RAS oncogenes: the first 30 years

Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer

Davies, H., Bignell, G. R., Cox, C., Stephens, P., Edkins, S., Clegg, S., Teague, J., Woffendin, H., Garnett, M. J., Bottomley, W., et al. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature00766 · Cited by 10,674 · see citing works

TGF-β SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

Massagué, J. (1998) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.753 · Cited by 7,571 · see citing works

ras oncogenes in human cancer: a review.

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Targeting RAS signalling pathways in cancer therapy

Downward, J. (2003) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc969 · Cited by 3,262 · see citing works

Tumorigenic conversion of primary embryo fibroblasts requires at least two cooperating oncogenes

Land, H., Parada, L. F., & Weinberg, R. A. (1983) · Nature · doi:10.1038/304596a0 · Cited by 2,804 · see citing works

Most human carcinomas of the exocrine pancreas contain mutant c-K-ras genes

Almoguera, C., Shibata, D. K., Forrester, K., Wj, M., Arnheim, N., & Perucho, M. (1988) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(88)90571-5 · Cited by 2,100 · see citing works

Mammalian Ras interacts directly with the serine/threonine kinase Raf.

Vojtek, A., Hollenberg, S., & Cooper, J. A. (1993) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90307-c · Cited by 1,971 · see citing works

Phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase direct target of Ras

Rodriguez-Viciana, P., Warne, P. H., Dhand, R., Vanhaesebroeck, B., Gout, I., Fry, M. J., Waterfield, M. D., & Downward, J. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/370527a0 · Cited by 1,954 · see citing works

Analysis of lung tumor initiation and progression using conditional expression of oncogenic K-rasPreprint

Jackson, E. L., Willis, N. A., Mercer, K. L., Bronson, R. T., Crowley, D. G., Montoya, R., Jacks, T., & Tuveson, D. A. (2001) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.943001 · Cited by 1,877 · see citing works

Prevalence of ras gene mutations in human colorectal cancers

Bos, J. L., Fearon, E. R., Hamilton, S. R., Vries, M. V., BOOM, J. H. V., van der Eb, A. J., & Vogelstein, B. (1987) · Nature · doi:10.1038/327293a0 · Cited by 1,860 · see citing works

All ras proteins are polyisoprenylated but only some are palmitoylated

Hancock, J. F., Magee, A. I., Childs, J. E., & Marshall, C. J. (1989) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(89)90054-8 · Cited by 1,775 · see citing works

The SH2 and SH3 domain-containing protein GRB2 links receptor tyrosine kinases to ras signaling

Lowenstein, E. J., Daly, R. J., Batzer, A., Li, W., Margolis, B. L., Lammers, R., Ullrich, A., Skolnik, E. Y., Bar‐Sagi, D., & Schlessinger, J. (1992) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90167-b · Cited by 1,632 · see citing works

The Ras-RasGAP Complex: Structural Basis for GTPase Activation and Its Loss in Oncogenic Ras Mutants

Scheffzek, K., Ahmadian, M. R., Kabsch, W., Wiesmüller, L., Lautwein, A., Schmitz, F., & Wittinghofer, A. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.277.5324.333 · Cited by 1,543 · see citing works

Type 1 Neurofibromatosis Gene: Identification of a Large Transcript Disrupted in Three NF1 Patients

Wallace, M. R., Marchuk, D. A., Andersen, L. B., Letcher, R., Odeh, H. M., Saulino, A. M., Fountain, J. W., Brereton, A., Nicholson, J. M., Mitchell, A. L., et al. (1990) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2134734 · Cited by 1,476 · see citing works

Mechanism of activation of a human oncogene

Tabin, C. J., Bradley, S. M., Bargmann, C. I., Weinberg, R. A., Papageorge, A. G., Scolnick, E. M., Dhar, R., Lowy, D. R., & Chang, E. H. (1982) · Nature · doi:10.1038/300143a0 · Cited by 1,393 · see citing works

A point mutation is responsible for the acquisition of transforming properties by the T24 human bladder carcinoma oncogene

Reddy, E. P., Reynolds, R. K., Santos, E., & Barbacid, M. (1982) · Nature · doi:10.1038/300149a0 · Cited by 1,391 · see citing works

Adenovirus early region 1A enables viral and cellular transforming genes to transform primary cells in culture

Ruley, H. E. (1983) · Nature · doi:10.1038/304602a0 · Cited by 1,248 · see citing works

A Cytoplasmic Protein Stimulates Normal N- <i>ras</i> p21 GTPase, But Does Not Affect Oncogenic Mutants

Trahey, M., & McCormick, F. (1987) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2821624 · Cited by 1,211 · see citing works

Biochemical transfer of single-copy eucaryotic genes using total cellular DNA as donor

Wigler, M. H., Pellicer, À., Silverstein, S. J., & Axel, R. (1978) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(78)90254-4 · Cited by 1,210 · see citing works

Somatic activation of the K-ras oncogene causes early onset lung cancer in mice

Johnson, L., Mercer, K., Greenbaum, D., Bronson, R. T., Crowley, D., Tuveson, D. A., & Jacks, T. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35074129 · Cited by 1,179 · see citing works

In yeast, RAS proteins are controlling elements of adenylate cyclase

Toda, T., Uno, I., Ishikawa, T., Powers, S., Kataoka, T., Broek, D., Cameron, S., Broach, J. R., Matsumoto, K., & Wigler, M. H. (1985) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(85)90305-8 · Cited by 1,108 · see citing works

The neurofibromatosis type 1 gene encodes a protein related to GAP

Xu, G., O'Connell, P., Viskochil, D., Cawthon, R., Robertson, M., Culver, M., Dunn, D., Stevens, J., Gesteland, R., White, R., et al. (1990) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90024-9 · Cited by 1,095 · see citing works

Detection of high incidence of K-ras oncogenes during human colon tumorigenesis

Forrester, K., Almoguera, C., Han, K., Grizzle, W. E., & Perucho, M. (1987) · Nature · doi:10.1038/327298a0 · Cited by 1,061 · see citing works

The GAP-related domain of the neurofibromatosis type 1 gene product interacts with ras p21

Martin, G. A., Viskoohil, D., Bollag, G. E., McCabe, P. C., Crosier, W. J., Haubruck, H., Conroy, L., Clark, R., O'Connell, P., Cawthon, R., et al. (1990) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90150-d · Cited by 983 · see citing works

Complexes of Ras⋅GTP with Raf-1 and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase

Moodie, S. A., Willumsen, B. M., Weber, M. J., & Wolfman, A. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8503013 · Cited by 968 · see citing works

Human EJ bladder carcinoma oncogene is homologue of Harvey sarcoma virus ras gene

Parada, L. F., Tabin, C. J., Shih, C., & Weinberg, R. A. (1982) · Nature · doi:10.1038/297474a0 · Cited by 947 · see citing works

Essential role for oncogenic Ras in tumour maintenance

Chin, L., Tam, A., Pomerantz, J. H., Wong, M., Holash, J., Bardeesy, N., Shen, Q., O'Hagan, R., Pantginis, J., Zhou, H., et al. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/22788 · Cited by 928 · see citing works

Structure of the guanine-nucleotide-binding domain of the Ha-ras oncogene product p21 in the triphosphate conformation

PAI, E. F., Kabsch, W., Krengel, U., Holmes, K. C., John, J., & Wittinghofer, A. (1989) · Nature · doi:10.1038/341209a0 · Cited by 879 · see citing works

Normal and oncogenic p21ras proteins bind to the amino-terminal regulatory domain of c-Raf-1

Zhang, X., Settleman, J. E., Kyriakis, J. M., Takeuchi-Suzuki, E., Elledge, S. J., Marshall, M. S., Bruder, J. T., Rapp, U. R., & Avruch, J. (1993) · Nature · doi:10.1038/364308a0 · Cited by 859 · see citing works

The NF1 locus encodes a protein functionally related to mammalian GAP and yeast IRA proteins.

Ballester, R., Marchuk, D., Boguski, M., Saulino, A., Letcher, R., Wigler, M., & Collins, F. (1990) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90151-4 · Cited by 847 · see citing works

Requirement for ras proto-oncogene function during serum-stimulated growth of NIH 3T3 cells

Mulcahy, L. S., Smith, M. R., & Stacey, D. W. (1985) · Nature · doi:10.1038/313241a0 · Cited by 842 · see citing works

Inhibition of purified p21 farnesyl:protein transferase by Cys-AAX tetrapeptides

Reiss, Y., Goldstein, J. L., Seabra, M. C., Casey, P. J., & Brown, M. S. (1990) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90242-7 · Cited by 817 · see citing works

Direct mutagenesis of Ha-ras-1 oncogenes by N-nitroso-N-methylurea during initiation of mammary carcinogenesis in rats

Zarbl, H., Sukumar, S. V., Arthur, A. V., Martı́n-Zanca, D., & Barbacid, M. (1985) · Nature · doi:10.1038/315382a0 · Cited by 806 · see citing works

The structural basis of the activation of Ras by Sos

Boriack-Sjodin, P. A., Margarit, S. M., Bar-Sagi, D., & Kuriyan, J. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/28548 · Cited by 799 · see citing works

Transforming genes of carcinomas and neuroblastomas introduced into mouse fibroblasts

Shih, C., Padhy, L. C., Murray, M. J., & Weinberg, R. A. (1981) · Nature · doi:10.1038/290261a0 · Cited by 791 · see citing works

Transforming genes of human bladder and lung carcinoma cell lines are homologous to the ras genes of Harvey and Kirsten sarcoma viruses.

Der, C. J., Krontiris, T. G., & Cooper, G. M. (1982) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.79.11.3637 · Cited by 785 · see citing works

Coexpression of MMTV/v-Ha-ras and MMTV/c-myc genes in transgenic mice: Synergistic action of oncogenes in vivo

Sinn, E., Muller, W. J., Pattengale, P. K., Tepler, I., Wallace, R., & Leder, P. (1987) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(87)90449-1 · Cited by 784 · see citing works

Isolation of a transforming sequence from a human bladder carcinoma cell line

Shih, C., & Weinberg, R. A. (1982) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(82)90100-3 · Cited by 783 · see citing works

Direct interaction of Ras and the amino-terminal region of Raf-1 in vitro

Warne, P. H., Vician, P. R., & Downward, J. (1993) · Nature · doi:10.1038/364352a0 · Cited by 729 · see citing works

The p21 src genes of Harvey and Kirsten sarcoma viruses originate from divergent members of a family of normal vertebrate genes

Ellis, R. W., DeFeo, D., Shih, T. Y., Gonda, M. A., Young, H. A., Tsuchida, N., Lowy, D. R., & Scolnick, E. M. (1981) · Nature · doi:10.1038/292506a0 · Cited by 723 · see citing works

Induction of mammary carcinomas in rats by nitroso-methylurea involves malignant activation of H-ras-1 locus by single point mutations

Sukumar, S. V., Notario, V., Martı́n-Zanca, D., & Barbacid, M. (1983) · Nature · doi:10.1038/306658a0 · Cited by 706 · see citing works

Activation of the T24 bladder carcinoma transforming gene is linked to a single amino acid change

Taparowsky, E. J., Suard, Y. M. L., Fasano, O., Shimizu, K., Goldfarb, M. P., & Wigler, M. H. (1982) · Nature · doi:10.1038/300762a0 · Cited by 703 · see citing works

Comparative biochemical properties of normal and activated human ras p21 protein

McGrath, J. P., Capon, D. J., Goeddel, D. V., & Levinson, A. D. (1984) · Nature · doi:10.1038/310644a0 · Cited by 699 · see citing works

Requirement for c-ras proteins during viral oncogene transformation

Smith, M. R., DeGudicibus, S. J., & Stacey, D. W. (1986) · Nature · doi:10.1038/320540a0 · Cited by 653 · see citing works

Cloning of bovine GAP and its interaction with oncogenic ras p21

Vogel, U. S., Dixon, R. A. F., Schaber, M. D., Diehl, R. E., Marshall, M. S., Scolnick, E. M., Sigal, I. S., & Gibbs, W. W. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/335090a0 · Cited by 649 · see citing works

T24 human bladder carcinoma oncogene is an activated form of the normal human homologue of BALB- and Harvey-MSV transforming genes

Santos, E., Tronick, S. R., Aaronson, S. A., Pulciani, S., & Barbacid, M. (1982) · Nature · doi:10.1038/298343a0 · Cited by 624 · see citing works

Intrinsic GTPase activity distinguishes normal and oncogenic ras p21 molecules.

Gibbs, W. W., Sigal, I. S., Poe, M., & Scolnick, E. M. (1984) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.81.18.5704 · Cited by 611 · see citing works

C. elegans cell-signalling gene sem-5 encodes a protein with SH2 and SH3 domains

Clark, S. G., Stern, M., & Horvritz, H. R. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/356340a0 · Cited by 603 · see citing works

Crystal Structure and Functional Analysis of Ras Binding to Its Effector Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase γ

Pacold, M. E., Suire, S., Perišić, O., Lara‐González, S., Davis, C. T., Walker, E. H., Hawkins, P. T., Stephens, L., Eccleston, J. F., & Williams, R. L. (2000) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)00196-3 · Cited by 603 · see citing works

The p21 ras C-terminus is required for transformation and membrane association

Willumsen, B. M., Christensen, A., Hubbert, N. L., Papageorge, A. G., & Lowy, D. R. (1984) · Nature · doi:10.1038/310583a0 · Cited by 584 · see citing works

Induction and apoptotic regression of lung adenocarcinomas by regulation of a <i>K-Ras</i> transgene in the presence and absence of tumor suppressor genes

Fisher, G. H., Wellen, S. L., Klimstra, D., Lenczowski, J. M., Tichelaar, J. W., Lizak, M. J., Whitsett, J. A., Koretsky, A., & Varmus, H. E. (2001) · Genes &amp; Development · doi:10.1101/gad.947701 · Cited by 582 · see citing works

An Unidentified Virus which causes the Rapid Production of Tumours in Mice

Harvey, J. J. (1964) · Nature · doi:10.1038/2041104b0 · Cited by 554 · see citing works

Inhibition of farnesyltransferase induces regression of mammary and salivary carcinomas in ras transgenic mice

Kohl, N. E., Omer, C. A., Conner, M. W., Anthony, N. J., Davide, J. P., DeSolms, S. J., Giuliani, E. A., Gomez, R. P., Graham, S. L., Hamilton, K., et al. (1995) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0895-792 · Cited by 540 · see citing works

K-ras is an essential gene in the mouse with partial functional overlap with N-rasPreprint

Johnson, L., Greenbaum, D. C., Cichowski, K. M., Mercer, K. L., Murphy, E. A., Schmitt, E. S., Bronson, R. T., Umanoff, H., Edelmann, W., Kucherlapati, R., et al. (1997) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.11.19.2468 · Cited by 540 · see citing works

The product of ras is a GTPase and the T24 oncogenic mutant is deficient in this activity

Sweet, R. W., Yokoyama, S., Kamata, T., Feramisco, J. R., Rosenberg, M. J., & Gross, M. S. (1984) · Nature · doi:10.1038/311273a0 · Cited by 532 · see citing works

Mutational Activation of the K-rasOncogene

Rodenhuis, S., van de Wetering, M. L., Mooi, W. J., Evers, S. G., van Zandwijk, N., & Bos, J. L. (1987) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198710083171504 · Cited by 532 · see citing works

How receptors turn Ras on

McCormick, F. P. (1993) · Nature · doi:10.1038/363015a0 · Cited by 530 · see citing works

Genetic and Pharmacological Suppression of Oncogenic Mutations in RAS Genes of Yeast and Humans

Schafer, W. R., Kim, R., Sterne, R. E., Thorner, J. W., Kim, S., & Rine, J. (1989) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2569235 · Cited by 530 · see citing works

Activation of the mouse cellular Harvey-ras gene in chemically induced benign skin papillomas

Balmain, A., Ramsden, M., Bowden, G. T., & Smith, J. (1984) · Nature · doi:10.1038/307658a0 · Cited by 529 · see citing works

Three-Dimensional Structure of an Oncogene Protein: Catalytic Domain of Human c-H- ras P21

de Vos, A. M., Tong, L., Milburn, M. V., Matias, P. M., Jancarik, J., Noguchi, S., Nishimura, S., Miura, K., Ohtsuka, E., & Kim, S. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2448879 · Cited by 529 · see citing works

Passage of phenotypes of chemically transformed cells via transfection of DNA and chromatin.

Shih, C., Shilo, B., Goldfarb, M. P., Dannenberg, A. J., & Weinberg, R. A. (1979) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.76.11.5714 · Cited by 487 · see citing works

Time-resolved X-ray crystallographic study of the conformational change in Ha-Ras p21 protein on GTP hydrolysis

Schlichting, I., Almo, S. C., Rapp, G., Wilson, K. S., Petratos, K., Lentfer, A., Wittinghofer, A., Kabsch, W., PAI, E. F., Petsko, G. A., et al. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/345309a0 · Cited by 487 · see citing works

Isolation and preliminary characterization of a human transforming gene from T24 bladder carcinoma cells

Goldfarb, M. P., Shimizu, K., Perucho, M., & Wigler, M. H. (1982) · Nature · doi:10.1038/296404a0 · Cited by 484 · see citing works

Homologies Between Signal Transducing G Proteins and ras Gene Products

Hurley, J. B., Simon, M. I., Teplow, D. B., Robishaw, J. D., & Gilman, A. G. (1984) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6436980 · Cited by 483 · see citing works

The S. cerevisiae CDC25 gene product regulates the RAS/adenylate cyclase pathway

Broek, D., Toda, T., Michaeli, T., Levin, L. R., Birchmeier, C., Zoller, M. J., Powers, S., & Wigler, M. H. (1987) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(87)90076-6 · Cited by 478 · see citing works

Molecular Cloning of Two Types of GAP Complementary DNA from Human Placenta

Trahey, M., Wong, G. A., Halenbeck, R., Rubinfeld, B., Martin, G. A., Ladner, M. B., Long, C. M., Crosier, W. J., Watt, K., Koths, K. E., et al. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3201259 · Cited by 468 · see citing works

Human-tumor-derived cell lines contain common and different transforming genes

Perucho, M., Goldfarb, M. P., Shimizu, K., Lama, C., Fogh, J., & Wigler, M. H. (1981) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(81)90388-3 · Cited by 447 · see citing works

Identification of transforming gene in two human sarcoma cell lines as a new member of the ras gene family located on chromosome 1

Hall, A., Marshall, C. J., Spurr, N. K., & Weiss, R. A. (1983) · Nature · doi:10.1038/303396a0 · Cited by 438 · see citing works

Fibroblast immortality is a prerequisite for transformation by EJ c-Ha-ras oncogene

Newbold, R. F., & Overell, R. W. (1983) · Nature · doi:10.1038/304648a0 · Cited by 436 · see citing works

Distinct requirements for Ras oncogenesis in human versus mouse cellsPreprint

Hamad, N. M., Elconin, J. H., Karnoub, A. E., Bai, W., Rich, J. N., Abraham, R. T., Der, C. J., & Counter, C. M. (2002) · Genes & Development · doi:10.17615/zkd7-3774 · Cited by 430 · see citing works

Mouse skin carcinomas induced in vivo by chemical carcinogens have a transforming Harvey-ras oncogene

Balmain, A., & Pragnell, I. B. (1983) · Nature · doi:10.1038/303072a0 · Cited by 424 · see citing works

Malignant Activation of a K- <i>ras</i> Oncogene in Lung Carcinoma But Not in Normal Tissue of the Same Patient

Santos, E., Martin-Zanca, D., Reddy, E. P., Pierotti, M. A., Della Porta, G., & Barbacid, M. (1984) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6695174 · Cited by 418 · see citing works

The Ras branch of small Gtpases: Ras family members don’t fall far from the tree

Reuther, G. W., & Der, C. J. (2000) · Current Opinion in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(99)00071-x · Cited by 411 · see citing works

Localization of the src gene product of the Harvey strain of MSV to plasma membrane of transformed cells by electron microscopic immunocytochemistry

Willingham, M. C., Pastan, I. H., Shih, T. Y., & Scolnick, E. M. (1980) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(80)90091-4 · Cited by 398 · see citing works

Three-dimensional structures of H-ras p21 mutants: molecular basis for their inability to function as signal switch molecules.

Krengel, U., Schlichting, I., Scherer, A., Schumann, R., Frech, M., John, J., Kabsch, W., Pai, E., & Wittinghofer, A. (1994) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90018-a · Cited by 374 · see citing works

K-Ras is essential for the development of the mouse embryo

Koera, K., Nakamura, K. D., Nakao, K., Miyoshi, J., Toyoshima, K., Hatta, T., Otani, H., Aiba, A., & Katsuki, M. (1997) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1201284 · Cited by 355 · see citing works

Molecular cloning of cDNAs encoding a guanine-nucleotide-releasing factor for Ras p21

Shou, C., Farnsworth, C. L., Neel, B. G., & Feig, L. A. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/358351a0 · Cited by 353 · see citing works

RAS proteins can induce meiosis in xenopus oocytes

Birchmeier, C., Broek, D., & Wigler, M. H. (1985) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(85)90233-8 · Cited by 342 · see citing works

Guanine nucleotide-binding activity as an assay for src protein of rat-derived murine sarcoma viruses

Scolnick, E. M., Papageorge, A. G., & Shih, T. Y. (1979) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.76.10.5355 · Cited by 316 · see citing works

Morphologic Responses to a Murine Erythroblastosis Virus 2

KIRSTEN, W. H., & Mayer, L. A. (1967) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/39.2.311 · Cited by 306 · see citing works

Targeted Genomic Disruption of H-ras and N-ras, Individually or in Combination, Reveals the Dispensability of Both Loci for Mouse Growth and Development

Esteban, L. M., Vicario‐Abejón, C., Fernández‐Salguero, P. M., Fernández‐Medarde, A., Swaminathan, N., Yienger, K., Lopez, E., Malumbres, M., McKay, R. D. G., Ward, J. M., et al. (2001) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.21.5.1444-1452.2001 · Cited by 298 · see citing works

Activated Ras interacts with the Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator.

Hofer, F., Fields, S., Schneider, C., & Martin, G. S. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.23.11089 · Cited by 287 · see citing works

Identification of murine homologues of the Drosophila son of sevenless gene: potential activators of ras.

Bowtell, D. D. L., Fu, P., Simon, M., & Senior, P. V. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.14.6511 · Cited by 287 · see citing works

Isolation and preliminary characterization of the transforming gene of a human neuroblastoma cell line.

Shimizu, K., Goldfarb, M. P., Perucho, M., & Wigler, M. H. (1983) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.80.2.383 · Cited by 286 · see citing works

Identification of a sarcoma virus-coded phosphoprotein in nonproducer cells transformed by Kirsten or Harvey murine sarcoma virus

Shih, T. Y., Weeks, M. O., Young, H. A., & Scolnick, E. M. (1979) · Virology · doi:10.1016/0042-6822(79)90173-9 · Cited by 273 · see citing works

C. elegans lin-45 raf gene participates in let-60 ras-stimulated vulval differentiation

Han, M., Golden, A., Han, Y., & Sternberg, P. W. (1993) · Nature · doi:10.1038/363133a0 · Cited by 271 · see citing works

Oncogenes in human tumor cell lines: molecular cloning of a transforming gene from human bladder carcinoma cells.

Pulciani, S., Santos, E., Lauver, A. V., Long, L. K., Robbins, K. C., & Barbacid, M. (1982) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.79.9.2845 · Cited by 268 · see citing works

Identification of the guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral as a putative effector molecule of R-ras, H-ras, K-ras, and Rap.

Spaargaren, M., & Bischoff, J. R. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.26.12609 · Cited by 265 · see citing works

Pancreatic neoplasia induced by ras expression in acinar cells of transgenic mice

Quaife, C. J., Pinkert, C. A., Ornitz, D. M., Palmiter, R. D., & Brinster, R. L. (1987) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(87)90710-0 · Cited by 262 · see citing works

Crystal structures at 2.2 Å resolution of the catalytic domains of normal ras protein and an oncogenic mutant complexed with GDP

Tong, L., de Vos, A. M., Milburn, M. V., & Kim, S. (1991) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0022-2836(91)90753-s · Cited by 261 · see citing works

ralGDS family members interact with the effector loop of ras p21.

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