Mitochondrial iron metabolism and its role in neurodegeneration
Open accessAbstract
In addition to their well-established role in providing the cell with ATP, mitochondria are the source of iron-sulfur clusters (ISCs) and heme - prosthetic groups that are utilized by proteins throughout the cell in various critical processes. The post-transcriptional system that mammalian cells use to regulate intracellular iron homeostasis depends, in part, upon the synthesis of ISCs in mitochondria. Thus, proper mitochondrial function is crucial to cellular iron homeostasis. Many neurodegenerative diseases are marked by mitochondrial impairment, brain iron accumulation, and oxidative stress - pathologies that are inter-related. This review discusses the physiological role that mitochondria play in cellular iron homeostasis and, in so doing, attempts to clarify how mitochondrial dysfunction may initiate and/or contribute to iron dysregulation in the context of neurodegenerative disease. We review what is currently known about the entry of iron into mitochondria, the ways in which iron is utilized therein, and how mitochondria are integrated into the system of iron homeostasis in mammalian cells. Lastly, we turn to recent advances in our understanding of iron dysregulation in two neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease), and discuss the use of iron chelation as a potential therapeutic approach to neurodegenerative disease.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Disruption of iron homoeostasis can interfere with mitochondrial functions and accelerate the progression of neurodegenerative mechanisms.
“Disruption of iron homoeostasis can interfere with mitochondrial functions and as a result accelerate the progression of neurodegenerative mechanisms.63,64”
From The role of iron in brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders (2014) · cites this paper as [64]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Free radicals in biology and medicine
Gutteridge, J. M. C. (1991) · General Pharmacology The Vascular System · doi:10.1016/0306-3623(91)90478-o · Cited by 17,178 · see citing works
Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine
Halliwell, B., & Gutteridge, J. M. C. (2015) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198717478.001.0001 · Cited by 8,990 · see citing works
Querfurth, H. W., & LaFerla, F. M. (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra0909142 · Cited by 4,569 · see citing works
Boveris, A., & Chance, B. (1973) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj1340707 · Cited by 2,626 · see citing works
Copper, iron and zinc in Alzheimer's disease senile plaques
Lovell, M. A., Robertson, J. D., Teesdale, W. J., Campbell, J. L., & Markesbery, W. R. (1998) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0022-510x(98)00092-6 · Cited by 2,120 · see citing works
Iron, brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders
Zecca, L., Youdim, M. B. H., Riederer, P., Connor, J. R., & Crichton, R. R. (2004) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1537 · Cited by 1,801 · see citing works
Hentze, M. W., Muckenthaler, M. U., & Andrews, N. C. (2004) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(04)00343-5 · Cited by 1,736 · see citing works
Cherny, R. A., Atwood, C. S., Xilinas, M. E., Gray, D. N., Jones, W. D., McLean, C. A., Barnham, K. J., Volitakis, I., Fraser, F. W., Kim, Y.-S., et al. (2001) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00317-8 · Cited by 1,447 · see citing works
The effect of age on the non-haemin iron in the human brain
Hallgren, B., & Sourander, P. (1958) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1958.tb12607.x · Cited by 1,427 · see citing works
Iron accumulation in Alzheimer disease is a source of redox-generated free radicals
Smith, M. A., Harris, P. L. R., Sayre, L. M., & Perry, G. L. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.18.9866 · Cited by 1,357 · see citing works
Ritchie, C. W., Bush, A. I., Mackinnon, A., Macfarlane, S., Mastwyk, M., MacGregor, L., Kiers, L., Cherny, R., Li, Q.-X., Tammer, A., et al. (2003) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.60.12.1685 · Cited by 988 · see citing works
Cadenas, E., Boveris, A., Ragan, C. I., & Stoppani, A. O. M. (1977) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/0003-9861(77)90035-2 · Cited by 855 · see citing works
Herrero-Mendez, A., Almeida, A., Fernández, E., Maestre, C., Moncada, S., & Bolaños, J. P. (2009) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb1881 · Cited by 844 · see citing works
Ohgami, R. S., Campagna, D. R., Greer, E. L., Antiochos, B., McDonald, A., Chen, J., Sharp, J. J., Fujiwara, Y., Barker, J. E., & Fleming, M. D. (2005) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng1658 · Cited by 775 · see citing works
Intramuscular desferrioxamine in patients with Alzheimer's disease
MCLACHLAN, D. (1991) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)92978-b · Cited by 764 · see citing works
Muckenthaler, M. U., Galy, B., & Hentze, M. W. (2008) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.28.061807.155521 · Cited by 701 · see citing works
Adlard, P. A., Cherny, R. A., Finkelstein, D. I., Gautier, E., Robb, E., Cortes, M., Volitakis, I., Liu, X., Smith, J. P., Perez, K., et al. (2008) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2008.06.018 · Cited by 672 · see citing works
Mitoferrin is essential for erythroid iron assimilation
Shaw, G. C., Cope, J. J., Li, L., Corson, K., Hersey, C., Ackermann, G. E., Gwynn, B., Lambert, A. J., Wingert, R. A., Traver, D., et al. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04512 · Cited by 624 · see citing works
Genetic or Pharmacological Iron Chelation Prevents MPTP-Induced Neurotoxicity In Vivo
Kaur, D., Yantiri, F., Rajagopalan, S., Kumar, J., Mo, J. Q., Boonplueang, R., Viswanath, V., Jacobs, R., Yang, L., Beal, M. F., et al. (2003) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00126-0 · Cited by 620 · see citing works
Maturation of Iron-Sulfur Proteins in Eukaryotes: Mechanisms, Connected Processes, and Diseases
Lill, R., & Mühlenhoff, U. (2008) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.76.052705.162653 · Cited by 595 · see citing works
Neuropathology, biochemistry, and biophysics of α‐synuclein aggregation
Uversky, V. N. (2007) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04764.x · Cited by 567 · see citing works
Rogers, J. T., Randall, J. D., Cahill, C. M., Eder, P. S., Huang, X., Gunshin, H., Leiter, L., McPhee, J., Sarang, S. S., Utsuki, T., et al. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m207435200 · Cited by 551 · see citing works
Labile iron pool: the main determinant of cellular response to oxidative stress
Kruszewski, M. K. (2003) · Mutation research. Fundamental and molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis · doi:10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2003.08.004 · Cited by 529 · see citing works
Intracellular iron transport and storage: from molecular mechanisms to health implications
Mackenzie, E. L., Iwasaki, K., & Tsuji, Y. (2008) · Antioxidants & Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2007.1893 · Cited by 526 · see citing works
LaVaute, T., Smith, S., Cooperman, S., Iwai, K., Land, W., Meyron-Holtz, E., Drake, S. K., Miller, G., Abu-Asab, M., Tsokos, M., et al. (2001) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/84859 · Cited by 509 · see citing works
Biosynthesis of heme in mammals
Ajioka, R. S., Phillips, J. D., & Kushner, J. P. (2006) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2006.05.005 · Cited by 493 · see citing works
An E3 ligase possessing an iron-responsive hemerythrin domain is a regulator of iron homeostasis
Salahudeen, A. A., Thompson, J. W., Ruiz, J. C., Ma, H.-W., Kinch, L. N., Li, Q., Grishin, N. V., & Bruick, R. K. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1176326 · Cited by 432 · see citing works
Control of iron homeostasis by an iron-regulated ubiquitin ligase
Vashisht, A. A., Zumbrennen, K. B., Huang, X., Powers, D. N., Durazo, A., Sun, D., Bhaskaran, N., Persson, A., Uhlen, M., Sangfelt, O., et al. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1176333 · Cited by 429 · see citing works
Assay of metabolic superoxide production in Escherichia coli.
Imlay, J. A., & Fridovich, I. (1991) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(20)89596-9 · Cited by 420 · see citing works
Salazar, J., Mena, N., Hunot, S., Prigent, A., Alvarez-Fischer, D., Arredondo, M., Duyckaerts, C., Sazdovitch, V., Zhao, L., Garrick, L. M., et al. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0804373105 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
Meyron‐Holtz, E. G., Ghosh, M. C., Iwai, K., LaVaute, T., Brazzolotto, X., Berger, U. V., Land, W., Ollivierre‐Wilson, H., Grinberg, A., Love, P., et al. (2004) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600041 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
A human mitochondrial ferritin encoded by an intronless gene
Levi, S., Corsi, B., Bosisio, M., Invernizzi, R., Volz, A., Sanford, D., Arosio, P., & Drysdale, J. (2001) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.c100141200 · Cited by 400 · see citing works
Iron–sulfur cluster biogenesis and human disease
Rouault, T. A., & Tong, W. H. (2008) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2008.05.008 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Connor, J. R., Snyder, B. S., Beard, J. L., Fine, R. E., & Mufson, E. J. (1992) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.490310214 · Cited by 374 · see citing works
Deficiency of glutaredoxin 5 reveals Fe-S clusters are required for vertebrate haem synthesis.
The Tübingen 2000 Screen Consortium, Wingert, R. A., Galloway, J. L., Barut, B., Foott, H., Fraenkel, P., Axe, J. L., Weber, G. J., Dooley, K., Davidson, A. J., et al. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03887 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Iron Toxicity in Diseases of Aging: Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease and Atherosclerosis
Altamura, S., & Muckenthaler, M. U. (2009) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2009-1010 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
Alzheimer's disease, metal ions and metal homeostatic therapy
Zatta, P., Drago, D., Bolognin, S., & Sensi, S. L. (2009) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tips.2009.05.002 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
Paradkar, P. N., Zumbrennen, K. B., Paw, B. H., Ward, D. M., & Kaplan, J. (2008) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.01685-08 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
Identification of a mammalian mitochondrial porphyrin transporter
Krishnamurthy, P. C., Du, G., Fukuda, Y., Sun, D., Sampath, J., Mercer, K. E., Wang, J., Sosa‐Pineda, B., Murti, K. G., & Schuetz, J. D. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05125 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Platelet mitochondria function in Parkinson's disease
Krige, D., Carroll, M. T., Cooper, J. A. D., MARSDEN, C. D., & Schapira, A. H. V. (1992) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410320612 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
The Relevance of Iron in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease
Götz, M. E., Double, K. L., Gerlach, M., Youdim, M. B. H., & RIEDERERE, P. (2004) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1306.017 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Iron misregulation in the brain: a primary cause of neurodegenerative disorders
Ke, Y., & Qian, Z. (2003) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(03)00353-3 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Iron-melanin complex in substantia nigra of parkinsonian brains: an x-ray microanalysis
Jellinger, K., Kienzl, E., Rumpelmair, G., Riederer, P., Stachelberger, H., Ben‐Shachar, D., & Youdim, M. B. H. (1992) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08362.x · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Camaschella, C., Campanella, A., De Falco, L., Boschetto, L., Merlini, R., Silvestri, L., Levi, S., & Iolascon, A. (2007) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2007-02-072520 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Structure of Dual Function Iron Regulatory Protein 1 Complexed with Ferritin IRE-RNA
Walden, W. E., Selezneva, A. I., Dupuy, J., Volbeda, A., Fontecilla-Camps, J. C., Theil, E. C., & Volz, K. W. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1133116 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
House, E., Collingwood, J., Khan, A., Korchazkina, O., Berthon, G., & Exley, C. (2004) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2004-6310 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Rutherford, J. C., & Bird, A. J. (2004) · Eukaryotic Cell · doi:10.1128/ec.3.1.1-13.2004 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Fleming, R. E., Migas, M. C., Holden, C. C., Waheed, A., Britton, R. S., Tomatsu, S., Bacon, B. R., & Sly, W. S. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.040548097 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Individual dopaminergic neurons show raised iron levels in Parkinson disease
Oakley, A. E., Collingwood, J. F., Dobson, J., Love, G., Perrott, H. R., Edwardson, J. A., Elstner, M., & Morris, C. M. (2007) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000262033.01945.9a · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Direct interorganellar transfer of iron from endosome to mitochondrion
Sheftel, A. D., Zhang, A., Brown, C. M., Shirihai, O. S., & Ponka, P. (2007) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2007-01-068148 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Mammalian Tissue Oxygen Levels Modulate Iron-Regulatory Protein Activities in Vivo
Meyron‐Holtz, E. G., Ghosh, M. C., & Rouault, T. A. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1103786 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Yamamoto, A., Shin, R., Hasegawa, K., Naiki, H., Sato, H., YOSHIMASU, F., & Kitamoto, T. (2003) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01061.x · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Shachar, D. B., Kahana, N., Kampel, V., Warshawsky, A., & Youdim, M. B. H. (2004) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2003.09.005 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Diferric transferrin regulates transferrin receptor 2 protein stability
Johnson, M. B., & Enns, C. A. (2004) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2004-06-2477 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Faucheux, B. A., Martin, M., Beaumont, C., Hauw, J., Agid, Y., & Hirsch, E. C. (2003) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01923.x · Cited by 229 · see citing works
The 2.0 A structure of human ferrochelatase, the terminal enzyme of heme biosynthesis.
(2001) · Nature Structural Biology · doi:10.1038/84152 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Galy, B., Ferring–Appel, D., Miñana, B., Bell, O., Janser, H., Muckenthaler, M. U., Schümann, K., & Hentze, M. W. (2005) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2005-04-1365 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Chen, W., Paradkar, P. N., Li, L., Pierce, E. L., Langer, N. B., Takahashi‐Makise, N., Hyde, B. B., Shirihai, O. S., Ward, D. M., Kaplan, J., et al. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0904519106 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Human ferrochelatase is an iron-sulfur protein
Dailey, H. A., Finnegan, M. G., & Johnson, M. K. (1994) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00168a003 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Discovery of Genes Essential for Heme Biosynthesis through Large-Scale Gene Expression Analysis
Nilsson, R., Schultz, I. J., Pierce, E. L., Soltis, K. A., Naranuntarat, A., Ward, D. M., Baughman, J. M., Paradkar, P. N., Kingsley, P. D., Culotta, V., et al. (2009) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2009.06.012 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Furuyama, K., Kaneko, K., & V., P. D. V. (2007) · The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1620/tjem.213.1 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Expression of the iron transporter ferroportin in synaptic vesicles and the blood-brain barrier
Wu, L. J.-C., Leenders, A. G. M., Cooperman, S., Meyron-Holtz, E., Smith, S., Land, W., Tsai, R. Y. L., Berger, U. V., Sheng, Z.-H., & Rouault, T. A. (2004) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2003.10.066 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Pondarré, C., Antiochos, B., Campagna, D. R., Clarke, S. L., Greer, E. L., Deck, K. M., McDonald, A. A., Han, A., Medlock, A. E., Kutok, J. L., et al. (2006) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddl012 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Mitochondrial ferritin expression in erythroid cells from patients with sideroblastic anemia
Cazzola, M., Invernizzi, R., Bergamaschi, G., Levi, S., Corsi, B., Travaglino, E., Rolandi, V., Biasiotto, G., Drysdale, J., & Arosio, P. (2003) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2002-07-2006 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Iron–sulfur proteins in health and disease
Sheftel, A. D., Stehling, O., & Lill, R. (2010) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2009.12.006 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Human Ind1, an Iron-Sulfur Cluster Assembly Factor for Respiratory Complex I
Sheftel, A. D., Stehling, O., Pierik, A. J., Netz, D. J. A., Kerscher, S., Elsässer, H., Wittig, I., Balk, J., Brandt, U., & Lill, R. (2009) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.00817-09 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Interaction of neuromelanin and iron in substantia nigra and other areas of human brain
Zecca, L., Shima, T., Stroppolo, A., Goj, C., Battiston, G. A., Gerbasi, R., Sarna, T., & Swartz, H. M. (1996) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(96)00047-4 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Mitochondrial complex I and II activities of lymphocytes and platelets in Parkinson's disease
Yoshino, H., Nakagawa-Hattori, Y., Kondo, T., & Mizuno, Y. (1992) · Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinsons Disease and Dementia Section · doi:10.1007/bf02257619 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Mastroberardino, P. G., Hoffman, E. K., Horowitz, M. P., Betarbet, R., Taylor, G., Cheng, D., Na, H. M., Gutekunst, C.-A., Gearing, M., Trojanowski, J. Q., et al. (2009) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2009.02.009 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of iron in mitochondrial function
Levi, S., & Rovida, E. (2008) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects · doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.09.008 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Reznichenko, L., Amit, T., Zheng, H., Avramovich‐Tirosh, Y., Youdim, M. B. H., Weinreb, O., & Mandel, S. A. (2006) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03770.x · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Iron metabolism in Parkinsonian syndromes
Berg, D., & Hochstrasser, H. (2006) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.21020 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Three Histidine Residues of Amyloid-β Peptide Control the Redox Activity of Copper and Iron
Nakamura, M., Shishido, N., Nunomura, A., Smith, M. A., Perry, G. L., Hayashi, Y., Nakayama, K., & Hayashi, T. (2007) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi701079z · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Friedlich, A. L., Tanzi, R. E., & Rogers, J. T. (2007) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001937 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Nie, G., Sheftel, A. D., Kim, S. F., & Ponka, P. (2004) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2004-07-2722 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Mitochondrial Ferritin Expression in Adult Mouse Tissues
Santambrogio, P., Biasiotto, G., Sanvito, F., Olivieri, S., Arosio, P., & Levi, S. (2007) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1369/jhc.7a7273.2007 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
The iron–sulphur protein Ind1 is required for effective complex I assembly
Bych, K., Kerscher, S., Netz, D. J. A., Pierik, A. J., Zwicker, K., Huynen, M. A., Lill, R., Brandt, U., & Balk, J. (2008) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/emboj.2008.98 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Campanella, A., Rovelli, E., Santambrogio, P., Cozzi, A., Taroni, F., & Levi, S. (2008) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddn308 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Cavadini, P., Biasiotto, G., Poli, M., Levi, S., Verardi, R., Zanella, I., Derosas, M., Ingrassia, R., Corrado, M., & Arosio, P. (2006) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2006-08-041632 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
In Vitro Studies of Ferritin Iron Release and Neurotoxicity
Double, K. L., Maywald, M., Schmittel, M., Riederer, P. F., & Gerlach, M. (1998) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70062492.x · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Shan, Y., Napoli, E., & Cortopassi, G. A. (2007) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddm038 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Crystal Structure of Human Iron Regulatory Protein 1 as Cytosolic Aconitase
Dupuy, J., Volbeda, A., Carpentier, P., Darnault, C., Moulis, J., & Fontecilla-Camps, J. C. (2006) · Structure · doi:10.1016/j.str.2005.09.009 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Iron-dependent regulation of frataxin expression: implications for treatment of Friedreich ataxia
Li, K., Besse, E. K., Ha, D., Kovtunovych, G., & Rouault, T. A. (2008) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddn127 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Differences in the RNA binding sites of iron regulatory proteins and potential target diversity.
Butt, J., Kim, H. Y., Basilion, J. P., Cohen, S., Iwaï, K., Philpott, C. C., Altschul, S. F., Klausner, R. D., & Rouault, T. A. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.9.4345 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Avramovich‐Tirosh, Y., Amit, T., Bar‐Am, O., Zheng, H., Fridkin, M., & Youdim, M. B. H. (2007) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04258.x · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Characterization and Expression of Iron Regulatory Protein 2 (IRP2)
Guo, B., Brown, F. M., Phillips, J. D., Yu, Y., & Leibold, E. A. (1995) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.270.28.16529 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Physical Evidence that Yeast Frataxin Is an Iron Storage Protein
Gakh, O., Adamec, J., Gacy, A. M., Twesten, R. D., Owen, W. G., & Isaya, G. (2002) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi025566+ · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Role of hepcidin in murine brain iron metabolism
Wang, S.-M., Fu, L.-L., Duan, X.-L., Crooks, D., Yu, P., Qian, Z., Di, X.-J., Li, J., Rouault, T. A., & Chang, Y. (2009) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-009-0167-3 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Distribution of the iron‐regulating protein hepcidin in the murine central nervous system
Zechel, S., Huber‐Wittmer, K., & Halbach, O. V. B. U. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.20991 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Zhang, A., Sheftel, A. D., & Ponka, P. (2004) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2004-06-2226 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Iron‐induced oligomerization of yeast frataxin homologue Yfh1 is dispensable in vivo
Aloria, K., Schilke, B. A., Andrew, A. J., & Craig, E. A. (2004) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400272 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Lhermitte, J., Kraus, W. M., & McAlpine, D. (1924) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.s1-5.19.195 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Garrick, M. D., & Garrick, L. M. (2009) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects · doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.03.018 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Johnson, M. B., Chen, J., Murchison, N., Green, F. A., & Enns, C. A. (2006) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-09-0798 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Disturbance of iron metabolism in Parkinson’s disease — ultrasonography as a biomarker
Berg, D., Hochstrasser, H., Schweitzer, K. J., & Rieß, O. (2006) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/bf03033302 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Shi, Z.-H., Nie, G., Duan, X.-L., Rouault, T. A., Wu, W.-S., Ning, B., Zhang, N., Chang, Y.-Z., & Zhao, B.-L. (2010) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2009.3018 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Divalent metal transporter 1 is involved in amyloid precursor protein processing and Aβ generation
Zheng, W. H., Xin, N., Chi, Z., Zhao, B.-L., Zhang, J., Li, J., & Wang, Z. (2009) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.09-135749 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Ghosh, M. C., Tong, W.-H., Zhang, D., Ollivierre, H., Singh, A., Krishna, M. C., Mitchell, J. B., & Rouault, T. A. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0805361105 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Shvartsman, M., Kikkeri, R. V., Shanzer, A., & Cabantchik, Z. I. (2007) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00054.2007 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Gal, S., Zheng, H., Fridkin, M., & Youdim, M. B. H. (2009) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/s12640-009-9070-9 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
nm1054: a spontaneous, recessive, hypochromic, microcytic anemia mutation in the mouse
Ohgami, R. S., Campagna, D. R., Antiochos, B., Wood, E., Sharp, J. J., Barker, J. E., & Fleming, M. D. (2005) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2005-01-0379 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Berg, D. (2006) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-005-0447-5 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Lange, H., Mühlenhoff, U., Denzel, M. S., Kispál, G., & Lill, R. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m403721200 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Oligodendrogenesis: the role of iron
Badaracco, M. E., Siri, M. V. R., & Pasquini, J. M. (2010) · BioFactors · doi:10.1002/biof.90 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Gal, S., Fridkin, M., Amit, T., Zheng, H., & Youdim, M. B. H. (2006) · Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders · doi:10.1007/978-3-211-45295-0_68 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
An oxidative stress‐mediated positive‐feedback iron uptake loop in neuronal cells
Núñez‐Millacura, C., Tapia, V., Muñoz, P., Maccioni, R. B., & Núñez, M. T. (2002) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00971.x · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Kaur, D., Rajagopalan, S., & Andersen, J. K. (2009) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.08.043 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Sheftel, A. D., & Lill, R. (2008) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890802322229 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Iron as a cause of Parkinson disease – a myth or a well established hypothesis?
Friedman, A., Gałązka-Friedman, J., & Koziorowski, D. (2009) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/s1353-8020(09)70817-x · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Kaur, D., Rajagopalan, S., Chinta, S., Kumar, J., Di Monte, D., Cherny, R. A., & Andersen, J. K. (2007) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.03.006 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Bandyopadhyay, S., Ni, J., Ruggiero, A., Walshe, K., Rogers, M. S., Chattopadhyay, N., Glicksman, M. A., & Rogers, J. T. (2006) · SLAS DISCOVERY · doi:10.1177/1087057106287271 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Lu, Z., Nie, G., Li, Y., Soe-Lin, S., Tao, Y., Cao, Y., Zhang, Z., Liu, N., Ponka, P., & Zhao, B. (2009) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2008.2306 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Avramovich‐Tirosh, Y., Amit, T., Bar‐Am, O., Weinreb, O., & Youdim, M. B. H. (2008) · BMC Neuroscience · doi:10.1186/1471-2202-9-s2-s2 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Role of transferrin receptor 2 in hepatic accumulation of iron in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Mifuji, R., Kobayashi, Y., Ma, N., et al. (2006) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005.04151.x · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Direct Interorganellar Transfer of Iron from Endosome to Mitochondrion.
Sheftel, A. D., Zhang, A., Brown, C. K., et al. (2006) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v108.11.268.268 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Kühn, L. C. (2009) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2009.11.005 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Role of rasagiline in treating Parkinson’s disease: effect on disease progression
Fernandez, H., & Malaty, I. A. (2009) · Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management · doi:10.2147/tcrm.s4321 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The role of iron in brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders
Ward, R. J., Zucca, F. A., Duyn, J. H., Crichton, R. R., & Zecca, L. (2014) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(14)70117-6 · Cited by 1,819 · see citing works
Repairing mitochondrial dysfunction in disease
Sorrentino, V., Menzies, K. J., & Auwerx, J. (2018) · Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010716-104908 · Cited by 337 · see citing works
de la Monte, S. M. (2017) · Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40265-016-0674-0 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Mitochondrial Mayhem: The Mitochondrion as a Modulator of Iron Metabolism and Its Role in Disease
Huang, M. L.-H., Lane, D. J. R., & Richardson, D. R. (2011) · Antioxidants & Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2011.3921 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
da Silva, V. K., de Freitas, B. S., da Silva Dornelles, A., Nery, L. R., Falavigna, L., Ferreira, R. D. P., Bogo, M. R., Hallak, J. E. C., Zuardi, A. W., Crippa, J. A. S., et al. (2014) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-013-8514-7 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Iron Pathophysiology in Alzheimer’s Diseases
Wang, T., Xu, S.-F., Fan, Y.-G., Li, L.-B., & Guo, C. (2019) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-9589-5_5 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Urinary metabolic phenotyping for Alzheimer’s disease
Kurbatova, N., Garg, M., Whiley, L., Chekmeneva, E., Jiménez, B., Gómez-Romero, M., Pearce, J., Kimhofer, T., D’Hondt, E., Soininen, H., et al. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78031-9 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
- Authors
- Horowitz, M. P., & Greenamyre, J. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Greenamyre, J. Timothy
- Venue
- Journal of Alzheimer s Disease
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2010-06-03
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- s2
- Pages
- S551-S568
- ISSN
- 1387-2877 (ISSN-L)
- 1875-8908
- PMC
- PMC3085540
- OpenAlex
- W1762178123
- Cited by
- 195
- References
- 117
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 1.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Alzheimer s Disease (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- American Parkinson Disease Association
- University of Pittsburgh
- Parkinson Vereniging
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P01NS059806, 1P02NS059806)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Keywords
- mitochondrial iron metabolism, iron homeostasis
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Homeostasis, Humans, Iron, Iron-Sulfur Proteins, Mitochondria, Models, Biological, Nerve Degeneration, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Iron-Regulatory Proteins
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review