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Virtual reality exposure therapy for adolescents with fear of public speaking: a non-randomized feasibility and pilot study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Public Speaking Anxiety (PSA) is a common anxiety with onset in adolescence and early adulthood. With the advent of consumer virtual reality (VR) technology, VR-delivered exposure therapy is now a scalable and practical treatment option and has previously been shown to be efficacious with adults. In this non-randomized feasibility and pilot trial, we explore the effect of one-session (90 min) VR-delivered exposure therapy for adolescents (aged 13-16) with PSA. METHODS: A total of 27 adolescents were recruited from Norwegian high schools and completed self-report measures of PSA twice prior to treatment, 1 week after treatment, and at 1 and 3 month follow-up. Heart rate was recorded during the treatment session. A low-cost head-mounted VR display with a custom-built VR stimuli material depicting a cultural and age appropriate classroom and audience were used when a series of speech (exposure exercises) were performed. RESULTS: = 1.53) pre-post treatment, and improvements were maintained at follow-ups. Physiological data revealed a small increase in heart rate during exposure tasks. Based on feedback from the adolescents, the feasibility of the intervention was increased during the trial. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that low-cost, consumer VR hardware can be used to deliver efficacious treatment for PSA in adolescents, in a feasible one-session format.
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“some studies have specifically adapted and successfully applied VRET for adolescents with anxiety (Kahlon et al., 2019; Sülter et al., 2022).”
From Virtual Reality exposure therapy in the treatment of public speaking anxiety and social anxiety disorder (2024) · cites this paper as Kahlon et al., 2019
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“this treatment works across age groups [8]”
From Experiences of gamified and automated virtual reality exposure therapy for spider phobia: qualitative study (2020) · cites this paper as [8]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kahlon, S., Lindner, P., & Nordgreen, T.
- Affiliations
- Haukeland University Hospital (NO)
- Stockholm University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Kahlon, Smiti
- Venue
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health
- Published
- 2019-12
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 47-47
- ISSN
- 1753-2000 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6933883
- OpenAlex
- W2997613705
- Cited by
- 130
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 12.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Norges Forskningsråd (259293)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- virtual reality exposure therapy, public speaking anxiety, social anxiety, adolescents, single-session intervention, heart rate, treatment feasibility
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