Applying human-centered design to maximize acceptability, feasibility, and usability of mobile technology supervision in Kenya: A mixed methods pilot study protocol
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Abstract
Background: Although research continues to support task-shifting as an effective model of delivering evidence-based practices (EBPs), little scholarship has focused how to scale up and sustain task-shifting in low- and middle-income countries, including how to sustainably supervise lay counselors. Ongoing supervision is critical to ensure EBPs are delivered with fidelity; however, the resources and expertise required to provide ongoing supervision may limit the potential to scale up and sustain task shifting. Opportunities may exist to leverage mobile technology to replace or supplement in-person supervision in low-resource contexts, but contextual variables, such as network connectivity and lay counselor preferences surrounding mobile technology, must be examined and considered when designing and implementing mobile technology supervision. Methods: This study builds from an existing randomized trial in Kenya, wherein teachers and community health volunteers have been trained to provide trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy as lay counselors. The study will use an iterative and mixed methods approach, with qualitative interviews and a Human-Centered Design (HCD) workshop informing a non-randomized pilot trial. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted with lay counselors and supervisors to understand how mobile technology is currently being used for supervision and determine the barriers and facilitators to mobile technology supervision. Data from these interviews will inform an HCD workshop, where lay counselors and supervisors “re-design” supervision to most effectively leverage mobile technology. Workshop participants will also participate in focus groups to gather perceptions on the use of HCD techniques. The final outcome of the workshop will be a set of refined workflows, which will be tested in a mixed method, nonrandomized pilot with newly trained lay counselors and existing supervisors. The pilot trial will evaluate the acceptability, feasibility, and usability of mobile technology supervision through self-report questionnaires as well as perceptions of effectiveness through qualitative interviews with a subset of lay counselors and all supervisors. Discussion: This study will provide a launching point for future research on supervision and methods to engage stakeholders to design and tailor interventions and implementation supports to fit low-resourced contexts. Trial registration: The parent trial from which this study builds was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on August 9, 2017 ( NCT03243396 ).
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Mobile health technology is a promising but understudied tool to support providers and supervisors under task-shifting models.
“Mobile health technology is a promising but understudied tool to support providers and supervisors under task-shifting models (Naslund et al., 2019; Triplett et al., 2021).”
From Mobile technology and task shifting to improve access to alcohol treatment services in Mozambique (2022) · cites this paper as Triplett et al., 2021
Human-centered designs are known to increase the acceptability and relevance of technology.
“This approach is consistent with human-centered designs known to increase acceptability and relevance of technology (Triplett et al., 2021).”
From Mobile technology and task shifting to improve access to alcohol treatment services in Mozambique (2022) · cites this paper as Triplett et al., 2021
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Mobile technology and task shifting to improve access to alcohol treatment services in Mozambique
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- Authors
- Triplett, N. S., Munson, S., Mbwayo, A., Mutavi, T., Weiner, B. J., Collins, P., Amanya, C., & Dorsey, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- University of Nairobi (KE)
- Action in the Community Environment (KE)
- Corresponding author
- Triplett, Noah S.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Implementation Science Communications
- Published
- 2021-01-07
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 2-2
- ISSN
- 2662-2211 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7792108
- OpenAlex
- W3120739402
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 5.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Implementation Science Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (F31MH124328, R01MH112633)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › ICT in Developing Communities
- Keywords
- human-centered design, task shifting, lay counselors, trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, community health volunteers, scalability and sustainability, resource-limited settings, network connectivity, usability and acceptability, stakeholder engagement, Kenya
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