Cited by 296Estrogen and related hormone effectsAdrenal Hormones and DisordersReceptor Mechanisms and Signaling

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New Insights into the Anti-inflammatory Mechanisms of Glucocorticoids: An Emerging Role for Glucocorticoid-Receptor-Mediated Transactivation

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Vandevyver, Sofie, Dejager, Lien, Tuckermann, Jan, Libert, Claude·2013·Endocrinology

DOI 10.1210/en.2012-2045

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Abstract

Glucocorticoids are anti-inflammatory drugs that are widely used for the treatment of numerous (autoimmune) inflammatory diseases. They exert their actions by binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. Upon ligand binding, the GR translocates to the nucleus, where it acts either as a homodimeric transcription factor that binds glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) in promoter regions of glucocorticoid (GC)-inducible genes, or as a monomeric protein that cooperates with other transcription factors to affect transcription. For decades, it has generally been believed that the undesirable side effects of GC therapy are induced by dimer-mediated transactivation, whereas its beneficial anti-inflammatory effects are mainly due to the monomer-mediated transrepressive actions of GR. Therefore, current research is focused on the development of dissociated compounds that exert only the GR monomer-dependent actions. However, many recent reports undermine this dogma by clearly showing that GR dimer-dependent transactivation is essential in the anti-inflammatory activities of GR. Many of these studies used GR(dim/dim) mutant mice, which show reduced GR dimerization and hence cannot control inflammation in several disease models. Here, we review the importance of GR dimers in the anti-inflammatory actions of GCs/GR, and hence we question the central dogma. We summarize the contribution of various GR dimer-inducible anti-inflammatory genes and question the use of selective GR agonists as therapeutic agents.

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Authors: Vandevyver, S., Dejager, L., Tuckermann, J., & Libert, C.
Affiliations: Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (BE)
Universität Ulm (DE)
Corresponding author: Libert, Claude
ORCID: Tuckermann, Jan
Libert, Claude
Venue: Endocrinology
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Published: 2013-03-01
Volume: 154
Issue: 3
Pages: 993-1007
ISSN: 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
1945-7170
DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-2045
OpenAlex: W2054115898
Cited by: 296
References: 190
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 11
FWCI: 4.10
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: Universiteit Gent
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Keywords: glucocorticoids, glucocorticoid receptor, anti-inflammatory mechanism, receptor dimerization, transcriptional activation, transrepression, glucocorticoid response element, inflammatory diseases
MeSH terms: Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Mice, Mutant Strains, Models, Biological, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, Signal Transduction, Transcriptional Activation, Annexin A1, Response Elements, Mice, Protein Multimerization

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New Insights into the Anti-inflammatory Mechanisms of Glucocorticoids: An Emerging Role for Glucocorticoid-Receptor-Mediated Transactivation

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