Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Bril, Fernando; Ezeh, Uche; Amiri, Mina; Hatoum, Sana; Pace, Lauren; Chen, Yen-Hao; Bertrand, Fred; Gower, Barbara; Azziz, Ricardo

doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad356

Cited by 123Ovarian function and disordersAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesCardiovascular Disease and Adiposity

Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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Bril, Fernando, Ezeh, Uche, Amiri, Mina, Hatoum, Sana, Pace, Lauren, Chen, Yen-Hao, Bertrand, Fred, Gower, Barbara +1 more·2023·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

DOI 10.1210/clinem/dgad356PMC PMC10735305

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Abstract

Purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex genetic trait and the most common endocrine disorder of women, clinically evident in 5% to 15% of reproductive-aged women globally, with associated cardiometabolic dysfunction. Adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction appears to play an important role in the pathophysiology of PCOS even in patients who do not have excess adiposity. Methods: We undertook a systematic review concerning AT dysfunction in PCOS, and prioritized studies that assessed AT function directly. We also explored therapies that targeted AT dysfunction for the treatment of PCOS. Results: Various mechanisms of AT dysfunction in PCOS were identified including dysregulation in storage capacity, hypoxia, and hyperplasia; impaired adipogenesis; impaired insulin signaling and glucose transport; dysregulated lipolysis and nonesterified free fatty acids (NEFAs) kinetics; adipokine and cytokine dysregulation and subacute inflammation; epigenetic dysregulation; and mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress. Decreased glucose transporter-4 expression and content in adipocytes, leading to decreased insulin-mediated glucose transport in AT, was a consistent abnormality despite no alterations in insulin binding or in IRS/PI3K/Akt signaling. Adiponectin secretion in response to cytokines/chemokines is affected in PCOS compared to controls. Interestingly, epigenetic modulation via DNA methylation and microRNA regulation appears to be important mechanisms underlying AT dysfunction in PCOS. Conclusion: AT dysfunction, more than AT distribution and excess adiposity, contributes to the metabolic and inflammation abnormalities of PCOS. Nonetheless, many studies provided contradictory, unclear, or limited data, highlighting the urgent need for additional research in this important field.

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Visceral adipose tissue dysfunction plays a central role in the development of IR, chronic low-grade inflammation, and cardiometabolic complications in PCOS patients.
“Visceral adipose tissue dysfunction plays a central role in the development of IR, chronic low-grade inflammation, and cardiometabolic complications in PCOS patients.”
From Visceral and Dysfunctional Adiposity Indices as Predictors of Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study (2025) · cites this paper as [6]

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Rodgers, R. J., Avery, J., & McAllister, V. (2019) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/mja2.50054 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

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Polycystic ovary syndrome
Stener-Victorin, E., Teede, H., Norman, R. J., Legro, R., Goodarzi, M. O., Dokras, A., Laven, J., Hoeger, K., & Piltonen, T. T. (2024) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/s41572-024-00511-3 · Cited by 495 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome as a metabolic disease
Helvacı, N., & Yıldız, B. O. (2024) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-024-01057-w · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Reappraising the relationship between hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in PCOS
Houston, E. J., & Templeman, N. M. (2025) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-24-0269 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment
Bai, H., Ding, H., & Wang, M. (2024) · Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.31083/j.ceog5105126 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome: A metabolic disorder with therapeutic opportunities
Zhang, Y., Chen, Z., & Zhao, H. (2025) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2025.08.002 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Decoding androgen excess in polycystic ovary syndrome: Roles of insulin resistance and other key intraovarian and systemic factors
Rambaran, N., & Islam, M. S. (2025) · World Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.4239/wjd.v16.i7.108789 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance: A Key Driver of Metabolic Syndrome Pathogenesis
Rabiee, A., Hossain, M. A., & Poojari, A. (2025) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines13102376 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Hypoxia-Induced Insulin Resistance Mediates the Elevated Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Comprehensive Review
Adeva‐Andany, M. M., Domínguez-Montero, A., Castro-Quintela, E., Funcasta-Calderón, R., & Fernández‐Fernández, C. (2024) · Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.31083/j.rcm2506231 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
The effects of portfolio moderate-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets on anthropometric indices, metabolic status, and hormonal levels in overweight or obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial
Sharifi, M., Saber, A., Moludi, J., Salimi, Y., & Jahan-Mihan, A. (2024) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/s12937-024-01056-7 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Targeting Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Pathophysiology with Flavonoids: From Adipokine–Cytokine Crosstalk to Insulin Resistance and Reproductive Dysfunctions
Dutta, S., Sengupta, P., Rao, S., Elgarawany, G. E., Samrot, A. V., Rosas, I. M., & Roychoudhury, S. (2025) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph18101575 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Endocrine and metabolic effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on women with PCOS, a narrative review
Monney, M., Mavromati, M., Leboulleux, S., & Gariani, K. (2025) · Endocrine Connections · doi:10.1530/ec-24-0529 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Bariatric Surgery in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Samarasinghe, S., Woods, C., & Miras, A. D. (2023) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155745 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Preventing and correcting polycystic ovary syndrome by targeting anti-Müllerian hormone signaling in minipuberty and adulthood in mice
Cotellessa, L., Sobrino, V., Silva, M. S. B., Delit, M., Maitre, H., Caron, É., Ternier, G., Lima, N. D. S., Lhomme, T., Giton, F., et al. (2025) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2025.03.013 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Chemerin and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Its Role as a Biomarker and Therapeutic Target
Palomba, S., Seminara, G., Costanzi, F., Caserta, D., & Aversa, A. (2024) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines12122859 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Adipose-androgen crosstalk in polycystic ovary syndrome: mechanisms and therapeutic implications
Ni, M., Lei, H., Ye, T., & Wang, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1731179 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
DNA methylation and its impact on ovarian steroidogenesis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: insights from human and animal models
Zhong, Y., Ding, J., & Xia, F. (2025) · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1007/s00404-025-08048-w · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and urinary system cancers: Mere coincidence or reason for concern?
Bril, F., & Elbert, A. E. (2024) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2024.156066 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citation
Pathogenesis and treatment of obesity-related polycystic ovary syndrome
Ouyang, X., Zhou, Q., Tang, H., & Li, L. (2025) · Journal of Ovarian Research · doi:10.1186/s13048-025-01817-w · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Pathophysiology: Integrating Systemic, CNS and Circadian Processes
Anderson, G. (2024) · Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark · doi:10.31083/j.fbl2901024 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Breaking the metabolic–inflammatory vicious cycle in polycystic ovary syndrome: a comparative review of ketogenic and high-fat diets
Yang, W., Pang, N., & He, X. (2025) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-025-02693-5 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Cardiovascular disease risk prediction by Framingham risk score in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Amiri, M., Mousavi, M., Noroozzadeh, M., Azizi, F., & Tehrani, F. R. (2025) · Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology · doi:10.1186/s12958-025-01346-7 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citation
The impact of high altitude (hypobaric hypoxia) on insulin resistance in humans
Adeva‐Andany, M. M., Adeva-Contreras, L., Carneiro-Freire, N., Ameneiros-Rodríguez, E., Vila-Altesor, M., & Calvo‐Castro, I. (2025) · Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s13105-025-01069-8 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Alteration of the N6-methyladenosine methylation landscape in a mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome
Zou, L., Li, W., Xu, D., Zhu, S., & Jiang, B. (2023) · Journal of Ovarian Research · doi:10.1186/s13048-023-01246-7 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Visceral and Dysfunctional Adiposity Indices as Predictors of Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study
Keyif, B., & Yavuzcan, A. (2025) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina61030424 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Obesity Is Associated With Hyperandrogenemia in a Nationally Representative Sample of US Girls Aged 6 to 18 Years
Kim, S. H., Pannone, A. F., DeBoer, M. D., McCartney, C. R., & Solorzano, C. M. B. (2024) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae645 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome in pregnancy: pathophysiology and outcomes
Teede, H., Vanky, E., Piltonen, T., Stener-Victorin, E., Moran, L., & Bahri-Khomami, M. (2026) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-026-01261-w · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Efficacy of acupuncture in animal models of various ovarian dysfunctions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Zhao, Y., Lan, Y., Liu, L., Hao, J., Wang, H., & Ji, L. (2024) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2024.1348884 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Mendelian randomization and multi-omics approach analyses reveal impaired glucose metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation in visceral adipose tissue of women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Zhang, Y., Jiang, X., Song, X., Zhang, J., Mao, W., Chen, W., Yuan, S., Chen, Y., Mu, L., & Zhao, Y. (2024) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deae244 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citation
POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME: ORIGINS AND IMPLICATIONS: Polycystic ovary syndrome: an evolutionary metabolic adaptation
Dumesic, D. A., Padmanabhan, V., & Abbott, D. H. (2025) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/rep-25-0021 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
NLRP3 inflammasome activation in PCOS: A novel target for managing insulin resistance and metabolic dysregulation
Samadi, F., Babei, H., Nayebzadeh, M., Sadati, E., Zahiri, Z., Esfidani, T., Forouzin, S., & Etezadi, A. (2025) · Tissue and Cell · doi:10.1016/j.tice.2025.103097 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
On the Intimate Relationship of Adiposity to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Rosenfield, R. L., & Dumesic, D. A. (2025) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaf527 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Adipokines as biochemical marker of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents – review
Orszulak, D., Niziński, K., Matonóg, A., Zieba-Domalik, M. J., Stojko, R., & Drosdzol-Cop, A. B. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1475465 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Adolescent “Lean PCOS” Is Characterized by Higher Insulin Resistance and Adverse Adipokine Profile
Whooten, R., Rifas‐Shiman, S. L., Aris, I. M., Perng, W., Chavarro, J. E., Oken, E., & Hivert, M. (2025) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaf606 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Organokines and liver enzymes in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome during randomized treatments
García-Beltrán, C., Peyrou, M., Navarro‐Gascon, A., López‐Bermejo, A., de Zegher, F., Villarroya, F., & Ibáñez, L. (2024) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1325230 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Elevated Linoleic Acid Intake Becomes a Risk Factor for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Affecting Ovarian Granulosa Cells
Zhang, W., & Wu, F. (2025) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202402648rr · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Shared Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Genetic Factors in Early Menarche and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Tinano, F. R., Machado, I. F. R., Latronico, A. C., & Gomes, L. G. (2025) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1681-24.2024 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Metabolic liver disease: A summary of major guidelines and identifying opportunities to improve future guidelines
Bril, F. (2026) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.70553 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citation
Research progress of gut microbiota and its metabolites in polycystic ovary syndrome
Qin, S., Guo, S., Tan, X., Li, K., & Huang, J. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1700191 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The interactions between autophagy and immune in the liver-adipose-ovary circuit of polycystic ovary syndrome
Nie, G., Liu, M., Yang, L., Li, C., Qu, C., Wang, J., Mei, J., Wang, Y., Han, L., Zhang, X., et al. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1733950 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The Value of Androgen Measures for Diagnosing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in an Unselected Population
Pace, L. A., Kummer, N., Wallace, M., & Azziz, R. (2024) · Reproductive Sciences · doi:10.1007/s43032-024-01702-9 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citation
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Therapeutic potential of 3-acetyl coumarin against polycystic ovarian syndrome induced by letrozole using female rats
Shahbaz, S., Sharif, A., Akhtar, B., Mobashar, A., Shazly, G. A., Metouekel, A., & Bourhia, M. (2024) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00210-024-03720-5 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Retracted
Survey of ConvNeXt as a Cutting-Edge Approach in Detecting Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Advanced Image Analysis
Sangeetha, A. L., & Geetha, P. (2024) · International Conference on Data Intelligence and Cognitive Informatics (ICDICI) · doi:10.1109/icdici62993.2024.10810804 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Adiponectin Receptor Agonist AdipoRon Ameliorates the Metabolic Complications in a Hyperandrogenic Rat Model of PCOS
Abdelhameed, A. M., Eissa, M., Thompson, K., Edwards, K. S., Hoang, N., Rezq, S., Cornelius, D. C., Romero, D. G., & Cardozo, L. L. Y. (2025) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqaf173 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Suppression of adipose TGF-β1 by probiotics alleviates metabolic disturbance in experimentally induced PCOS
Olaniyi, K. S., Okara, D. O., & Areloegbe, S. E. J. (2025) · Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators · doi:10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2025.106989 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Acetate abates adipose-ovarian endocrinometabolic disturbance in experimentally induced polycystic ovarian syndrome
Olaniyi, K. S., Areloegbe, S. E. J., & Shah, M. Z. U. H. (2024) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109554 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Gut Microbiota and SCFAs Mediate the Therapeutic Effects of Canagliflozin in PCOS by Promoting White Fat Browning
Yang, X., Luo, H., Li, Q., Zhu, W., Fu, L., Chen, L., Li, X., Su, H., Zhang, L., & Huang, Y. (2025) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202502661r · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Natural Products in the Metabolic and Endocrine Modulation of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Current Perspectives
Liu, S., Wang, R., Yu, W., Shi, C., Wang, X., Liu, A., & Zhang, L. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18060964 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Weight Changes Are Linked to Adipose Tissue Genes in Overweight Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Hellberg, A., Salamon, D., Ujvári, D., Rydén, M., & Hirschberg, A. L. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms252111566 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Introduction to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Nutritional Challenges
Yingngam, B., Chaiburi, C., & Navabhatra, A. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-2120-0_1 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Adipokine Dysregulation in Obese and Non-Obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Patients: Association With Visceral Adiposity Index and Metabolic Risk
Kumari, M., Kumar, S., & Das, J. (2025) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.87755 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The role of traditional Chinese medicine in modulating gut microbiota to alleviating insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome
Yin, L., Yang, W., Xie, Q., Xu, J., Lan, Y., & Wu, J. (2025) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1700612 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Exploring the Combination of Traditional Chinese and Allopathic Medicine in the Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome from the Perspective of Modern Medicine
Hu, X., Zhu, M., Zhou, Q., Li, Z., Luo, L., Liang, W., Chen, S., Pu, X., & Du, J. (2025) · Drug Design Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dddt.s574929 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Exosomes for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Treatment: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential
Liu, P., Sha, Y., Yang, H., & Liu, T. (2026) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s574044 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Reproductive Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Kobayashi, H., Shigetomi, H., Nishio, M., Umetani, M., Imanaka, S., & Hashimoto, H. (2026) · Reproductive Sciences · doi:10.1007/s43032-026-02097-5 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Role of Liraglutide in weight management and reproductive health in women with obesity and PCOS- A critical review of the evidence
Shetty, S., Karunakara, M. B., Kristipati, R. R., Kalthur, G., & Kumari, S. (2025) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.167998.1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Cross-sectional study of the relationship between dietary inflammatory index and inflammatory hormonal and metabolic profiles in polycystic ovary syndrome
Morshedzadeh, N., Behrouz, V., & Ahmadi, A. R. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-24046-z · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“…activates ovarian theca cells androgen synthesis through insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1/2)-mediated upregulation of steroidogenic enzymes, while insulin resistance in adipose tissue reduces sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) production, leading to elevated free testosterone 11,12 .”
Deciphering polycystic ovary syndrome: A brief overview from metabolic drivers to genetic and fetal origins
Morales-Esponda, M., Aguilar, R. D. L. S., Villanueva-Rodríguez, R., Oliva, L. D. S., Aguilar-Salinas, C. A., Chirinos, M., & Larrea, F. (2025) · Revista de investigaci�n Cl�nica · doi:10.1016/j.ric.2025.100008 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
To explore the relationship between endometrial hyperemia and polycystic ovary syndrome
Wang, S., Li, F., Zhang, W., Bao, H., & Hao, C. (2025) · Open Life Sciences · doi:10.1515/biol-2025-1154 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Lipoprotein subclasses compensate the classic atherogenic lipid profile of women with polycystic ovary syndrome, but common antiandrogenic treatments worsen their lipidome
Luque‐Ramírez, M., Martínez-García, M. Á., Insenser, M. R., Quintero-Tobar, A., Quiñones, S. D. L., Nattero‐Chávez, L., & Escobar-Morreale, H. F. (2025) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1093/ejendo/lvaf213 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Regulation of Lipid Biology‐Associated Gene Expression in Granulosa Cells in Hyperandrogenic PCOS : A Possible Link Between Dyslipidemia and Hyperandrogenism
Berkel, Ç. (2026) · Lipids · doi:10.1002/lipd.70035 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mid-pregnancy serum chemerin levels predict persistence of postpartum hypertension in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Palomba, S., Seminara, G., Costanzi, F., Cannarella, R., Russo, T., Sarica, M., Signore, F., Caserta, D., Calogero, A. E., & Aversa, A. (2026) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1093/ejendo/lvag102 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mediterranean diet adherence and metabolic parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Yurtseven, K., Akbaba, A. K., Pınarlı, Ç., İbanoğlu, M. C., & Üstün, Y. E. (2026) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-026-04628-3 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The association between serum growth differentiation factor 15 and insulin resistance in women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome
Mei, Y., Li, W., Chen, Z., & Wang, M. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-98028-6 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
11- Oxygenated Androgens Inhibit Brown Adipose Tissue Differentiation
Yuan, Y., Steenbergen, J., Goulart, A. D. O. S., Sabaté-Pérez, A., & Visser, J. A. (2025) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqaf172 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Determination of Serum Adiponectin Levels in Normal Weight Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Hamdi, R. A., Mohammed, N. S., & Al-Naddawi, A. M. (2015) · Journal of the Faculty of Medicine Baghdad · doi:10.32007/med.1936/jfacmedbagdad.v57i2.18 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Letter to the Editor from de Zegher and Ibáñez: “Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome”
de Zegher, F., & Ibáñez, L. (2024) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae406 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Determination of insulin resistance, adiponectin and leptin in overweight women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Hamad, S. S., & Ahmed, S. (2025) · Middle East Fertility Society Journal · doi:10.1186/s43043-025-00243-8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Independent Elevation of Leptin and Reduction of Protective Adipokines in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A BMI-Matched Case–Control Study
Yan, H., Wang, L., Zhang, G., Zhao, Y., Jiang, M., Liu, J., Zeng, Q., Zeng, J., Long, F., Bai, X., et al. (2025) · International Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.2147/ijwh.s560444 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Effect of Insulin Sensitizers on Glycemic and Lipid Profile in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Stevchevska, A., & Milenković, T. (2025) · PRILOZI · doi:10.2478/prilozi-2025-0022 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Serum Chemerin Levels in Polish Women with PCOS-Phenotype D
Kuliczkowska-Płaksej, J., Halupczok-Żyła, J., Gojny, Ł., Zembska, A., Zimoch, A., Skrzypiec‐Spring, M., Bolanowski, M., & Jawiarczyk-Przybyłowska, A. (2026) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm15020772 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and associated factors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared with ovulatory controls
de Azevedo, M. D. F., Rocha, A. K. C., de Melo, L. M. B., Melo, L. M. B. D., Catão, R. L. A., & Costa, E. C. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-38731-0 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Impact of Sodium Butyrate Supplementation on Insulin Resistance and Adipose Tissue Modulation in Murine Models of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Ferreira, M. M., Frank, Y. S., Petri, G., Veridiano, J. M., Dsouki, N. A., Reis, B. D. C. A. A., Ulsen, C., Flórez, J. J. A., Pompei, L. D. M., Steiner, M. L., et al. (2026) · Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation · doi:10.1159/000551076 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Expression and significance of ependymin‐related protein 1 and neuregulin 4 in the serum of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Xiaopang, R., Jie, S., Hao, W.-J., & Man, L. (2026) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.70928 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Oxidative stress and the therapeutic potential of dietary antioxidants in polycystic ovary syndrome: a narrative review
Amer, N. A., Aldababseh, S. B., Gawad, D. A. H. A., Abdelsadek, M. M., Gouda, R. A., & Kinki, A. B. (2026) · Journal of Ovarian Research · doi:10.1186/s13048-026-02075-0 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Bridging the Practice Gap: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as an Under-Recognised Risk State for Ischaemic Stroke and Cardiovascular Disease
Jamshaid, M., Sheikh, A. A., Jamshaid, W., Shafiq, H., & Ahmed, M. H. (2026) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm15103577 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Phenotype-Specific Profiles of Isthmin-1, Trimethylamine N-Oxide, and Nitric Oxide in Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (Formerly PCOS): An Exploratory Biomarker Study
Tığlı, A., Baykuş, Y., Deniz, R., Akıncı, G. E., Şener, N., Değirmenci, Y. E., Karakoç, O., Uzuner, M. B., Üstebay, S., Kilic, S., et al. (2026) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo16070488 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
A single-nucleus multiomic study of preoptic area cells in prepubertal control vs prenatally androgenized female mice
Burger, L. L., Chikodikar, R. M., & Moenter, S. M. (2026) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqag087
Microbial indole-3-acetamide alleviates polycystic ovary syndrome through HIF-2α-ceramide signaling
Chen, W., Zhao, M., Yan, S., Li, M., Ye, C., Yun, C., Zhang, L., Mao, Y., Yan, Z., Wen, Y., et al. (2026) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2026.08.015 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in PCOS
Aparupa, A., & Singh, R. (2024) · Journal of Endocrinology & Reproduction · doi:10.18311/jer/2023/34082 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ovarian Factors of Cardiovascular Disease: The Way to Go?
Lakhno, I. V. (2024) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.114216
Topiramate and Metformin: Initial Insights into PCOS Weight Management and the Need for Further Research
Amiri, M., & Azziz, R. (2024) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae752
Self-citation
Ginecologia e Obstetrícia - Edição XV
FREITAS, G. B. L. D., LIMA, G. M., & MENDES, J. C. C. (2024) · doi:10.59290/978-65-6029-188-1
Research Progress on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Epigenetic DNA Methylation Regulation
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The Relationship Between Insulin Resistance and Cancer in Humans
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Authors: Bril, F., Ezeh, U., Amiri, M., Hatoum, S., Pace, L., Chen, Y.-H., Bertrand, F., Gower, B., & Azziz, R.
Affiliations: University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences (IR)
Foundation for Research and Education Excellence , Vestavia, AL 35243 , USA
Department of Research, Biomere-West , Richmond, CA 94806 , USA
Corresponding author: Azziz, Ricardo
ORCID: Bril, Fernando
Ezeh, Uche
Amiri, Mina
Hatoum, Sana
Chen, Yen-Hao
Gower, Barbara
Azziz, Ricardo
Venue: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Published: 2023-06-17
Volume: 109
Issue: 1
Pages: 10-24
ISSN: 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
1945-7197
DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad356
PMC: PMC10735305
OpenAlex: W4381047110
Cited by: 123
References: 156
Citations by year: 2026: 54 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 3 · 2015: 1
FWCI: 4.95
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)
Locations: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (1-K24-HD01346, R01-DK073632, R01-HD29364))
Helping Hand of Los Angeles, Inc
Research and Education Excellence
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome, adipose tissue dysfunction, insulin resistance, glucose transport, glucose transporter 4, adiponectin, adipokines, inflammation, epigenetic regulation, DNA methylation, microRNA, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, lipolysis, free fatty acids, adipocyte hyperplasia, adipogenesis, cardiometabolic dysfunction
MeSH terms: Adipose Tissue, Adult, Female, Glucose, Humans, Inflammation, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Cytokines, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases

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Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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