Brain structure and joint hypermobility: Relevance to the expression of psychiatric symptoms
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Joint hypermobility is overrepresented among people with anxiety and can be associated with abnormal autonomic reactivity. We tested for associations between regional cerebral grey matter and hypermobility in 72 healthy volunteers using voxel-based morphometry of structural brain scans. Strikingly, bilateral amygdala volume distinguished those with from those without hypermobility. The hypermobility group scored higher for interoceptive sensitivity yet were not significantly more anxious. Our findings specifically link hypermobility to the structural integrity of a brain centre implicated in normal and abnormal emotions and physiological responses. Our observations endorse hypermobility as a multisystem phenotype and suggest potential mechanisms mediating clinical vulnerability to neuropsychiatric symptoms.
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Structural differences in areas of the brain involved in social and emotional processing have been reported in hypermobile individuals.
“Accordingly, structural differences in areas of the brain involved in social and emotional processing have been reported in hypermobile individuals (Eccles et al., 2012).”
From Autism in the context of joint hypermobility, hypermobility spectrum disorders, and Ehlers–Danlos syndromes: A systematic review and prevalence meta-analyses (2025) · cites this paper as Eccles et al., 2012
Eccles et al. reported structural brain differences between subjects with and without JH in areas involved in emotion processing, attention, cognitive control of pain, and negative emotions which may be relevant.
“Eccles et al. reported structural brain differences between subjects with and without JH in areas involved in emotion processing, attention, cognitive control of pain, and negative emotions which may be relevant.”
From Pediatric joint hypermobility: a diagnostic framework and narrative review (2023) · cites this paper as [68]
Neuroimaging studies of individuals with joint hypermobility have identified structural and functional differences within brain regions implicated in emotional arousal, reactivity and feelings, notably the amygdala and insula.
“Correspondingly, neuroimaging studies of individuals with joint hypermobility have identified structural and functional differences within brain regions implicated in emotional arousal, reactivity and feelings, notably amygdala16 and insula.17”
From Variant connective tissue (joint hypermobility) and its relevance to depression and anxiety in adolescents: a cohort-based case–control study (2022) · cites this paper as [16]
Hypermobile participants scored higher on questionnaire ratings of body awareness than non-hypermobile people.
“Interestingly, the same study shows that the hypermobile participants scored higher on questionnaire ratings of body awareness (an index of interoceptive sensibility) than non-hypermobile people.”
From Neuroimaging and psychophysiological investigation of the link between anxiety, enhanced affective reactivity and interoception in people with joint hypermobility (2014) · cites this paper as Eccles et al., 2012
People with features of hypermobility manifest larger amygdala volume bilaterally compared to participants without any hypermobility.
“notably people with features of hypermobility manifest larger amygdala volume bilaterally compared to participants without any hypermobility (Eccles et al., 2012).”
From Neuroimaging and psychophysiological investigation of the link between anxiety, enhanced affective reactivity and interoception in people with joint hypermobility (2014) · cites this paper as Eccles et al., 2012
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The Neural Correlates of Autonomic Interoception in a Clinical Sample: Implications for AnxietyPreprint
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Aphantasia beyond imagery: Interoception, neurodevelopment, and early experience
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- Authors
- Eccles, J. A., Beacher, F. D. C., Gray, M. A., Jones, C. L., Minati, L., Harrison, N. A., & Critchley, H. D.
- Affiliations
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Eccles, J. A.
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2012-06
- Volume
- 200
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 508-509
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- PMC
- PMC3365276
- OpenAlex
- W2135195308
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (074333)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (ACF-2009-27-003)
- Medical Research Council (MR/K002643/1)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Connective tissue disorders research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- joint hypermobility, amygdala volume, interoceptive sensitivity, anxiety, autonomic reactivity, psychiatric vulnerability, brain structure
- MeSH terms
- Amygdala, Anxiety Disorders, Brain Diseases, Humans, Joint Instability
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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