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Cited by 421Hormonal and reproductive studiesSmoking Behavior and CessationAdrenal Hormones and Disorders

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The relation of smoking, age, relative weight, and dietary intake to serum adrenal steroids, sex hormones, and sex hormone-binding globulin in middle-aged men.

Field, A E, Colditz, G A, Willett, W C, Longcope, C, McKinlay, J B·1994·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
DOI 10.1210/jcem.79.5.7962322
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Abstract

The relationships of cigarette smoking, age, relative weight, and dietary intake to serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), androstenedione, cortisol, 3-alpha-androstanediol, 3-alpha-androstanediol-glucuronide, testosterone, albumin-bound testosterone, free testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were examined cross-sectionally in 1241 randomly sampled middle-aged U.S. men. Compared with nonsmokers and independent of relative weight (body mass index) and age, cigarette smokers had increased serum levels of DHEA (18% higher, P = 0.0002), DHEAS (13% higher, P = 0.0007), cortisol (5% higher, P = 0.01), androstenedione (33% higher, P = 0.0001), testosterone (9% higher, P = 0.009), DHT (14% higher, P = 0.004), and SHBG (8% higher, P = 0.004). Androstenedione, total plasma testosterone, albumin-bound testosterone, DHT, and SHBG decreased with increasing relative weight. Age was positively associated with serum SHBG and negatively associated with albumin-bound testosterone, DHEA, and DHEAS. An association was found between alcohol intake and DHEA (r = 0.15; P = 0.0001), cortisol (r = 0.10; P = 0.0007), and 3-alpha-androstanediol-glucuronide (r = 0.08; P = 0.0004). Cortisol was the only hormone that was associated with carbohydrate intake (r = -0.09; P = 0.002). The only hormones associated with dietary lipids were DHT (for vegetable fat, r = 0.07; P = 0.02), cortisol (for total fat, r = 0.08; P = 0.007), and SHBG (for animal fat, r = -0.06; P = 0.05). In addition, SHBG was positively associated with dietary (r = 0.07; P = 0.008) and crude (r = 0.08; P = 0.007) fiber. These data suggest that serum adrenal steroid and sex hormone concentrations in middle-aged men are more influenced by cigarette smoking, age, and obesity than by dietary intake; however, serum adrenal steroids were influenced by alcohol intake.

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Crossref · 10.1210/jcem.79.5.7962322

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Metadata

Authors
Field, A. E., Colditz, G. A., Willett, W. C., Longcope, C., & McKinlay, J. B.
Affiliations
Harvard University (US)
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Publisher
The Endocrine Society
Published
1994-11
Volume
79
Issue
5
Pages
1310-1316
ISSN
  • 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7197
DOI
10.1210/jcem.79.5.7962322
OpenAlex
W2162133772
Cited by
421
References
44
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 18
FWCI
7.04
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Keywords
cigarette smoking, sex hormones, sex hormone-binding globulin, middle-aged men, body mass index, dietary intake, alcohol consumption, cortisol, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, age, dietary fat, carbohydrate intake, sex differences in hormone levels
MeSH terms
Adrenal Glands, Adult, Aged, Aging, Body Weight, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dehydroepiandrosterone, Diet, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Smoking, Dihydrotestosterone, Testosterone, Body Mass Index, Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate

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