Basal, Pulsatile, Entropic (Patterned), and Spiky (Staccato-like) Properties of ACTH Secretion: Impact of Age, Gender, and Body Mass Index

Veldhuis, Johannes D.; Roelfsema, Ferdinand; Iranmanesh, Ali; Carroll, Bernard J.; Keenan, Daniel M.; Pincus, Steven M.

doi:10.1210/jc.2009-1143

Cited by 51Adrenal Hormones and DisordersStress Responses and CortisolHypothalamic control of reproductive hormones

Basal, Pulsatile, Entropic (Patterned), and Spiky (Staccato-like) Properties of ACTH Secretion: Impact of Age, Gender, and Body Mass Index

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Veldhuis, Johannes D., Roelfsema, Ferdinand, Iranmanesh, Ali, Carroll, Bernard J., Keenan, Daniel M., Pincus, Steven M.·2009·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

DOI 10.1210/jc.2009-1143PMC PMC2758736

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Age, gender, and BMI determine ultradian modes of LH and GH secretion, viz., pulsatile, basal, pattern-defined regularity [approximate entropy (ApEn)] and spikiness (sharp, brief excursions). Whether the same determinants apply to ACTH secretion is not known. SETTING: The study was conducted at a tertiary medical center. SUBJECTS: We studied normal women (n = 22) and men (n = 26) [ages, 23-77 yr; body mass index (BMI), 21-32 kg/m(2)]. METHODS: Volunteers underwent 10-min blood sampling to create 24-h ACTH concentration profiles. OUTCOMES: Dynamic measures of ACTH secretion were studied. RESULTS: Mean ACTH concentrations (R(2) = 0.15; P = 0.006) and both pulsatile (R(2) = 0.12; P = 0.018) and basal (nonpulsatile) (R(2) = 0.16; P = 0.005) ACTH secretion correlated directly with BMI (n = 48). Men had greater basal (P = 0.047), pulsatile (P = 0.031), and total (P = 0.010) 24-h ACTH secretion than women, including when total secretion was normalized for BMI (P = 0.019). In men, both ACTH-cortisol feedforward and cortisol-ACTH feedback asynchrony (cross-ApEn) increased with age (R(2) = 0.20 and 0.22; P = 0.021 and 0.018). ACTH spikiness rose with age (P = 0.046), principally in women. Irregularity of cortisol secretion (ApEn) increased with age (n = 48; P = 0.010), especially in men. In both sexes, percentage pulsatile ACTH secretion predicted 24-h mean cortisol concentrations (R(2) = 0.14; P = 0.009). CONCLUSION: Valid comparisons of ultradian ACTH dynamics will require cohorts matched for age, gender, and BMI, conditions hitherto not satisfied in most physiological studies of this axis.

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In men, ACTH-cortisol feedforward synchrony and cortisol-ACTH feedback synchrony both decline with age.
“In addition, in men, ACTH-cortisol feedforward synchrony and cortisol-ACTH feedback synchrony both decline with age, as quantified by cross-ApEn, denoting a deterioration of coordinate control of ACTH and cortisol secretion patterns.”
From Impact of Sleep and Its Disturbances on Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity (2010) · cites this paper as [32]
Mean ACTH concentrations, basal and pulsatile ACTH secretion directly correlate with BMI and are higher in men than in women, after controlling for BMI.
“In this study, mean ACTH concentrations, basal and pulsatile ACTH secretion directly correlated with BMI and were higher in men than in women, after controlling of BMI.”
From Impact of Sleep and Its Disturbances on Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity (2010) · cites this paper as [32]

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Authors: Veldhuis, J. D., Roelfsema, F., Iranmanesh, A., Carroll, B. J., Keenan, D. M., & Pincus, S. M.
Affiliations: Mayo Clinic (US)
Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
Salem VA Medical Center (US)
Pacific Behavioral Research Foundation (B.J.C.), Carmel, California 93922
University of Virginia (US)
Independent Mathematician (S.M.P.), Guilford, Connecticut 06437
Corresponding author: Veldhuis, Johannes D.
ORCID: Veldhuis, Johannes D.
Roelfsema, Ferdinand
Iranmanesh, Ali
Carroll, Bernard J.
Venue: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Published: 2009-10-01
Volume: 94
Issue: 10
Pages: 4045-4052
ISSN: 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
1945-7197
DOI: 10.1210/jc.2009-1143
PMC: PMC2758736
OpenAlex: W2134429659
Cited by: 51
References: 51
Citations by year: 2024: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 4.13
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Aging (K01 AG-19164, R21 AG 29215, K01AG019164, R21AG029215)
National Institute of Mental Health (P30MH040159, P30 MH 40159, P50MH040159)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01 DK73148, R01DK073148)
National Center for Research Resources (M01-RR00030, M01RR000030)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
Keywords: ACTH secretion, pulsatile secretion, basal secretion, approximate entropy, cortisol secretion, ultradian rhythms, age differences, sex differences, body mass index, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
MeSH terms: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Adult, Aged, Aging, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Humans, Luteinizing Hormone, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Values, Sex Characteristics, Body Mass Index, Multivariate Analysis, Linear Models, Human Growth Hormone, Young Adult

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Basal, Pulsatile, Entropic (Patterned), and Spiky (Staccato-like) Properties of ACTH Secretion: Impact of Age, Gender, and Body Mass Index

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