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Vitamin D Deficiency and Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in the Elderly: Consequences for Bone Loss and Fractures and Therapeutic Implications

Lips, Paul·2001·Endocrine Reviews
DOI 10.1210/edrv.22.4.0437
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Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency is common in the elderly, especially in the housebound and in geriatric patients. The establishment of strict diagnostic criteria is hampered by differences in assay methods for 25-hydroxyvitamin D. The synthesis of vitamin D3 in the skin under influence of UV light decreases with aging due to insufficient sunlight exposure, and a decreased functional capacity of the skin. The diet contains a minor part of the vitamin D requirement. Vitamin D deficiency in the elderly is less common in the United States than elsewhere due to the fortification of milk and use of supplements. Deficiency in vitamin D causes secondary hyperparathyroidism, high bone turnover, bone loss, mineralization defects, and hip and other fractures. Less certain consequences include myopathy and falls. A diet low in calcium may cause an increased turnover of vitamin D metabolites and thereby aggravate vitamin D deficiency. Prevention is feasible by UV light exposure, food fortification, and supplements. Vitamin D3 supplementation causes a decrease of the serum PTH concentration, a decrease of bone turnover, and an increase of bone mineral density. Vitamin D3 and calcium may decrease the incidence of hip and other peripheral fractures in nursing home residents. Vitamin D3 is recommended in housebound elderly, and it may be cost-effective in hip fracture prevention in selected risk groups.

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Metadata

Authors
Lips, P.
Venue
Endocrine Reviews
Publisher
The Endocrine Society
Published
2001-08-01
Volume
22
Issue
4
Pages
477-501
ISSN
  • 0163-769X (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7189
DOI
10.1210/edrv.22.4.0437
OpenAlex
W2137266781
Cited by
2,118
References
4
FWCI
22.43
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Vitamin D Deficiency and Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in the Elderly: Consequences for Bone Loss and Fractures and Therapeutic Implications. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1210/edrv.22.4.0437
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Lips, P. (2001). Vitamin D Deficiency and Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in the Elderly: Consequences for Bone Loss and Fractures and Therapeutic Implications. Endocrine Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv.22.4.0437

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