Gender differences in the temporal organization of proclactin (PRL) secretion: evidence for a sleep-independent circadian rhythm of circulating PRL levels- a clinical research center study.
Abstract
Although a nocturnal rise in PRL secretion is well known, it has long been presumed to be evoked by sleep. To determine whether PRL secretion was driven by a sleep-independent circadian rhythm, we studied 12 men and 10 women using a constant routine protocol. Under the constant routine conditions of continuous semirecumbent wakefulness in constant indoor room light with hourly meals distributed throughout the day and night, a persistent circadian rhythm of PRL secretion was present in men and in women at the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Furthermore, the amplitude of this rhythm in women was significantly greater than that in men. The present data demonstrate the presence of a robust sleep-independent endogenous circadian rhythm of PRL secretion in humans. We hypothesize that this endogenous component of the circadian rhythm of PRL secretion together with those of body temperature, urine production, and cortisol, TSH, and melatonin secretion are driven by the central circadian pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus.
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A circadian decrease in prolactin at these morning hours has been described in volunteers not treated with dexamethasone.
“Una disminución circadiana de la prolactina a estas horas, similar a la observada en el grupo placebo de nuestro estudio, ha sido descrita en voluntarios no tratados con dexametasona 33,34 .”
From La melatonina reduce la respuesta de cortisol al ACTH en humanos (2008) · cites this paper as [34]
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- Authors
- Waldstreicher, J., Duffy, J. F., Brown, E. N., Rogacz, S., Allan, J. S., & Czeisler, C. A.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 1996-04
- Volume
- 81
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1483-1487
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W2051715639
- Cited by
- 100
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01hd020174-03)
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG006072, R01-AG-06072)
- National Center for Research Resources (GCRC-2-MO1-RR02635, M01RR002635)
- NIH Clinical Center
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01-HD-20174)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- prolactin secretion, circadian rhythm, gender differences, menstrual cycle, follicular phase, luteal phase, suprachiasmatic nucleus, nocturnal prolactin surge
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Body Temperature, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Follicular Phase, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Luteal Phase, Male, Melatonin, Menstrual Cycle, Prolactin, Sex Characteristics, Sleep, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Thyrotropin, Urine, Wakefulness
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