Exercise training-induced lowering of inflammatory (CD14+CD16+) monocytes: a role in the anti-inflammatory influence of exercise?
Abstract
Exercise training or higher levels of physical activity are known to exert anti-inflammatory effects. CD14+CD16+ monocytes are potent producers of inflammatory proteins, and elevated levels of these “inflammatory” monocytes have been implicated in disease development. Little is known about the influence of exercise training on this cell population. On the basis of their physical activity pattern, male and female subjects, 65–80 years old, were assigned to a physically active (PA; n=15) or inactive (PI; n=15) group. The PI group performed 12 weeks (3 days/week) of endurance (20 min at 70–80% heart-rate reserve) and resistance exercise training (eight exercises, two sets at 70–80% of one repetition maximum). Subjects in the PA group maintained their habitual activity level. Flow cytometry was used to determine monocyte phenotype and monocyte TLR4 expression. ELISAs were used to measure whole blood, LPS-stimulated TNF-α production, and serum C-reactive protein (CRP). At baseline, the PA group had a lower percentage of CD14+CD16+ monocytes and lower unstimulated production of TNF-α than the PI group. CD14+CD16+ monocyte percentage and 1 ng/ml LPS-stimulated TNF-α production were reduced after the PI group underwent 12 weeks of exercise training. PI subjects also had higher TLR4 expression on classical monocytes, but there were no significant exercise training-induced changes in monocyte TLR4 expression. The PA group had significantly lower serum CRP than the PI group. Physical activity was associated with lower CD14+CD16+ monocyte percentage and LPS-stimulated TNF-α production. Exercise training-induced reductions in CD14+CD16+ monocytes may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise training.
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Circulating proinflammatory monocytes were higher in physically inactive older adults than in age-matched physically active individuals.
“Conversely, circulating proinflammatory monocytes were higher in physically inactive older adults than in age-matched physically active individuals, and 12 wk of combined endurance and resistance training lowered the percentage of these cells in habitually inactive older adults, supporting the hypothesis that regular exercise training can exert anti-inflammatory effects (44).”
From Exercise Counters the Age-Related Accumulation of Senescent Cells (2022) · cites this paper as [44]
Twelve weeks of combined endurance and resistance training lowered the percentage of circulating proinflammatory monocytes in habitually inactive older adults.
“Conversely, circulating proinflammatory monocytes were higher in physically inactive older adults than in age-matched physically active individuals, and 12 wk of combined endurance and resistance training lowered the percentage of these cells in habitually inactive older adults, supporting the hypothesis that regular exercise training can exert anti-inflammatory effects (44).”
From Exercise Counters the Age-Related Accumulation of Senescent Cells (2022) · cites this paper as [44]
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- Authors
- Timmerman, K. L., Flynn, M. G., Coen, P. M., Markofski, M. M., & Pence, B. D.
- Affiliations
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- Corresponding author
- Timmerman, Kyle L
- Venue
- Journal of Leukocyte Biology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2008-07-29
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1271-1278
- ISSN
- 0741-5400 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-3673
- OpenAlex
- W2168688711
- Semantic Scholar
- 6adfc3a1657a72a6cac7c59d10eb904e1cdd90c6
- Cited by
- 324
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 13.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Leukocyte Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Association of Retired Persons
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- exercise training, CD14+CD16+ monocytes, inflammatory monocytes, anti-inflammatory effects of exercise, physical activity, classical monocytes, TLR4 expression, TNF-alpha production, C-reactive protein, endurance training, resistance training, older adults
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Leukocyte Count, Lipopolysaccharides, Male, Monocytes, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Exercise, Antigens, CD, Body Mass Index, Receptors, IgG, Lipopolysaccharide Receptors, Toll-Like Receptor 4
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