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Can Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Be Prevented with Glucocorticoids?
Abstract
A bstract: Patients with critical illness who are treated in an intensive care unit (ICU) often report traumatic memories from ICU treatment, receive exogenously administered glucocorticoids for medical reasons, and have a relatively high incidence of chronic stress symptoms and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during follow‐up. ICU therapy could therefore represent a useful model for investigating glucocorticoid effects on traumatic memories and PTSD development. Studies in long‐term survivors of ICU treatment demonstrated a clear and vivid recall of different categories of traumatic memory such as nightmares, anxiety, respiratory distress, or pain. The incidence and intensity of PTSD symptoms increased with the number of categories of traumatic memory present. The prolonged administration of glucocorticoids (stress doses of hydrocortisone) to critically ill patients resulted in a significant reduction of PTSD symptoms measured after recovery without influencing the number of categories of traumatic memory. This protective effect of cortisol can possibly be explained by a cortisol‐induced temporary impairment in traumatic memory retrieval which has previously been demonstrated in both rats and humans. Therefore, stress doses of hydrocortisone could be useful for prophylaxis and treatment of PTSD.
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“Data on human PTSD support a protective role for adequate glucocorticoid levels at time of trauma.”
From Neurobiological and Systemic Effects of Chronic Stress (2017) · cites this paper as [35]
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Autobiographical Memory Impairment in Female Victims of Intimate Partner Violence
Billoux, S., Arbus, C., Telmon, N., & Voltzenlogel, V. (2016) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1007/s10896-016-9838-7 · Cited by 18
“The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis is very involved in stress response and could disrupt memory and emotional processes due to the presence of glucocorticoid receptors in limbic structures (Schelling et al. 2004).”
BackgroundA Review of Psychopharmacological Interventions Post-Disaster to Prevent Psychiatric Sequelae
Birur, B., Math, S. B., & Fargason, R. E. (2025) · Psychopharmacology Bulletin · doi:10.64719/pb.4352 · Cited by 17
Schuder, S. (2005) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1356.036 · Cited by 16
Emotional Hormones and Memory Modulation
McGaugh, J. L., & Roozendaal, B. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-008045046-9.00849-4 · Cited by 23
Self-citationMental Health Treatment for Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence
Warshaw, C., & Brashler, P. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195179323.003.0024 · Cited by 15
Klimkiewicz, A., Jasionowska, J., Schmalenberg, A., Klimkiewicz, J., Jasińska, A., & Silczuk, A. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10153425 · Cited by 14
An allostatic epigenetic memory on chromatin footprints after double-hit acute stress
Caradonna, S. G., Paul, M. R., & Marrocco, J. (2022) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2022.100475 · Cited by 13
Wie geht Kultur unter die Haut?
Niewöhner, J., Kehl, C., & Beck, S. (2008) · transcript Verlag eBooks · doi:10.14361/9783839409268 · Cited by 12
Prevalence of shingles and its association with PTSD among HIV-infected women in Rwanda
Sinayobye, J. D., Hoover, D. R., Shi, Q., Mutimura, E., Cohen, H. W., & Anastos, K. (2015) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005506 · Cited by 12
“This may explain why PTSD remained independently associated with shingles in the final multivariate model of our study while depression did not.(46) Several studies have found a direct or indirect association of shingles with HIV/immunological status.”
ResultCommentary: biological findings in PTSD — too much or too little?
Shalev, A. Y., & Segman, R. H. (2007) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(07)67013-7 · Cited by 12
PTSD: From Neurons to Networks
Rao, R. P., Suvrathan, A., Miller, M. M., McEwen, B. S., & Chattarji, S. (2009) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-329-9_7 · Cited by 11
Estrés prenatal, neurodesarrollo y psicopatología
Gaviria, A. M. C., & Lucía, S. (2006) · Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría · Cited by 10
Kok, L., Hillegers, M. H. J., Veldhuijzen, D. S., Boks, M. P., Dieleman, J. M., van Dijk, D., Joëls, M., & Vinkers, C. H. (2018) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.05.015 · Cited by 11
Meduri, G. U. (2025) · Exploration of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases · doi:10.37349/eemd.2025.101432 · Cited by 9
Bertolini, F., Robertson, L., Bisson, J. I., Meader, N., Churchill, R. C., Ostuzzi, G., Stein, D. J., Williams, T., & Barbui, C. (2024) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013613.pub2 · Cited by 9
LaLumiere, R. T., & Kalivas, P. W. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012372540-0/50015-7 · Cited by 8
Disease Markers: Molecular Biology of PTSD
Yehuda, R. (2011) · Disease Markers · doi:10.1155/2011/631963 · Cited by 8
A New Appraisal of Combined Treatments for PTSD in the Era of Psychotherapy Adjunctive Medications
Sheerin, C. M., Seim, R. W., & Spates, C. R. (2011) · Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy · doi:10.1007/s10879-011-9195-z · Cited by 6
Stress Effects on Learning and Memory in Humans
Wolf, O. T. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802175-0.00031-0 · Cited by 7
Disease markers: molecular biology of PTSD.
Yehuda, R. (2011) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.3233/dma-2011-0785 · Cited by 5
“Disease Markers 30 (2011) 61–65 61 DOI 10.3233/DMA-2011-0785 IOS Press Introduction Disease Markers: Molecular Biology of”
InfluentialXing, X., Wang, H., Zhang, L., Bai, Y., Liang, J., Liu, Z., & Zheng, X. (2015) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2015.03.013 · Cited by 4
“Third, glucocorticoid agents have been reported to effectively alleviate the aberrant fear/anxiety symptoms that are seen in PTSD or phobia patients (Aerni et al., 2004; Schelling et al., 2004; Soravia et al., 2006).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- SCHELLING, G., ROOZENDAAL, B., & de QUERVAIN, D. J. ‐.
- Affiliations
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- Corresponding author
- SCHELLING, GUSTAV
- Venue
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-12
- Volume
- 1032
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 158-166
- ISSN
- 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
- 1749-6632
- OpenAlex
- W2131975102
- Cited by
- 130
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 12.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, glucocorticoids, cortisol, intensive care unit, critical illness, traumatic memory, PTSD prevention, memory retrieval
- MeSH terms
- Critical Care, Emotions, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Memory, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Critical Illness, Survivors
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