A systematic review of the antipsychotic properties of cannabidiol in humans

Iseger, Tabitha A.; Bossong, Matthijs G.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2015.01.033

Cited by 261Cannabis and Cannabinoid ResearchSchizophrenia research and treatmentPsychedelics and Drug Studies

A systematic review of the antipsychotic properties of cannabidiol in humans

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Iseger, Tabitha A., Bossong, Matthijs G.·2015·Schizophrenia Research

DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2015.01.033

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Abstract

Despite extensive study over the past decades, available treatments for schizophrenia are only modestly effective and cause serious metabolic and neurological side effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of schizophrenia. A highly promising new pharmacological target in the context of schizophrenia is the endocannabinoid system. Modulation of this system by the main psychoactive component in cannabis, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), induces acute psychotic effects and cognitive impairment. However, the non-psychotropic, plant-derived cannabinoid agent cannabidiol (CBD) may have antipsychotic properties, and thus may be a promising new agent in the treatment of schizophrenia. Here we review studies that investigated the antipsychotic properties of CBD in human subjects. Results show the ability of CBD to counteract psychotic symptoms and cognitive impairment associated with cannabis use as well as with acute THC administration. In addition, CBD may lower the risk for developing psychosis that is related to cannabis use. These effects are possibly mediated by opposite effects of CBD and THC on brain activity patterns in key regions implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, such as the striatum, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. The first small-scale clinical studies with CBD treatment of patients with psychotic symptoms further confirm the potential of CBD as an effective, safe and well-tolerated antipsychotic compound, although large randomised clinical trials will be needed before this novel therapy can be introduced into clinical practice.

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The protective role that CBD could play to alleviate the negative effects of THC is now well established and documented.
“The protective role that CBD could play to alleviate these negative effects is now well established and documented (Iseger and Bossong, 2015).”
From Cannabis sativa: The Plant of the Thousand and One Molecules (2016) · cites this paper as Iseger and Bossong, 2015
A number of studies indicate that cannabis strains containing higher THC:CBD ratios may result in greater risk of psychotic outcomes, and that CBD might have anti-psychotic properties.
“A number of studies indicate that cannabis strains containing higher THC:CBD ratios may result in greater risk of psychotic outcomes, and that CBD might have anti-psychotic properties (27)(28)(29)47).”
From Association Between Cannabis and Psychosis: Epidemiologic Evidence (2016) · cites this paper as [29]

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Bossong, M. G., Jansma, J. M., van Hell, H. H., Jager, G., Kahn, R. S., & Ramsey, N. F. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0070074 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
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Acute and Non-acute Effects of Cannabis on Human Memory Function: A Critical Review of Neuroimaging Studies
Bossong, M. G., Jager, G., Bhattacharyya, S., & Allen, P. (2014) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/13816128113199990436 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
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Cannabinoid-induced alterations in brain disposition of drugs of abuse 11Abbreviations: THC, tetrahydrocannabinol; CBD, cannabidiol; PCP, phencyclidine; MDMA, 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-methamphetamine HCl.
Reid, M. J. A., & Bornheim, L. M. (2001) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(01)00616-5 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Acute effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and standardized cannabis extract on the auditory evoked mismatch negativity
Juckel, G., Roser, P., Nadulski, T., Stadelmann, A. M., & Gallinat, J. (2007) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.08.015 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Role of the endocannabinoid system in brain functions relevant for schizophrenia: an overview of human challenge studies with cannabis or ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
Bossong, M., Jansma, J., Bhattacharyya, S., & Ramsey, N. (2014) · Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.11.017 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
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Psychomotor performance in relation to acute oral administration of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and standardized cannabis extract in healthy human subjects
Roser, P., Gallinat, J., Weinberg, G., Juckel, G., Gorynia, I., & Stadelmann, A. M. (2009) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-009-0868-5 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Binding of a tritiated inverse agonist to cannabinoid CB1 receptors is increased in patients with schizophrenia
Jenko, K. J., Hirvonen, J., Henter, I. D., Anderson, K. B., Zoghbi, S. S., Hyde, T. M., Deep‐Soboslay, A., Innis, R. B., & Kleinman, J. E. (2012) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2012.07.021 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Association between a cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) polymorphism and cannabinoid-induced alterations of the auditory event-related P300 potential
Stadelmann, A. M., Juckel, G., Arning, L., Gallinat, J., Epplen, J. T., & Roser, P. (2011) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2011.04.003 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Fine motor performance before and after treatment in schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients
Goode, D. J., Manning, A. A., Middleton, J. F., & Williams, B. (1981) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(81)90071-8 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

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Cannabis sativa: The Plant of the Thousand and One Molecules
Andre, C. M., Hausman, J.-F., & Guerriero, G. (2016) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00019 · Cited by 1,544 · see citing works
“The protective role that CBD could play to alleviate these negative effects is now well established and documented (Iseger and Bossong, 2015).”
Background
An update on safety and side effects of cannabidiol: a review of clinical data and relevant animal studies
Iffland, K., & Grotenhermen, F. (2017) · Cannabis & Cannabinoid Research · doi:10.1089/can.2016.0034 · Cited by 645 · see citing works
Cannabidiol: State of the art and new challenges for therapeutic applications
Pisanti, S., Malfitano, A. M., Ciaglia, E., Lamberti, A., Ranieri, R., Cuomo, G., Abate, M., Faggiana, G., Proto, M., Fiore, D., et al. (2017) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.041 · Cited by 625 · see citing works
HPA Axis in the Pathomechanism of depression and schizophrenia: new therapeutic strategies based on its participation
Mikulska, J., Juszczyk, G., Gawrońska-Grzywacz, M., & Herbet, M. (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11101298 · Cited by 450 · see citing works
Lower-Risk Cannabis Use Guidelines: A Comprehensive Update of Evidence and Recommendations
Fischer, B., Russell, C., Sabioni, P., van den Brink, W., Foll, B. L., Hall, W., Rehm, J. T., & Room, R. (2017) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2017.303818 · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Association Between Cannabis and Psychosis: Epidemiologic Evidence
Gage, S. H., Hickman, M., & Zammit, S. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.08.001 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Cannabinoids and Pain: New Insights From Old Molecules
Vuckovic, S. M., Srebro, D., Vujović, K. S., Vučetić, Č., & Prostran, M. S. (2018) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.01259 · Cited by 417 · see citing works
Cannabidiol: A Potential New Alternative for the Treatment of Anxiety, Depression, and Psychotic Disorders
García-Gutiérrez, M. S., Navarrete, F., Gasparyan, A., Austrich-Olivares, A., Sala, F., & Manzanares, J. (2020) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom10111575 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Cannabis and mental illness: a review
Lowe, D. J. E., Sasiadek, J., Coles, A. S., & George, T. P. (2018) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-018-0970-7 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Medical cannabis and mental health: A guided systematic review
Walsh, Z., González, R., Crosby, K., Thiessen, M. S., Carroll, C., & Bonn‐Miller, M. O. (2016) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2016.10.002 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Clinical and Preclinical Evidence for Functional Interactions of Cannabidiol and Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
Boggs, D. L., Nguyen, J. D., Morgenson, D., Taffe, M. A., & Ranganathan, M. (2017) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2017.209 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Cannabis, cannabinoids, and health
Lafaye, G., Karila, L., Blecha, L., & Benyamina, A. (2017) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2017.19.3/glafaye · Cited by 238 · see citing works
The “Entourage Effect”: Terpenes Coupled with Cannabinoids for the Treatment of Mood Disorders and Anxiety Disorders
Ferber, S. G., Namdar, D., Hen-Shoval, D., Eger, G., Koltai, H., Shoval, G., Shbiro, L., & Weller, A. (2019) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x17666190903103923 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
How does cannabidiol (CBD) influence the acute effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in humans? A systematic review
Freeman, A. M., Petrilli, K., Lees, R., Hindocha, C., Mokrysz, C., Curran, H. V., Saunders, R., & Freeman, T. P. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.036 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
The Science of Marijuana
Iversen, L. L. (2007) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195328240.001.0001 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Assessing causality in associations between cannabis use and schizophrenia risk: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Gage, S. H., Jones, H. J., Burgess, S., Bowden, J., Smith, G. D., Zammit, S., & Munafo, M. R. (2016) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291716003172 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Synthetic and Non-synthetic Cannabinoid Drugs and Their Adverse Effects-A Review From Public Health Prospective
Cohen, K., & Weinstein, A. M. (2018) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2018.00162 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Early Phase in the Development of Cannabidiol as a Treatment for Addiction: Opioid Relapse Takes Initial Center Stage
Hurd, Y. L., Yoon, M. J., Manini, A. F., Hernandez, S. H., Olmedo, R., Östman, M., & Jutras‐Aswad, D. (2015) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-015-0373-7 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Medical Cannabis for Psychiatric, Movement and Neurodegenerative Disorders
Lim, K., See, Y. M., & Lee, J. (2017) · Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience · doi:10.9758/cpn.2017.15.4.301 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
A systematic review of the effect of cannabidiol on cognitive function: Relevance to schizophrenia
Osborne, A. L., Solowij, N., & Weston–Green, K. (2016) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.11.012 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Effect of Cannabidiol on Medial Temporal, Midbrain, and Striatal Dysfunction in People at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis
Bhattacharyya, S., Wilson, R. P., Appiah‐Kusi, E., O’Neill, A., Brammer, M. J., Pérez, J., Murray, R. M., Allen, P., Bossong, M. G., & McGuire, P. K. (2018) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.2309 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
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Therapeutic potential of cannabis-related drugs
Alexander, S. P. H. (2016) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.07.001 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Conversion of Cannabidiol (CBD) into Psychotropic Cannabinoids Including Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC): A Controversy in the Scientific Literature
Golombek, P., Müller, M., Barthlott, I., Sproll, C., & Lachenmeier, D. W. (2020) · Toxics · doi:10.3390/toxics8020041 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
The Effects of Cannabinoids on Executive Functions: Evidence from Cannabis and Synthetic Cannabinoids—A Systematic Review
Cohen, K., & Weinstein, A. M. (2018) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci8030040 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Cannabinoids, Blood–Brain Barrier, and Brain Disposition
Calapai, F., Cardia, L., Sorbara, E. E., Navarra, M., Gangemi, S., Calapai, G., & Mannucci, C. (2020) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics12030265 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Safety and Toxicology of Cannabinoids
Sachs, J., McGlade, E., & Yurgelun-Todd, D. A. (2015) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-015-0380-8 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Effects of CBD-Enriched Cannabis sativa Extract on Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms: An Observational Study of 18 Participants Undergoing Compassionate Use
Fleury-Teixeira, P., Caixeta, F. V., da Silva, L. C. R., Brasil-Neto, J. P., & Malcher‐Lopes, R. (2019) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.01145 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Human Laboratory Studies on Cannabinoids and Psychosis
Sherif, M. A., Radhakrishnan, R., D’Souza, D. C., & Ranganathan, M. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.01.011 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Cannabinoids: Medical implications
Schrot, R. J., & Hubbard, J. R. (2016) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853890.2016.1145794 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
The Sustainability of Industrial Hemp: A Literature Review of Its Economic, Environmental, and Social Sustainability
Kaur, G., & Kander, R. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su15086457 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Development and validation of genetic markers for sex and cannabinoid chemotype in Cannabis sativa L.
Toth, J. A., Stack, G. M., Cala, A. R., Carlson, C. H., Wilk, R. L., Crawford, J. L., Viands, D. R., Philippe, G., Smart, C. D., Rose, J. K. C., et al. (2020) · GCB Bioenergy · doi:10.1111/gcbb.12667 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self‐initiated use of topical cannabidiol oil for epidermolysis bullosa
Chelliah, M. P., Zinn, Z. A., Khuu, P., & Teng, J. M. C. (2018) · Pediatric Dermatology · doi:10.1111/pde.13545 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Use and Perceptions of Cannabidiol Products in Canada and in the United States
Goodman, S. E., Wadsworth, E., Schauer, G. L., & Hammond, D. G. (2020) · Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research · doi:10.1089/can.2020.0093 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Psychiatric comorbidity associated with synthetic cannabinoid use compared to cannabis
Nia, A. B., Medrano, B., Perkel, C., GALYNKER, I. I., & Hurd, Y. L. (2016) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881116658990 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Demographic and clinical correlates of substance use disorders in first episode psychosis
Brunette, M. F., Mueser, K. T., Babbin, S. F., Meyer-Kalos, P., Rosenheck, R. A., Correll, C. U., Cather, C., Robinson, D. G., Schooler, N. R., Penn, D. L., et al. (2017) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2017.06.039 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Cannabis use in Europe: Current trends and public health concerns
Manthey, J. (2019) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.03.006 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Emerging evidence for the antidepressant effect of cannabidiol and the underlying molecular mechanisms
Silote, G. P., Sartim, A. G., Sales, A. J., Eskelund, A., Guimarães, F. S., Wegener, G., & Joca, S. R. L. (2019) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2019.04.006 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Effects of short-term cannabidiol treatment on response to social stress in subjects at clinical high risk of developing psychosis
Appiah‐Kusi, E., Petros, N., Wilson, R. J., Colizzi, M., Bossong, M. G., Valmaggia, L., Mondelli, V., McGuire, P. K., & Bhattacharyya, S. (2020) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-019-05442-6 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citation
Medical cannabis ‒ the Canadian perspective
Ramkellawan, S., Bober, S., Mindra, S., Moreau, J. M., & Ko, G. D. (2016) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s98182 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Modulatory effects of cannabinoids on brain neurotransmission
Cohen, K., Weizman, A., & Weinstein, A. M. (2019) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14407 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
At the Tip of an Iceberg: Prenatal Marijuana and Its Possible Relation to Neuropsychiatric Outcome in the Offspring
Alpár, A., Marzo, V. D., & Harkany, T. (2015) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.09.009 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Cannabis and development of dual diagnoses: A literature review
Hanna, R. C., Perez, J. M., & Ghose, S. (2016) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2016.1213273 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Animal models of gene–environment interaction in schizophrenia: A dimensional perspective
Ayhan, Y., McFarland, R., & Pletnikov, M. V. (2015) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.10.002 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
HDAC1 and HDAC3 underlie dynamic H3K9 acetylation during embryonic neurogenesis and in schizophrenia‐like animals
Večeřa, J., Bártová, E., Krejčí, J., Legartová, S., Komůrková, D., Kučerová, J., Štark, T., Dražanová, E., Kašpárek, T., Šulcová, A., et al. (2017) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.25914 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Cannabis and Endocannabinoid Signaling in Epilepsy
Katona, I. (2015) · Handbook of experimental pharmacology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20825-1_10 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
The Potential of Cannabidiol as a Treatment for Psychosis and Addiction: Who Benefits Most? A Systematic Review
Batalla, A., Janssen, H., Gangadin, S. S., & Bossong, M. G. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm8071058 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
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Cannabidiol Prevents Motor and Cognitive Impairments Induced by Reserpine in Rats
Peres, F. F., Levin, R. R., Suiama, M. A., Diana, M. C., Gouvêa, D. A., de Almeida, V., Santos, C. M., Lungato, L., Zuardi, A. W., Hallak, J. E. C., et al. (2016) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00343 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Prolonged Cannabidiol Treatment Effects on Hippocampal Subfield Volumes in Current Cannabis Users
Beale, C., Broyd, S. J., Chye, Y., Suo, C., Schira, M. M., Galettis, P., Martin, J. H., Yücel, M., & Solowij, N. (2018) · Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research · doi:10.1089/can.2017.0047 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Effects of cannabidiol in males and females in two different rat models of depression
Shbiro, L., Hen-Shoval, D., Hazut, N., Rapps, K., Dar, S., Zalsman, G., Mechoulam, R., Weller, A., & Shoval, G. (2018) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.12.019 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Normalization of mediotemporal and prefrontal activity, and mediotemporal-striatal connectivity, may underlie antipsychotic effects of cannabidiol in psychosis
O’Neill, A., Wilson, R. P., Blest‐Hopley, G., Annibale, L., Colizzi, M., Brammer, M. J., Giampietro, V., & Bhattacharyya, S. (2020) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291719003519 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Factors Moderating the Association between Cannabis Use and Psychosis Risk: A Systematic Review
van der Steur, S. J., Batalla, A., & Bossong, M. G. (2020) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci10020097 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
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Assessing the public health impact of cannabis legalization in Canada: core outcome indicators towards an ‘index’ for monitoring and evaluation
Fischer, B., Russell, C., Rehm, J. T., & Leece, P. (2018) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdy090 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
The effects of cannabidiol on persecutory ideation and anxiety in a high trait paranoid group
Hundal, H., Lister, R., Evans, N., Antley, A., Englund, A., Murray, R. M., Freeman, D. H., & Morrison, P. D. (2017) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881117737400 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Cannabis use and sleep: Expectations, outcomes, and the role of age
Winiger, E. A., Hitchcock, L. N., Bryan, A. D., & Bidwell, L. C. (2020) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106642 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
The Association between Cannabis Product Characteristics and Symptom Relief
Stith, S. S., Vigil, J. M., Brockelman, F., Keeling, K., & Hall, B. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-39462-1 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
The Impact of Cannabidiol on Human Brain Function: A Systematic Review
Batalla, A., Bos, J., Postma, A., & Bossong, M. G. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.618184 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citation
Characterisation of cannabinoid composition in a diverse Cannabis sativa L. germplasm collection
Welling, M. T., Liu, L., Shapter, T., Raymond, C. A., & King, G. J. W. (2015) · Euphytica · doi:10.1007/s10681-015-1585-y · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Single‐Dose Pharmacokinetics of Oral Cannabidiol Following Administration of PTL101: A New Formulation Based on Gelatin Matrix Pellets Technology
Atsmon, J., Heffetz, D., Deutsch, L., Deutsch, F., & Sacks, H. (2017) · Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development · doi:10.1002/cpdd.408 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Emerging Role of (Endo)Cannabinoids in Migraine
Leimuranta, P., Khiroug, L. S., & Giniatullin, R. A. (2018) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00420 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Is cannabidiol the ideal drug to treat non-motor Parkinson’s disease symptoms?
Crippa, J. A. S., Hallak, J. E. C., Zuardi, A. W., Guimarães, F. S., Tumas, V., & SANTOS, R. G. D. (2019) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-019-00982-6 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Medical Cannabis in Children
Aran, A. A., & Cayam-Rand, D. (2020) · Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal · doi:10.5041/rmmj.10386 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Exploring the use of cannabis as a substitute for prescription drugs in a convenience sample
Kvamme, S. L., Pedersen, M. M., Thomsen, K. R., & Thylstrup, B. (2021) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/s12954-021-00520-5 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol produce dissociable effects on prefrontal cortical executive function and regulation of affective behaviors
Szkudlarek, H. J., Desai, S. J., Renard, J., Pereira, B. J. G., Norris, C., Jobson, C. E. L., Rajakumar, N., Allman, B. L., & Laviolette, S. R. (2018) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-018-0282-7 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
The neuropharmacology of cannabinoid receptor ligands in central signaling pathways
Brunt, T. M., & Bossong, M. G. (2020) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14982 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Behavioral Sequelae of Cannabis Use in Healthy People: A Systematic Review
Sorkhou, M., Bedder, R. H., & George, T. P. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.630247 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
A scoping review of the use of cannabidiol in psychiatric disorders
Kirkland, A. E., Fadus, M. C., Gruber, S. A., Gray, K. M., Wilens, T. E., & Squeglia, L. M. (2021) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114347 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Marijuana use and viral suppression in persons receiving medical care for HIV-infection
Okafor, C. N., Zhou, Z., Burrell, L. E., Kelso, N. E., Whitehead, N. E., Harman, J. S., Cook, C. L., & Cook, R. L. (2016) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2016.1191505 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Cannabinoids and Schizophrenia: Risks and Therapeutic Potential
Manseau, M. W., & GOFF, D. C. (2015) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-015-0382-6 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
A Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectral Library of Important Drugs Associated With Point-of-Care and Field Applications
Farquharson, S., Brouillette, C. R., Smith, W., & Shende, C. S. (2019) · Frontiers in Chemistry · doi:10.3389/fchem.2019.00706 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Understanding disparities in viral suppression among Black MSM living with HIV in Atlanta Georgia
Sullivan, P. S., Knox, J., Jones, J., Taussig, J., Valentine Graves, M., Millett, G., Luisi, N., Hall, E., Sanchez, T. H., Del Rio, C., et al. (2021) · Journal of the International AIDS Society · doi:10.1002/jia2.25689 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Therapeutic Prospects of Cannabidiol for Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcohol-Related Damages on the Liver and the Brain
de Ternay, J., Naassïla, M., Nourredine, M., Louvet, A., Bailly, F., Sescousse, G., Maurage, P., Cottencin, O., Carrieri, P., & Rolland, B. (2019) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00627 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Potency and Therapeutic THC and CBD Ratios: U.S. Cannabis Markets Overshoot
Pennypacker, S. D., Cunnane, K., Cash, M. C., & Romero-Sandoval, E. A. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.921493 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
First episode psychosis with and without the use of cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids: Psychopathology, global functioning and suicidal ideation
Ricci, V., Ceci, F., Carlo, F. D., Muzio, I. D., Ciavoni, L., Santangelo, M., Salvo, G. D., Pettorruso, M., Martinotti, G., & Maina, G. (2023) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115053 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Cannabis use and mood disorders: a systematic review
Sorkhou, M., Dent, E. L., & George, T. P. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1346207 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
ABC transporters P-gp and Bcrp do not limit the brain uptake of the novel antipsychotic and anticonvulsant drug cannabidiol in mice
Brzozowska, N., Li, K. M., Wang, X., Booth, J., Stuart, J. M., McGregor, I. S., & Arnold, J. C. (2016) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.2081 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
CBD and THC: Do They Complement Each Other Like Yin and Yang?
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Authors: Iseger, T. A., & Bossong, M. G.
Affiliations: King's College London (GB)
Corresponding author: Bossong, Matthijs G.
ORCID: Iseger, Tabitha A.
Bossong, Matthijs G.
Venue: Schizophrenia Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2015-03
Volume: 162
Issue: 1-3
Pages: 153-161
ISSN: 0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.01.033
OpenAlex: W2135363891
Cited by: 261
References: 81
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 13
FWCI: 4.18
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
dspace.library.uu.nl
Licence: other-oa
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychedelics and Drug Studies
Keywords: cannabidiol
MeSH terms: Brain, Cannabidiol, Humans, Psychotic Disorders, Antipsychotic Agents

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A systematic review of the antipsychotic properties of cannabidiol in humans

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