The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Relevance of Iron in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease
Abstract
A bstract: Investigations that revealed increased levels of iron in postmortem brains from patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) as compared to those from individuals not suffering from neurological disorders are reported. The chemical natures in which iron predominates in the brain and the relevance of neuromelanin for neuronal iron binding are discussed. Major findings have been that iron levels increase with the severity of neuropathological changes in PD, presumably due to increased transport through the blood‐brain barrier in late stages of parkinsonism. Glial iron is mainly stored as ferric iron in ferritin, while neuronal iron is predominantly bound to neuromelanin. Iron overload may induce progressive degeneration of nigrostriatal neurons by facilitating the formation of reactive biological intermediates, including reactive oxygen species, and the formation of cytotoxic protein aggregates. There are indications that iron‐mediated neuronal death in PD proceeds retrogradely. These results are also discussed with respect to their relevance for disease progression in relation to cytotoxic α‐synuclein protofibril formation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Spillantini, M. G., Schmidt, M. L., Lee, V. M.-Y., Trojanowski, J. Q., Jakes, R., & Goedert, M. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/42166 · Cited by 8,382
Mutation in the α-Synuclein Gene Identified in Families with Parkinson's Disease
Polymeropoulos, M. H., Lavedan, C., Leroy, E., Ide, S. E., Dehejia, A., Dutra, A., Pike, B., Root, H., Rubenstein, J., Boyer, R., et al. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.276.5321.2045 · Cited by 8,240
AlaSOPro mutation in the gene encoding α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease
Krüger, R., Kuhn, W., Müller, T., Woitalla, D., Graeber, M., Kösel, S., Przuntek, H., Epplen, J. T., Schols, L., & Riess, O. (1998) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng0298-106 · Cited by 3,836
Melanized dopaminergic neurons are differentially susceptible to degeneration in Parkinson's disease
Hirsch, E., Graybiel, A. M., & Agid, Y. A. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/334345a0 · Cited by 1,301
Dexter, D. T., Wells, F. R., Lee, A. J., Agid, F., Agid, Y., Jenner, P., & Marsden, C. D. (1989) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb07264.x · Cited by 1,149
DEXTER, D. T., CARAYON, A., JAVOY-AGID, F., AGID, Y., WELLS, F. R., DANIEL, S. E., LEES, A. J., JENNER, P., & MARSDEN, C. D. (1991) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/114.4.1953 · Cited by 1,043
Brain iron and ferritin in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases
Jellinger, K., Paulus, W., Grundke-Iqbal, I., Riederer, P., & Youdim, M. B. H. (1990) · Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section · doi:10.1007/bf02252926 · Cited by 445
Self-citationZecca, L., Gallorini, M., Schünemann, V., Trautwein, A. X., Gerlach, M., Riederer, P., Vezzoni, P., & Tampellini, D. (2001) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00186.x · Cited by 401
Brain iron pathways and their relevance to Parkinson's disease
Berg, D., Gerlach, M., Youdim, M. B. H., Double, K. L., Zecca, L., Riederer, P., & Becker, G. (2001) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00608.x · Cited by 362
Self-citationTransferrin and Iron in Normal, Alzheimer's Disease, and Parkinson's Disease Brain Regions
Loeffler, D. A., Connor, J. R., Juneau, P. L., Snyder, B. S., Kanaley, L., DeMaggio, A. J., Nguyen, H., Brickman, C. M., & LeWitt, P. A. (1995) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65020710.x · Cited by 334
Cited by
Iron, brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders
Zecca, L., Youdim, M. B. H., Riederer, P., Connor, J. R., & Crichton, R. R. (2004) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1537 · Cited by 1,801
Self-citationKell, D. B. (2009) · BMC Medical Genomics · doi:10.1186/1755-8794-2-2 · Cited by 554
Selective iron chelation in Friedreich ataxia: biologic and clinical implications
Boddaert, N., Le Quan Sang, K. H., Rötig, A., Leroy-Willig, A., Gallet, S., Brunelle, F., Sidi, D., Thalabard, J.-C., Munnich, A., & Cabantchik, Z. I. (2007) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2006-12-065433 · Cited by 409
Iron Toxicity in Diseases of Aging: Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease and Atherosclerosis
Altamura, S., & Muckenthaler, M. U. (2009) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2009-1010 · Cited by 369
Kell, D. B. (2010) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-010-0577-x · Cited by 361
Zheng, W., & Monnot, A. D. (2012) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.10.006 · Cited by 302
Recent advances in our understanding of neurodegeneration
Jellinger, K. A. (2009) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-009-0240-y · Cited by 274
Individual dopaminergic neurons show raised iron levels in Parkinson disease
Oakley, A. E., Collingwood, J. F., Dobson, J., Love, G., Perrott, H. R., Edwardson, J. A., Elstner, M., & Morris, C. M. (2007) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000262033.01945.9a · Cited by 273
Metal based neurodegenerative diseases—From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies
Crichton, R. R., Dexter, D. T., & Ward, R. J. (2008) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2007.10.019 · Cited by 252
Ramos, P., Santos, A., Pinto, N. R., Mendes, R., Magalhães, T., & Almeida, A. (2014) · Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2013.08.001 · Cited by 221
Mastroberardino, P. G., Hoffman, E. K., Horowitz, M. P., Betarbet, R., Taylor, G., Cheng, D., Na, H. M., Gutekunst, C.-A., Gearing, M., Trojanowski, J. Q., et al. (2009) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2009.02.009 · Cited by 195
Mitochondrial iron metabolism and its role in neurodegeneration
Horowitz, M. P., & Greenamyre, J. T. (2010) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2010-100354 · Cited by 195
Pan, Y., & Nicolazzo, J. A. (2018) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.009 · Cited by 131
Olivieri, S., Conti, A., Iannaccone, S., Cannistraci, C. V., Campanella, A., Barbariga, M., Codazzi, F., Pelizzoni, I., Magnani, G., Pesca, M., et al. (2011) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3768-11.2011 · Cited by 125
Neuroprotection by iron chelator against proteasome inhibitor-induced nigral degeneration
Zhang, X., Xie, W., Qu, S., Pan, T., Wang, X., & Le, W. (2005) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.05.150 · Cited by 87
Targeting the Progression of Parkinsons Disease
George, J., Mok, S., Moses, D., Wilkins, S., Bush, A., Cherny, R., & Finkelstein, D. (2009) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/157015909787602814 · Cited by 77
Dopamine complexes of iron in the etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease
ARREGUIN, S., NELSON, P., PADWAY, S., SHIRAZI, M., & PIERPONT, C. (2009) · Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2008.09.007 · Cited by 55
Charkoudian, L. K., Dentchev, T., Lukinova, N., Wolkow, N., Dunaief, J. L., & Franz, K. J. (2008) · Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2008.08.001 · Cited by 49
Gerlach, M., Riederer, P., & Double, K. L. (2008) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2008.04.028 · Cited by 33
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- GÖTZ, M. E., DOUBLE, K., GERLACH, M., YOUDIM, M. B. H., & RIEDERERE, P.
- Venue
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-03
- Volume
- 1012
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 193-208
- ISSN
- 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
- 1749-6632
- OpenAlex
- W1969609724
- Cited by
- 342
- References
- 15
- FWCI
- 12.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
