alexander C. Ø., Koponen, Ismo K., Jensen, Keld A., Khodosevich, Konstantin, Vogel, Ulla, Hougaard, Karin S.·2018·Particle and Fibre Toxicology
DOI 10.1186/s12989-018-0272-2PMC PMC6131790
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Fig. 1 Average particle size distributions measured by the ELPI+ for the low and high exposure groups (sham exposure level for control animals not shown)
Fig. 1 Average particle size distributions measured by the ELPI+ for the low and high exposure groups (sham exposure level for control animals not shown)CC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 2 Relative Saa3 mRNA levels in lungs from time-mated mice exposed to Printex 90 by inhalation, at PND 9 and PND 26–27 (corresponding to 11 and 28–29 days after termination of exposure). Expression of mRNA was normalized to 18S rRNA
Fig. 2 Relative Saa3 mRNA levels in lungs from time-mated mice exposed to Printex 90 by inhalation, at PND 9 and PND 26–27 (corresponding to 11 and 28–29 days after termination of exposure). Expression of mRNA was normalized to 18S rRNACC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 3 Maternal exposure to Printex 90 carbon nanoparticles affects astrocytes and perivascular macrophages (PVMs) in the offspring cerebral cortex (n = 4–6). a-b show representative light micrographs of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes and PVMs in the cerebral cortices of 6 week old male offspring in the control (a-c, j), low exposure (d-f), and high exposure groups (g-i, k, l). a, d and g gives an overview of the cerebral cortex, with b, e, and h providing enlarged views hereof, respectively, which is further enlarged in c, f, and i, respectively. These enlarged panels were taken from the same location in all brains. c, f, and i show that the expression levels of GFAP around blood vessels are dose-dependently increased by maternal exposure to carbon black nanoparticles. j and k show representative light micrographs of granules in PVMs of 6 week old male offspring in the control and high exposure groups, respectively. l is an enlarged view of panel k. White arrows indicate normal granules and black arrow indicates enlarged granules of PVMs. l shows that the granules in PVMs next to GFAP positive astrocytes are enlarged. Enlarged granules represent a typical histopathological finding following denaturation of PVMs
Fig. 3 Maternal exposure to Printex 90 carbon nanoparticles affects astrocytes and perivascular macrophages (PVMs) in the offspring cerebral cortex (n = 4–6). a-b show representative light micrographs of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes and PVMs in the cerebral cortices of 6 week old male offspring in the control (a-c, j), low exposure (d-f), and high exposure groups (g-i, k, l). a, d and g gives an overview of the cerebral cortex, with b, e, and h providing enlarged views hereof, respectively, which is further enlarged in c, f, and i, respectively. These enlarged panels were taken from the same location in all brains. c, f, and i show that the expression levels of GFAP around blood vessels are dose-dependently increased by maternal exposure to carbon black nanoparticles. j and k show representative light micrographs of granules in PVMs of 6 week old male offspring in the control and high exposure groups, respectively. l is an enlarged view of panel k. White arrows indicate normal granules and black arrow indicates enlarged granules of PVMs. l shows that the granules in PVMs next to GFAP positive astrocytes are enlarged. Enlarged granules represent a typical histopathological finding following denaturation of PVMsCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 4 Maternal exposure to Printex 90 carbon nanoparticles dose-dependently increases expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in astrocytes in the offspring cerebral cortex. a, b, d, e, g and h show representative fluorescent micrographs of GFAP-positive astrocytes in the cerebral cortices of 6 week old male offspring in the control (a, b), low exposure (d, e), and high exposure groups (g, h). a, d and g gives an overview of the cerebral cortex, with b, e, and h providing enlarged views hereof, respectively. c, f, and i are grayscale views of b, e, and h, respectively, for quantification of the GFAP expression. j indicates averages of the expression area of GFAP-positive astrocytes in the cerebral cortices of offspring based on the grayscale views provided in [Additional files 3, 4 and 5], and shows that the maternal exposure to the nanoparticles significantly increases expression levels of GFAP in astrocytes in offspring cerebral cortices. N is the number of brains analysed, mean ± SEM
Fig. 4 Maternal exposure to Printex 90 carbon nanoparticles dose-dependently increases expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in astrocytes in the offspring cerebral cortex. a, b, d, e, g and h show representative fluorescent micrographs of GFAP-positive astrocytes in the cerebral cortices of 6 week old male offspring in the control (a, b), low exposure (d, e), and high exposure groups (g, h). a, d and g gives an overview of the cerebral cortex, with b, e, and h providing enlarged views hereof, respectively. c, f, and i are grayscale views of b, e, and h, respectively, for quantification of the GFAP expression. j indicates averages of the expression area of GFAP-positive astrocytes in the cerebral cortices of offspring based on the grayscale views provided in [Additional files 3, 4 and 5], and shows that the maternal exposure to the nanoparticles significantly increases expression levels of GFAP in astrocytes in offspring cerebral cortices. N is the number of brains analysed, mean ± SEMCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 5 Maternal exposure to Printex 90 carbon nanoparticles dose-dependently increases expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in astrocytes in the offspring hippocampus. a, b, d, e, g and h show representative fluorescent micrographs of GFAP-positive astrocytes in the hippocampi of 6 week old male offspring in the control (a, b), low exposure (d, e), and high exposure group (g, h). a, d and g gives an overview of the hippocampus, with b, e, and h providing enlarged views of panels a, d, and g, respectively. c, f, and i are grayscale views of b, e, and h, respectively, for quantification of GFAP expression. j indicates averages of the expression area of GFAP-positive astrocytes in the hippocampus of offspring based on grayscale views provided in [Additional files 6, 7 and 8], and shows that maternal exposure to the nanoparticles significantly increases expression levels of GFAP of astrocytes in the hippocampus. N is the number of brains analysed, mean ± SEM
Fig. 5 Maternal exposure to Printex 90 carbon nanoparticles dose-dependently increases expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in astrocytes in the offspring hippocampus. a, b, d, e, g and h show representative fluorescent micrographs of GFAP-positive astrocytes in the hippocampi of 6 week old male offspring in the control (a, b), low exposure (d, e), and high exposure group (g, h). a, d and g gives an overview of the hippocampus, with b, e, and h providing enlarged views of panels a, d, and g, respectively. c, f, and i are grayscale views of b, e, and h, respectively, for quantification of GFAP expression. j indicates averages of the expression area of GFAP-positive astrocytes in the hippocampus of offspring based on grayscale views provided in [Additional files 6, 7 and 8], and shows that maternal exposure to the nanoparticles significantly increases expression levels of GFAP of astrocytes in the hippocampus. N is the number of brains analysed, mean ± SEMCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 6 Maternal exposure to Printex 90 carbon nanoparticles affects parvalbumin (PV) expressing interneurons in the cortex. a-f: The density of PV interneurons is changed in the prefrontal (PFC) and motor (MT) cortices of the offspring following maternal exposure to carbon black (only control (CO) and high (HI) exposure groups investigated). a and b show an overview of the PFC and MT regions, respectively, which have been used for quantifications of PV interneurons. In both panels, the dashed line indicates separation of the upper (up; L1-L3) and lower (low; L4–6) cortical layers. c and d show that the density of PV interneurons in the PFC is decreased in both PND 25 and PND 120 offspring, respectively. The upper and lower layers of the PFC are similarly affected. e and f: The density of PV interneurons in the MT is affected by the maternal exposure. At PND 25 (e), there is an increase in the density of PV interneurons in the upper layers and a trend towards decrease (p = 0.078) in the lower layers at the highest maternal exposure level. At PND 120 (f) both upper and lower layers exhibit similar decreases in the density of PV interneurons. In all quantifications, the density of PV interneurons in control mice was normalized to 1 and the exposure group was normalized to the corresponding controls. N is the number of brains analysed. Mean ± SD. g-h: Expression of PV is decreased in the MT of maternally particle exposed offspring. g shows representative images of PV interneurons that were acquired without saturating the fluorescence signal. h shows that in prenatally exposed offspring PV interneurons have a dramatically decreased expression of PV both at PND 25 and PND 120. N denotes the number of cells measured
Fig. 6 Maternal exposure to Printex 90 carbon nanoparticles affects parvalbumin (PV) expressing interneurons in the cortex. a-f: The density of PV interneurons is changed in the prefrontal (PFC) and motor (MT) cortices of the offspring following maternal exposure to carbon black (only control (CO) and high (HI) exposure groups investigated). a and b show an overview of the PFC and MT regions, respectively, which have been used for quantifications of PV interneurons. In both panels, the dashed line indicates separation of the upper (up; L1-L3) and lower (low; L4–6) cortical layers. c and d show that the density of PV interneurons in the PFC is decreased in both PND 25 and PND 120 offspring, respectively. The upper and lower layers of the PFC are similarly affected. e and f: The density of PV interneurons in the MT is affected by the maternal exposure. At PND 25 (e), there is an increase in the density of PV interneurons in the upper layers and a trend towards decrease (p = 0.078) in the lower layers at the highest maternal exposure level. At PND 120 (f) both upper and lower layers exhibit similar decreases in the density of PV interneurons. In all quantifications, the density of PV interneurons in control mice was normalized to 1 and the exposure group was normalized to the corresponding controls. N is the number of brains analysed. Mean ± SD. g-h: Expression of PV is decreased in the MT of maternally particle exposed offspring. g shows representative images of PV interneurons that were acquired without saturating the fluorescence signal. h shows that in prenatally exposed offspring PV interneurons have a dramatically decreased expression of PV both at PND 25 and PND 120. N denotes the number of cells measuredCC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 7 Maternal exposure to carbon black nanoparticles affects behaviour in the open field test during a 3 min observation period in male and female offspring. a shows the total ambulation during the 3 min test period where, overall, exposed offspring moved a longer distance than control offspring. b shows time spent in the central zone of field, where prenatally exposed offspring overall spent significantly longer time than exposed offspring. c shows the number of visits to the central zone, showing that prenatally exposed offspring visited the central zone more frequently than frequently than control offspring. d gives the velocity of ambulation. Mean ± SEM, n = 9–13
Fig. 7 Maternal exposure to carbon black nanoparticles affects behaviour in the open field test during a 3 min observation period in male and female offspring. a shows the total ambulation during the 3 min test period where, overall, exposed offspring moved a longer distance than control offspring. b shows time spent in the central zone of field, where prenatally exposed offspring overall spent significantly longer time than exposed offspring. c shows the number of visits to the central zone, showing that prenatally exposed offspring visited the central zone more frequently than frequently than control offspring. d gives the velocity of ambulation. Mean ± SEM, n = 9–13CC BY · PubMed Central

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Umezawa, M., Onoda, A., Korshunova, I., Jensen, A. C. Ø., Koponen, I. K., Jensen, K. A., Khodosevich, K., Vogel, U., & Hougaard, K. S.
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Particle and Fibre Toxicology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2018-09-10
Volume
15
Issue
1
ISSN
1743-8977
DOI
10.1186/s12989-018-0272-2
PMC
PMC6131790
Cited by
74
References
16
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (tdm)
Funders
  • Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities (S1101015)
  • Working Environment Research Fund (20110092173 3)
  • Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Research Fellow (15J05718)
  • Hallas Moeller Investigator Grant (NNF16OC0019920)
  • Agnes og Poul Friis Fond (1208011)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Maternal inhalation of carbon black nanoparticles induces neurodevelopmental changes in mouse offspring. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1186/s12989-018-0272-2
The paper
Umezawa, M., Onoda, A., Korshunova, I., Jensen, A. C. Ø., Koponen, I. K., Jensen, K. A., Khodosevich, K., Vogel, U., & Hougaard, K. S. (2018). Maternal inhalation of carbon black nanoparticles induces neurodevelopmental changes in mouse offspring. Particle and Fibre Toxicology. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12989-018-0272-2