Cited by 181Thyroid Disorders and TreatmentsGrowth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth FactorsThyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Life without Thyroxine to 3,5,3′-Triiodothyronine Conversion: Studies in Mice Devoid of the 5′-Deiodinases

Open access

Galton, Valerie Anne, Schneider, Mark J., Clark, Ann S., St. Germain, Donald L.·2009·Endocrinology

DOI 10.1210/en.2008-1572PMC PMC2689801

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Considerable indirect evidence suggests that the type 2 deiodinase (D2) generates T(3) from T(4) for local use in specific tissues including pituitary, brown fat, and brain, whereas the type I deiodinase (D1) generates T(3) from T(4) in the thyroid and peripheral tissues primarily for export to plasma. From studies in deiodinase-deficient mice, the importance of the D2 for local T(3) generation has been confirmed. However, the phenotypes of these D1 knockout (KO) and D2KO mice are surprisingly mild and their serum T(3) level, general health, and reproductive capacity are unimpaired. To explore further the importance of 5'deiodination in thyroid hormone economy, we used a mouse devoid of both D1 and D2 activity. In general, the phenotype of the D1/D2KO mouse is the sum of the phenotypes of the D1KO and D2KO mice. It appears healthy and breeds well, and most surprisingly its serum T(3) level is normal. However, impairments in brain gene expression and possibly neurological function are somewhat greater than those seen in the D2KO mouse, and the serum rT(3) level is elevated 6-fold in the D1/D2KO mouse but only 2-fold in the D1KO mouse and not at all in the D2KO mouse. The data suggest that whereas D1 and D2 are not essential for the maintenance of the serum T(3) level, they do serve important roles in thyroid hormone homeostasis, the D2 being critical for local T(3) production and the D1 playing an important role in iodide conservation by serving as a scavenger enzyme in peripheral tissues and the thyroid.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1210/en.2008-1572

Cites

37 of 37 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, and physiological roles of the iodothyronine selenodeiodinases
Bianco, A. C., Salvatore, D., Gereben, B., Berry, M. J., & Larsen, P. R. (2002) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.23.1.0455 · Cited by 1,853
The type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase is essential for adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue
de Jesus, L. A., Carvalho, S. D., Ribeiro, M. O., Schneider, M. J., Kim, S.-W., Harney, J. W., Larsen, P. R., & Bianco, A. C. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200113803 · Cited by 537
Self-citation
Mutations in SECISBP2 result in abnormal thyroid hormone metabolism
Dumitrescu, A. M., Liao, X.-H., Abdullah, M. S. Y., Lado-Abeal, J., Majed, F. A., Moeller, L. C., Boran, G., Schomburg, L., Weiss, R. E., & Refetoff, S. (2005) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng1654 · Cited by 412
Targeted Disruption of the Type 2 Selenodeiodinase Gene (DIO 2) Results in a Phenotype of Pituitary Resistance to T4
Schneider, M. J., Fiering, S. N., Pallud, S. E., Parlow, A. F., St. Germain, D. L., & Galton, V. A. (2001) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/mend.15.12.0740 · Cited by 376
Self-citation
Type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase is the major source of plasma T3 in euthyroid humans
Luiza Maia, A. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci25083 · Cited by 360
SPECIFIC NUCLEAR TRIIODOTHYRONINE BINDING SITES IN RAT LIVER AND KIDNEY1
Oppenheimer, J. H., Koerner, D. R., Schwartz, H. L., & Surks, M. I. (1972) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-35-2-330 · Cited by 340
Perspectives in the Study of Thyroid Hormone Action on Brain Development and Function
Bernal, J., Guadaño‐Ferraz, A., & Morte, B. (2003) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/105072503770867174 · Cited by 292
Thyroid Hormone Action in Neural Development
Thompson, C. C. (2000) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/10.10.939 · Cited by 265
Targeted Disruption of the Type 1 Selenodeiodinase Gene (Dio1) Results in Marked Changes in Thyroid Hormone Economy in Mice
Schneider, M. J., Fiering, S. N., Thai, B., Wu, S.-Y., St. Germain, E., Parlow, A. F., St. Germain, D. L., & Galton, V. A. (2006) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2005-0739 · Cited by 265
Self-citation
The Deiodination of the Iodothyronines and of Their Derivatives in Man
Engler, D., & Burger, A. (1984) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv-5-2-151 · Cited by 237

Show all 37 references

Sorted by citations

Guidelines for the Treatment of Hypothyroidism: Prepared by the American Thyroid Association Task Force on Thyroid Hormone Replacement
Jonklaas, J., Bianco, A. C., Bauer, A. J., Burman, K. D., Cappola, A. R., Celi, F. S., Cooper, D. S., Kim, B. W., Peeters, R. P., Rosenthal, M. S., et al. (2014) · Thyroid® · doi:10.1089/thy.2014.0028 · Cited by 1,928
Role of Thyroid Hormones in Skeletal Development and Bone Maintenance
Bassett, J. H. D., & Williams, G. R. (2016) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2015-1106 · Cited by 540
The human selenoproteome: recent insights into functions and regulation
Reeves, M. A., & Hoffmann, P. R. (2009) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-009-0032-4 · Cited by 540
Mechanisms behind the non-thyroidal illness syndrome: an update
Warner, M., & Beckett, G. J. (2009) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe-09-0412 · Cited by 438
Selenium, selenoproteins and the thyroid gland: interactions in health and disease
Schomburg, L. (2011) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2011.174 · Cited by 377
Deiodinases and their intricate role in thyroid hormone homeostasis
Luongo, C., Dentice, M., & Salvatore, D. (2019) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-019-0218-2 · Cited by 332
Mutations in the selenocysteine insertion sequence-binding protein 2 gene lead to a multisystem selenoprotein deficiency disorder in humans
Schoenmakers, E., Agostini, M., Mitchell, C., Schoenmakers, N., Papp, L., Rajanayagam, O., Padidela, R., Ceron-Gutierrez, L., Doffinger, R., Prevosto, C., et al. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci43653 · Cited by 315
Defining the Roles of the Iodothyronine Deiodinases: Current Concepts and Challenges
Germain, D. L. S., Galton, V. A., & Hernández, A. (2009) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2008-1588 · Cited by 303
Self-citation
Paradigms of dynamic control of thyroid hormone signaling
Bianco, A. C., Dumitrescu, A., Gereben, B., Ribeiro, M. O., Fonseca, T. L., Fernandes, G. W., & Bocco, B. M. L. C. (2019) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2018-00275 · Cited by 293
Importance of selenium and selenoprotein for brain function: From antioxidant protection to neuronal signalling
Solovyev, N. D. (2015) · Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.09.003 · Cited by 290
Type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase in human physiology and disease
Maia, A. L., Goemann, I. M., Meyer, E. L. D. S., & Wajner, S. M. (2011) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-10-0481 · Cited by 229
Thyroid Hormone Transporters
Groeneweg, S., van Geest, F. S., Peeters, R. P., Heuer, H., & Visser, W. E. (2020) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnz008 · Cited by 216
The role of thyroglobulin in thyroid hormonogenesis
Citterio, C. E., Targovnik, H. M., & Arvan, P. (2019) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-019-0184-8 · Cited by 216
Evaluating Chemicals for Thyroid Disruption: Opportunities and Challenges with in Vitro Testing and Adverse Outcome Pathway Approaches
Noyes, P. D., Friedman, K. P., Browne, P., Haselman, J. T., Gilbert, M. E., Hornung, M. W., Barone, S., Crofton, K. M., Laws, S. C., Stoker, T. E., et al. (2019) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp5297 · Cited by 215
Thyroid hormone action during brain development: More questions than answers
Horn, S., & Heuer, H. (2009) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2009.09.008 · Cited by 193
The classic pathways of thyroid hormone metabolism
van der Spek, A. H., Fliers, E., & Boelen, A. (2017) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.025 · Cited by 194
Thyroid Hormones, T3 and T4, in the Brain
Schroeder, A. C., & Privalsky, M. L. (2014) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2014.00040 · Cited by 191
Differences in hypothalamic type 2 deiodinase ubiquitination explain localized sensitivity to thyroxine
Werneck de Castro, J. P., Fonseca, T. L., Ueta, C. B., McAninch, E. A., Abdalla, S., Wittmann, G., Lechan, R. M., Gereben, B., & Bianco, A. C. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci77588 · Cited by 184
IL-6 promotes nonthyroidal illness syndrome by blocking thyroxine activation while promoting thyroid hormone inactivation in human cells
Wajner, S. M., Goemann, I. M., Bueno, A. L., Larsen, P. R., & Maia, A. L. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci44678 · Cited by 168
Euthyroid Sick Syndrome
Lee, S. Y., & Farwell, A. P. (2016) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c150017 · Cited by 178
Thyroid Physiology and Diagnostic Evaluation of Patients with Thyroid Disorders
Salvatore, D., Davies, T. F., Schlumberger, M.-J., HAY, I. D., & Larsen, P. R. (2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-0324-5.00011-0 · Cited by 156
Defending plasma T3 is a biological priority
Abdalla, S. M., & Bianco, A. C. (2014) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.12538 · Cited by 147
Optimal bone strength and mineralization requires the type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in osteoblasts
Bassett, J. H. D., BOYDE, A., Howell, P., BASSETT, R., Galliford, T. M., Archanco, M., Evans, H., Lawson, M. A., Croucher, P. I., Germain, D. L. S., et al. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0911346107 · Cited by 147
Self-citation
Halogenated Phenolic Contaminants Inhibit the In Vitro Activity of the Thyroid-Regulating Deiodinases in Human Liver
Butt, C. M., Wang, D., & Stapleton, H. M. (2011) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfr117 · Cited by 135
Adaptive dysfunction of selenoproteins from the perspective of the triage theory: why modest selenium deficiency may increase risk of diseases of aging
McCann, J. C., & Ames, B. N. (2011) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.11-180885 · Cited by 125
Minireview: The Neural Regulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis
Costa-e-Sousa, R. H., & Hollenberg, A. N. (2012) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2012-1467 · Cited by 126
Thyroid hormone signaling during early neurogenesis and its significance as a vulnerable window for endocrine disruption
Préau, L., Fini, J., Morvan-Dubois, G., & DEMENEIX, B. A. (2014) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms · doi:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.06.015 · Cited by 123
Clinical and Molecular Characterization of a Novel Selenocysteine Insertion Sequence-Binding Protein 2 (SBP2) Gene Mutation (R128X)
Cosmo, C. D., McLellan, N., Liao, X.-H., Khanna, K. K., Weiss, R. E., Papp, L. V., & Refetoff, S. (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-0686 · Cited by 116
Role of the Iodothyronine Deiodinases in the Physiology and Pathophysiology of Thyroid Hormone Action
Larsen, P. R., & Zavacki, A. M. (2012) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1159/000343922 · Cited by 119
The interplay of thyroid hormones and the immune system – where we stand and why we need to know about it
Wenzek, C., Boelen, A., Westendorf, A. M., Engel, D. R., Moeller, L. C., & Führer-Sakel, D. (2022) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-21-1171 · Cited by 125
Physiological role and regulation of iodothyronine deiodinases: A 2011 update
Marsili, A., Zavacki, A. M., Harney, J. W., & Larsen, P. R. (2011) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/bf03347465 · Cited by 103
Bone Turnover and Bone Mineral Density Are Independently Related to Selenium Status in Healthy Euthyroid Postmenopausal Women
Hoeg, A., Gogakos, A. I., Murphy, E., Mueller, S., Köhrle, J., Reid, D. M., Glüer, C., Felsenberg, D., Roux, C., Eastell, R., et al. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-2121 · Cited by 101
Nonthyroidal illness syndrome
Farwell, A. P. (2013) · Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity · doi:10.1097/01.med.0000433069.09294.e8 · Cited by 100
Thyroid axis function and dysfunction in critical illness
Mebis, L., & Van den Berghe, G. (2011) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.beem.2011.03.002 · Cited by 99
Understanding selenoprotein function and regulation through the use of rodent models
Kasaikina, M. V., Hatfield, D. L., & Gladyshev, V. N. (2012) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.02.018 · Cited by 98
The Deiodinase Trio and Thyroid Hormone Signaling
Bianco, A. C., & da Conceição, R. R. (2018) · Methods in Molecular Biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-7902-8_8 · Cited by 96
Hypothyroidism and brain developmental players
Ahmed, R. G. (2015) · Thyroid Research · doi:10.1186/s13044-015-0013-7 · Cited by 90
Knockdown of Type 3 Iodothyronine Deiodinase Severely Perturbs Both Embryonic and Early Larval Development in Zebrafish
Heijlen, M., Houbrechts, A. M., Bagci, E., Herck, S. L. J. V., Kersseboom, S., Esguerra, C. V., Blust, R., Visser, T. J., Knapen, D., & Darras, V. (2014) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2013-1660 · Cited by 89
Genomic and Non-Genomic Mechanisms of Action of Thyroid Hormones and Their Catabolite 3,5-Diiodo-L-Thyronine in Mammals
Giammanco, M., Liegro, C. M. D., Schiera, G., & Liegro, I. D. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21114140 · Cited by 93
Intracellular thyroid hormone metabolism as a local regulator of nuclear thyroid hormone receptor-mediated impact on vertebrate development
Darras, V., Houbrechts, A. M., & Herck, S. L. J. V. (2014) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms · doi:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.05.004 · Cited by 88
Selenoproteins in Nervous System Development and Function
Pitts, M. W., Byrns, C. N., Ogawa-Wong, A. N., Kremer, P. M., & Berry, M. J. (2014) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-014-0060-2 · Cited by 91
Iodothyronine deiodinases: a functional and evolutionary perspective
Orozco, A., Valverde-R, C., Olvera, A., & Gutiérrez, M. C. G. (2012) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-12-0258 · Cited by 88
High-Fat Diet Increases Thyrotropin and Oxygen Consumption without Altering Circulating 3,5,3′-Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine in Rats: The Role of Iodothyronine Deiodinases, Reverse T3 Production, and Whole-Body Fat Oxidation
Araújo, R. L., Andrade, B. M., Padrón, A. S., Gaidhu, M. P., Perry, R. L. S., de Carvalho, D. P., & Ceddia, R. B. (2010) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2010-0026 · Cited by 86
Regulation of thyroid-disrupting chemicals to protect the developing brain
Gilbert, M. E., O’Shaughnessy, K. L., & Axelstad, M. (2020) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqaa106 · Cited by 83
Is there a role for thyroid hormone on spermatogenesis?
Wagner, M. S., Wajner, S. M., & Maia, A. L. (2009) · Microscopy Research and Technique · doi:10.1002/jemt.20759 · Cited by 86
Distinct Roles of Deiodinases on the Phenotype of Mct8 Defect: A Comparison of Eight Different Mouse Genotypes
Liao, X.-H., Cosmo, C. D., Dumitrescu, A. M., Hernández, A., SANDE, J. V., Germain, D. L. S., Weiss, R. E., Galton, V. A., & Refetoff, S. (2011) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2010-0900 · Cited by 79
Self-citation
Neurodevelopment and Thyroid Hormone Synthesis Inhibition in the Rat: Quantitative Understanding Within the Adverse Outcome Pathway Framework
Hassan, I., El-Masri, H. A., Kosian, P. A., Ford, J., Degitz, S. J., & Gilbert, M. E. (2017) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfx163 · Cited by 79
Thyroid hormones: Possible roles in epilepsy pathology
Tamijani, S. M. S., Karimi, B., Amini, E., Golpich, M., Dargahi, L., Raymond, A. A., Ibrahim, N. M., Mohamed, Z., Ghasemi, R., & Ahmadiani, A. (2015) · Seizure · doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2015.07.021 · Cited by 75
Metabolism of Thyroid Hormone
Peeters, R. P., & Visser, T. J. (2012) · Cited by 75
MiR-224 Targets the 3′UTR of Type 1 5′-Iodothyronine Deiodinase Possibly Contributing to Tissue Hypothyroidism in Renal Cancer
Bogusławska, J., Wójcicka, A., Piekiełko‐Witkowska, A., Master, A., & Nauman, A. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024541 · Cited by 74
Bioinformatics of Selenoproteins
Santesmasses, D., Mariotti, M., & Gladyshev, V. N. (2020) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2020.8044 · Cited by 71
Zebrafish as a model to study peripheral thyroid hormone metabolism in vertebrate development
Heijlen, M., Houbrechts, A. M., & Darras, V. (2013) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.04.004 · Cited by 69
Screening the ToxCast Phase 1 Chemical Library for Inhibition of Deiodinase Type 1 Activity
Hornung, M. W., Korte, J. J., Olker, J. H., Denny, J. S., Knutsen, C., Hartig, P. C., Cardon, M. C., & Degitz, S. J. (2017) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfx279 · Cited by 67
Thyroid Hormone and the Neuroglia: Both Source and Target
Mohácsik, P., Zeöld, A., Bianco, A. C., & Gereben, B. (2011) · Journal of Thyroid Research · doi:10.4061/2011/215718 · Cited by 65
Type 2 Deiodinase Disruption in Astrocytes Results in Anxiety-Depressive-Like Behavior in Male Mice
Bocco, B. M. L. C., Werneck‐de‐Castro, J. P., Oliveira, K. C., Fernandes, G. W., Fonseca, T. L., do Nascimento, B. P. P., McAninch, E. A., Ricci, E. L., Kvárta-Papp, Z., Fekete, C., et al. (2016) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2016-1272 · Cited by 63
An AOP-based alternative testing strategy to predict the impact of thyroid hormone disruption on swim bladder inflation in zebrafish
Stinckens, E., Vergauwen, L., Ankley, G. T., Blust, R., Darras, V., Villeneuve, D. L., Witters, H. E., Volz, D. C., & Knapen, D. (2018) · Aquatic Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.04.009 · Cited by 64
Liothyronine and Desiccated Thyroid Extract in the Treatment of Hypothyroidism
Idrees, T., Palmer, S., Maciel, R. M. B., & Bianco, A. C. (2020) · Thyroid® · doi:10.1089/thy.2020.0153 · Cited by 58
Thyroid Hormone Function in the Rat Testis
Gao, Y., Lee, W. M., & Cheng, C. Y. (2014) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2014.00188 · Cited by 57
Tolerance to Selenoprotein Loss Differs between Human and Mouse
Santesmasses, D., Mariotti, M., & Gladyshev, V. N. (2019) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msz218 · Cited by 60
Cardiac Thyroid Hormone Metabolism and Heart Failure
Janssen, R., Muller, A., & Simonides, W. S. (2017) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1159/000469708 · Cited by 56
Thyroid Hormone Deiodinases: Dynamic Switches in Developmental Transitions
Hernández, A., Martinez, M. E., Ng, L., & Forrest, D. (2021) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqab091 · Cited by 57
Deiodinase Activities in Thyroids and Tissues of Iodine-Deficient Female Rats
Lavado-Autric, R., Calvo, R. M., de Mena, R. M., de Escobar, G. M., & Obregón, M.-J. (2012) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2012-1727 · Cited by 54
Unveiling the Molecular Mechanisms Behind Selenium-Related Diseases Through Knockout Mouse Studies
Conrad, M., & Schweizer, U. (2009) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2009.2912 · Cited by 51
Combined antisense knockdown of type 1 and type 2 iodothyronine deiodinases disrupts embryonic development in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Walpita, C. N., Crawford, A. D., & Darras, V. (2009) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.09.011 · Cited by 49
The Syndrome of Inherited Partial SBP2 Deficiency in Humans
Dumitrescu, A. M., Cosmo, C. D., Liao, X.-H., Weiss, R. E., & Refetoff, S. (2009) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2009.2892 · Cited by 49
Mouse Models Targeting Selenocysteine tRNA Expression for Elucidating the Role of Selenoproteins in Health and Development
Carlson, B. A., Yoo, M., Tsuji, P. A., Gladyshev, V. N., & Hatfield, D. L. (2009) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules14093509 · Cited by 49
Analysis of Thyroid Response Element Activity during Retinal Development
Billings, N., Emerson, M. M., & Cepko, C. L. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013739 · Cited by 45
Modulation of Type I Iodothyronine 5’-Deiodinase Activity in white Adipose Tissue by Nutrition: Possible Involvement of Leptin
Jílková, Z. M., Pavelka, S., Flachs, P., Hensler, M., Kůs, V., & Kopecký, J. (2010) · Physiological Research · doi:10.33549/physiolres.931866 · Cited by 47
Rethinking the biological relationships of the thyroid hormones, l-thyroxine and 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine
Maher, S. K., Wojnarowicz, P., Ichu, T.-A., Veldhoen, N., Lu, L., Lesperance, M., Propper, C. R., & Helbing, C. C. (2016) · Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D Genomics and Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.cbd.2016.04.002 · Cited by 44
Thyroid Physiology and Diagnostic Evaluation of Patients With Thyroid Disorders
Salvatore, D., Davies, T. F., Schlumberger, M.-J., HAY, I. D., & Larsen, P. R. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-29738-7.00011-3 · Cited by 44
De novo triiodothyronine formation from thyrocytes activated by thyroid-stimulating hormone
Citterio, C. E., Veluswamy, B., Morgan, S. J., Galton, V. A., Banga, J. P., Atkins, S., Morishita, Y., Neumann, S., Latif, R., Gershengorn, M. C., et al. (2017) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m117.784447 · Cited by 42
Self-citation
The relevance of T3 in the management of hypothyroidism
Salvatore, D., Porcelli, T., Ettleson, M. D., & Bianco, A. C. (2022) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(22)00004-3 · Cited by 44
INCREASED TYPE 3 DEIODINASE EXPRESSION IN PAPILLARY THYROID CARCINOMA
Maia, A. L., Romitti, M., Wajner, S. M., Zennig, N., Goemann, I. M., Bueno, A. L., & Meyer, E. L. D. S. (2012) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2012.0031 · Cited by 42
Life Without the Iodothyronine Deiodinases
Galton, V. A., de Waard, E. A. C., Parlow, A. F., Germain, D. L. S., & Hernández, A. (2014) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2014-1184 · Cited by 44
Self-citation
Thyroid Hormone Role on Cerebellar Development and Maintenance: A Perspective Based on Transgenic Mouse Models
Faustino, L. C., & Ortiga-Carvalho, T. M. (2014) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2014.00075 · Cited by 39
Cross-species applicability of an adverse outcome pathway network for thyroid hormone system disruption
Haigis, A.-C., Vergauwen, L., LaLone, C. A., Villeneuve, D. L., O’Brien, J. M., & Knapen, D. (2023) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfad063 · Cited by 40
Thyroid Hormone Action in Cerebellum and Cerebral Cortex Development
Chatonnet, F., Picou, F., Fauquier, T., & Flamant, F. (2011) · Journal of Thyroid Research · doi:10.4061/2011/145762 · Cited by 38
Emerging Therapies in Hypothyroidism
Bianco, A. C. (2024) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev-med-060622-101007 · Cited by 36
Tissue thyroid hormone metabolism is differentially regulated during illness in mice
Boelen, A., van der Spek, A. H., Bloise, F., de Vries, E. M., Surovtseva, O. V., van Beeren, M., Ackermans, M. T., Kwakkel, J., & Fliers, E. (2017) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-16-0483 · Cited by 35
Thyroid hormones and learning-associated neuroplasticity
Raymaekers, S. R., & Darras, V. (2017) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.04.001 · Cited by 36
Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy: Three ‘Simple’ Questions, Complex Answers
Bianco, A. C., & Casula, S. (2012) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1159/000339447 · Cited by 32
Astrocyte Elevated Gene-1 (AEG-1) Contributes to Non-thyroidal Illness Syndrome (NTIS) Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
Srivastava, J., Robertson, C. L., Gredler, R., Siddiq, A., Rajasekaran, D., Akiel, M., Emdad, L., Mas, V. R., Mukhopadhyay, N. D., Fisher, P. B., et al. (2015) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m115.649707 · Cited by 31
The 5′-Deiodinases Are Not Essential for the Fasting-Induced Decrease in Circulating Thyroid Hormone Levels in Male Mice: Possible Roles for the Type 3 Deiodinase and Tissue Sequestration of Hormone
Galton, V. A., Hernández, A., & Germain, D. L. S. (2014) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2013-1884 · Cited by 31
Self-citation
Sustained release T3 therapy: animal models and translational applications
Idrees, T., Price, J. D., Piccariello, T., & Bianco, A. C. (2019) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00544 · Cited by 30
Cardiovascular and Neuronal Consequences of Thyroid Hormones Alterations in the Ischemic Stroke
Murolo, M., Vincenzo, O. D., Cicatiello, A. G., Scalfi, L., & Dentice, M. (2022) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo13010022 · Cited by 30
The Ability of Thyroid Hormone Receptors to Sense T4 as an Agonist Depends on Receptor Isoform and on Cellular Cofactors
Schroeder, A. C., Jimenez, R., Young, B. M., & Privalsky, M. L. (2014) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.2013-1335 · Cited by 30
Influence of temperature on thyroid hormone signaling and endocrine disruptor action in Rana (Lithobates) catesbeiana tadpoles
Hammond, S. A., Veldhoen, N., & Helbing, C. C. (2015) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.12.001 · Cited by 33
Low free T3 to free T4 ratio was associated with low muscle mass and impaired physical performance in community-dwelling aged population
Kong, S. H., Kim, J. H., Park, Y. J., Lee, J. H., Hong, A. R., Shin, C. S., & Cho, N. H. (2020) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-019-05137-w · Cited by 28
Selenium metabolism and selenoproteins function in brain and encephalopathy
Li, N., Zhang, Z.-H., Shen, L., Song, G.-L., Tian, J., Liu, Q., & Ni, J. (2024) · Science China Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11427-023-2621-7 · Cited by 29
Central Hypothyroidism in Children
García, M., Fernández, A., & Moreno, J. C. (2014) · Endocrine development · doi:10.1159/000363157 · Cited by 28
Deletion of the Thyroid Hormone–Activating Type 2 Deiodinase Rescues Cone Photoreceptor Degeneration but Not Deafness in Mice Lacking Type 3 Deiodinase
Ng, L., Liu, H., Germain, D. L. S., Hernández, A., & Forrest, D. (2017) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2017-00055 · Cited by 28
Short-term effects of thyroid hormones during development: Focus on signal transduction
Scapin, S., Leoni, S., Spagnuolo, S., Gnocchi, D., Vito, P. D., Luly, P., Pedersen, J. Z., & Incerpi, S. (2009) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2009.10.013 · Cited by 28
Factors and Mechanisms of Thyroid Hormone Activity in the Brain: Possible Role in Recovery and Protection
Sabatino, L., Lapi, D., & Seppia, C. D. (2024) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom14020198 · Cited by 34
Regulation of T3 Availability in the Developing Brain: The Mouse Genetics Contribution
Richard, S., & Flamant, F. (2018) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00265 · Cited by 29
Thyroid function in the subacute phase of traumatic brain injury: a potential predictor of post-traumatic neurological and functional outcomes
Mele, C., Pagano, L., Franciotta, D. M., Caputo, M., Nardone, A., Aimaretti, G., Marzullo, P., & Pingue, V. (2021) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-021-01656-8 · Cited by 26
The ups and downs of the thyroxine pro-hormone hypothesis
Galton, V. A. (2017) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.029 · Cited by 28
Self-citation
Thyroid Hormone Metabolism: A Historical Perspective
Galton, V. A., & Hernández, A. (2022) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2022.0161 · Cited by 29
Self-citation
Adult Mice Lacking the Type 2 Iodothyronine Deiodinase Have Increased Subchondral Bone but Normal Articular Cartilage
Waung, J. A., Bassett, J. H. D., & Williams, G. R. (2014) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2014.0476 · Cited by 25
The Challenges and Complexities of Thyroid Hormone Replacement
Kansagra, S. M., McCudden, C. R., & Willis, M. S. (2010) · Laboratory Medicine · doi:10.1309/lmb39th2fzgndgim · Cited by 25
Iodothyronine deiodinases and cancer.
Piekiełko‐Witkowska, A., & Nauman, A. (2011) · PubMed · doi:10.3275/7754 · Cited by 24

Authors: Galton, V. A., Schneider, M. J., Clark, A. S., & St. Germain, D. L.
Affiliations: Departments of Physiology (V.A.G., M.J.S., D.L.S.G.), Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756
Dartmouth College (US)
ORCID: Galton, Valerie Anne
Clark, Ann S.
Venue: Endocrinology
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Published: 2009-02-05
Volume: 150
Issue: 6
Pages: 2957-2963
ISSN: 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
1945-7170
DOI: 10.1210/en.2008-1572
PMC: PMC2689801
OpenAlex: W2109458276
Cited by: 181
References: 37
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 13.11
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Dartmouth College
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK054716, DK-54716)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD09020, R01HD009020)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Keywords: type 2 deiodinase, type I deiodinase, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, thyroid hormone homeostasis, reverse T3, brain gene expression
MeSH terms: Iodothyronine Deiodinase Type II, Animals, Brain, Homeostasis, Iodide Peroxidase, Iodine, Learning, Locomotion, Memory, Mice, Inbred C57BL, RNA, Messenger, Thyroid Gland, Thyrotropin, Thyroxine, Triiodothyronine, Mice, Knockout, Mice

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Life without Thyroxine to 3,5,3′-Triiodothyronine Conversion: Studies in Mice Devoid of the 5′-Deiodinases

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks