Effects of cannabidiol on schizophrenia-like symptoms in people who use cannabis
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Cannabis contains various cannabinoids, two of which have almost opposing actions: Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta9-THC) is psychotomimetic, whereas cannabidiol (CBD) has antipsychotic effects. Hair samples were analysed to examine levels of Delta9-THC and CBD in 140 individuals. Three clear groups emerged: ;THC only', ;THC+CBD' and those with no cannabinoid in hair. The THC only group showed higher levels of positive schizophrenia-like symptoms compared with the no cannabinoid and THC+CBD groups, and higher levels of delusions compared with the no cannabinoid group. This provides evidence of the divergent properties of cannabinoids and has important implications for research into the link between cannabis use and psychosis.
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A number of studies indicate that cannabis strains containing higher THC:CBD ratios may result in greater risk of psychotic outcomes, and that CBD might have anti-psychotic properties.
“A number of studies indicate that cannabis strains containing higher THC:CBD ratios may result in greater risk of psychotic outcomes, and that CBD might have anti-psychotic properties (27)(28)(29)47).”
From Association Between Cannabis and Psychosis: Epidemiologic Evidence (2016) · cites this paper as [27]
The Psychosis proneness results and Discussion report more schizophrenia-like experiences in the THC-only group than in the THC+CBD group, and the Discussion says CBD may have antipsychotic properties. But the Discussion explicitly says the study could not directly infer the CBD-to-THC ratio from hair samples. It therefore does not establish that a higher THC:CBD ratio increases the risk of psychotic outcomes. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Morgan, C. J. A., & Curran, H. V.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Morgan, Celia J. A.
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2008-04
- Volume
- 192
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 306-307
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- OpenAlex
- W2151439032
- Cited by
- 300
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 14.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Economic and Social Research Council (RES-000-23-0945, RES-000-)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis
- Keywords
- cannabidiol, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabis use, schizophrenia-like symptoms, psychosis, delusions, hair analysis, cannabinoids, antipsychotic effects, psychotomimetic effects
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Cannabidiol, Marijuana Abuse, Delusions, Female, Hair, Humans, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Psychoses, Substance-Induced, Dronabinol
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