The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Excessive Sugar Consumption May Be a Difficult Habit to Break: A View From the Brain and Body
Open accessAbstract
CONTEXT: Sugar overconsumption and chronic stress are growing health concerns because they both may increase the risk for obesity and its related diseases. Rodent studies suggest that sugar consumption may activate a glucocorticoid-metabolic-brain-negative feedback pathway, which may turn off the stress response and thereby reinforce habitual sugar overconsumption. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to test our hypothesized glucocorticoid-metabolic-brain model in women consuming beverages sweetened with either aspartame of sucrose. DESIGN: This was a parallel-arm, double-masked diet intervention study. SETTING: The study was conducted at the University of California, Davis, Clinical and Translational Science Center's Clinical Research Center and the University of California, Davis, Medical Center Imaging Research Center. PARTICIPANTS: Nineteen women (age range 18-40 y) with a body mass index (range 20-34 kg/m(2)) who were a subgroup from a National Institutes of Health-funded investigation of 188 participants assigned to eight experimental groups. INTERVENTION: The intervention consisted of sucrose- or aspartame-sweetened beverage consumption three times per day for 2 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Salivary cortisol and regional brain responses to the Montreal Imaging Stress Task were measured. RESULTS: Compared with aspartame, sucrose consumption was associated with significantly higher activity in the left hippocampus (P = .001). Sucrose, but not aspartame, consumption associated with reduced (P = .024) stress-induced cortisol. The sucrose group also had a lower reactivity to naltrexone, significantly (P = .041) lower nausea, and a trend (P = .080) toward lower cortisol. CONCLUSION: These experimental findings support a metabolic-brain-negative feedback pathway that is affected by sugar and may make some people under stress more hooked on sugar and possibly more vulnerable to obesity and its related conditions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“For example, consuming high sugar beverages (Tryon et al., 2015), smoking (Wardle et al., 2011) and alcohol intake (Stephens and Wand, 2012) can dampen the physiological stress response in the short run, but are clearly damaging to health if maintained over the lifespan.”
From More than a feeling: A unified view of stress measurement for population science (2018) · cites this paper as Tryon et al., 2015
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Maldjian, J. A., Laurienti, P. J., Kraft, R., & Burdette, J. H. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00169-1 · Cited by 5,066
A new predictive equation for resting energy expenditure in healthy individuals
Mifflin, M., St Jeor, S., Hill, L., Scott, B., Daugherty, S., & Koh, Y. (1990) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/51.2.241 · Cited by 2,544 · cited 1×
“We used the Mifflin equation (16) with a 1.”
MethodEndocrinology of the stress response
Charmandari, E., Tsigos, C., & Chrousos, G. (2005) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.67.040403.120816 · Cited by 1,799
Stress, eating and the reward system
Adam, T. C., & Epel, E. S. (2007) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.04.011 · Cited by 1,732
Self-citationChronic stress and obesity: a new view of “comfort food”
Dallman, M. F., Pecoraro, N., Akana, S. F., la Fleur, S. E., Gomez, F., Houshyar, H., Bell, M. E., Bhatnagar, S., Laugero, K. D., & Manalo, S. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1934666100 · Cited by 1,369
Self-citationCRF and CRF receptors: role in stress responsivity and other behaviors
Bale, T. L., & Vale, W. W. (2004) · Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121410 · Cited by 1,270
Fries, E., Hesse, J., Hellhammer, J., & Hellhammer, D. H. (2005) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2005.04.006 · Cited by 1,204
Brain on stress: how the social environment gets under the skin
McEwen, B. S. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1121254109 · Cited by 1,200
Emotional influences on food choice: Sensory, physiological and psychological pathways
Gibson, E. L. (2006) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.01.024 · Cited by 783
Corticotropin-releasing factor, norepinephrine, and stress
Koob, G. F. (1999) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00164-x · Cited by 629
Pruessner, J. C., Dedovic, K., Khalili-Mahani, N., Engert, V., Pruessner, M., Buss, C., Renwick, R., Dagher, A., Meaney, M. J., & Lupien, S. (2008) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.04.041 · Cited by 593
Pecoraro, N., Reyes, F., Gomez, F., Bhargava, A., & Dallman, M. F. (2004) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2004-0305 · Cited by 574
The selfish brain: Competition for energy resources
Peters, A., Schweiger, U., Pellerin, L., Hubold, C., Oltmanns, K. M., Conrad, M., Schultes, B., Born, J., & Fehm, H. L. (2004) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2004.03.002 · Cited by 489
Role of endogenous opioid system in the regulation of the stress response
Drolet, G., Dumont, É. C., Gosselin, I., Kinkead, R., Laforest, S., & Trottier, J.-F. (2001) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0278-5846(01)00161-0 · Cited by 421
Tomiyama, A. J., Dallman, M. F., & Epel, E. S. (2011) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.04.005 · Cited by 394
Self-citationThe Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis Activity in Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome
Pasquali, R., Vicennati, V., Cacciari, M., & Pagotto, U. (2006) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1367.009 · Cited by 334
Stanhope, K. L., Bremer, A. A., Medici, V., Nakajima, K., Ito, Y., Nakano, T., Chen, G., Fong, T. H., Lee, V., Menorca, R., et al. (2011) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2011-1251 · Cited by 304
Self-citationTannenbaum, B. M., Brindley, D. N., Tannenbaum, G. S., Dallman, M. F., McArthur, M. D., & Meaney, M. J. (1997) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1997.273.6.e1168 · Cited by 289
Cortisol Secretion in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Chiodini, I., Adda, G., Scillitani, A., Coletti, F., Morelli, V., Lembo, S. D., Epaminonda, P., Masserini, B., Beck‐Peccoz, P., Orsi, E., et al. (2006) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc06-1267 · Cited by 243
Cerebral blood flow during anticipation of public speaking in social phobia: a PET study
Tillfors, M., Furmark, T., Marteinsdóttir, Í., & Fredrikson, M. (2002) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01396-3 · Cited by 230
Glucocorticoids, chronic stress, and obesity
Dallman, M. F., Pecoraro, N. C., La Fleur, S. E., Warne, J. P., Ginsberg, A. B., Akana, S. F., Laugero, K. C., Houshyar, H., Strack, A. M., Bhatnagar, S., et al. (2006) · Progress in Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(06)53004-3 · Cited by 198
Self-citationTryon, M. S., Carter, C. S., DeCant, R., & Laugero, K. D. (2013) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.08.010 · Cited by 191
Self-citationThe Role of the Forebrain Glucocorticoid Receptor in Acute and Chronic Stress
Furay, A. R., Packard, A. E. B., & Herman, J. P. (2008) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2008-0642 · Cited by 189
Foster, M. T., Warne, J. P., Ginsberg, A. B., Horneman, H. F., Pecoraro, N. C., Akana, S. F., & Dallman, M. F. (2008) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2008-1426 · Cited by 187
Chronic Stress‐Induced Effects of Corticosterone on Brain: Direct and Indirect
Dallman, M. F., Akana, S. F., Strack, A. M., SCRIBNER, K. S., Pecoraro, N. C., la Fleur, S. E., Houshyar, H., & Gómez-Oliver, F. (2004) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1296.017 · Cited by 167
Tryon, M. S., DeCant, R., & Laugero, K. D. (2013) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.02.018 · Cited by 153
Self-citationChoice of Lard, But Not Total Lard Calories, Damps Adrenocorticotropin Responses to Restraint
la Fleur, S. E., Houshyar, H., Roy, M., & Dallman, M. F. (2005) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2004-1603 · Cited by 148
Ulrich‐Lai, Y. M., Ostrander, M. M., Thomas, I., Packard, B. A., Furay, A. R., Dolgas, C. M., Hooren, D. C. V., Figueiredo, H. F., Mueller, N. K., Choi, D. C., et al. (2007) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2006-1241 · Cited by 135
Laugero, K. D., Bell, M. E., Bhatnagar, S., Soriano, L., & Dallman, M. F. (2001) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.142.7.8250 · Cited by 123
Self-citationNeural Circuits Underlying Emotional Distress in Humans
SINHA, R., LACADIE, C., SKUDLARSKI, P., & WEXLER, B. E. (2004) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1314.032 · Cited by 121
Laugero, K. D., Gómez-Oliver, F., Manalo, S. L., & Dallman, M. F. (2002) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2002-220613 · Cited by 72
Self-citationGold, P. W., & Chrousos, G. P. (2013) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2013.5 · Cited by 61
Knapman, A., Kaltwasser, S. F., Martins‐de‐Souza, D., Holsboer, F., Landgraf, R., Turck, C. W., Czisch, M., & Touma, C. (2012) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07968.x · Cited by 44
Acute HPA axis response to naltrexone differs in female vs. male smokers
Roche, D. J. O., Childs, E., Epstein, A. M., & King, A. C. (2010) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.09.016 · Cited by 33
Daubenmier, J. J., Lustig, R. H., Hecht, F. M., Kristeller, J. L., Woolley, J. D., Adam, T. C., Dallman, M. F., & Epel, E. S. (2013) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2013.11.014 · Cited by 29
Self-citation(1997) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(97)80021-3 · Cited by 1
Lurito (2000) · doi:10.1002/1097-0193(200007)10:3
Cited by
Sorted by citations
More than a feeling: A unified view of stress measurement for population science
Epel, E. S., Crosswell, A. D., Mayer, S. E., Prather, A. A., Slavich, G. M., Puterman, E., & Mendes, W. B. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2018.03.001 · Cited by 1,077
“For example, consuming high sugar beverages (Tryon et al., 2015), smoking (Wardle et al.”
BackgroundSelf-citationSugar consumption, metabolic disease and obesity: The state of the controversy
Stanhope, K. L. (2016) · Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences · doi:10.3109/10408363.2015.1084990 · Cited by 739
Self-citationMadison, A. A., & Kiecolt‐Glaser, J. K. (2019) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2019.01.011 · Cited by 383
Adolescent Obesity: Diet Quality, Psychosocial Health, and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
Ruiz, L. D., Zuelch, M. L., Dimitratos, S. M., & Scherr, R. E. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12010043 · Cited by 336
The impact of sugar consumption on stress driven, emotional and addictive behaviors
Jacques, A., Chaaya, N., Beecher, K., Ali, S. A., Belmer, A., & Bartlett, S. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.021 · Cited by 271
Metadata
- Authors
- Tryon, M. S., Stanhope, K. L., Epel, E. S., Mason, A. E., Brown, R., Medici, V., Havel, P. J., & Laugero, K. D.
- Affiliations
- Departments of Nutrition (M.S.T., K.L.S., K.D.L., P.J.H.), California 95616
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Agricultural Research Service (US)
- Corresponding author
- Laugero, Kevin D.
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2015-06-01
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2239-2247
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- PMC
- PMC4454811
- OpenAlex
- W2125159096
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 4.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Office of Dietary Supplements
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (CA 95616, UL1 RR024146)
- National Institutes of Health (5r01hl091333-02, CA 95616, RR024146)
- University of California, Davis (95616, K12 HD051958, CA 95616, RR024146, UL1 RR024146)
- Agricultural Research Service
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (F32HL009133, 1R01HL09133, R01 HL-091333, R01HL121324, HL107256, RR024146, R01HL107256, HL09133)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- National Center for Research Resources (RR-024146, UL1RR024146)
- Office of Research on Women's Health (K12 HD051958)
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (T32AT003997)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K12HD051958)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- sucrose, aspartame, artificial sweeteners, stress response, salivary cortisol, hippocampus, Montreal Imaging Stress Task, naltrexone, nausea, obesity, women
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Beverages, Brain, Energy Intake, Dietary Carbohydrates, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Obesity, Stress, Psychological, Sweetening Agents, Weight Gain, Substance-Related Disorders, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
