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Cited by 286Circadian rhythm and melatoninSleep and Work-Related FatigueSpaceflight effects on biology

Adaptation to abrupt time shifts of the oscillator(s) controlling human circadian rhythms.

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Mills, J N, Minors, D S, Waterhouse, J M·1978·The Journal of Physiology
DOI 10.1113/jphysiol.1978.sp012582PMC PMC1281767
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Abstract

1. Thirty‐six subjects in an isolation unit were subjected to time shifts of 12 hr, or of 8 hr in either direction. 2. The rhythms of body temperature and excretion of eight urinary constituents were studied before and after the shift, both on a usual nychthemeral routine and during 24 hr when they remained under constant conditions, awake, engaged in light, mainly sedentary activity, and consuming identical food and fluid every hour. 3. The rhythms on nychthemeral routine were defined by fitting cosine curves. On constant routine the rhythm after the shift was cross‐correlated with the original rhythm, either with variable delay (or advance) or with an additive mixture between this variably shifted rhythm and the unshifted or a fully shifted rhythm. The process yielding the highest correlation coefficient was accepted as the best descriptor of the nature of adaptation. 4. A combination of two rhythms was observed more often for urinary sodium, chloride and phosphate than for other variables. 5. Adaptation appeared to have proceeded further after westward than eastward shifts, and this difference was particularly noticeable for urinary potassium, sodium and chloride. 6. Partial adaptation usually involved a phase delay, even after an eastward shift when a cumulative delay of 16 hr would be needed to achieve full adaptation and re‐entrainment. 7. Observations under nychthemeral conditions often gave a false idea of the degree of adaptation. In particular, after an eastward shift the phase of the rhythms appeared to shift in the appropriate direction when studied under nychthemeral conditions whereas the endogenous oscillator either showed no consistent behaviour or, in the control of urate excretion, a shift in the wrong direction. 8. The implications for people undergoing time shifts, in the course of shift work or transmeridional flights, are indicated.

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Authors
Mills, J. N., Minors, D. S., & Waterhouse, J. M.
Venue
The Journal of Physiology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1978-12
Volume
285
Issue
1
Pages
455-470
ISSN
  • 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-7793
DOI
10.1113/jphysiol.1978.sp012582
PMC
PMC1281767
OpenAlex
W2111866343
Cited by
285
References
19
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 4
FWCI
1.49
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Spaceflight effects on biology
Keywords
circadian rhythm, circadian adaptation, time shift, re-entrainment, body temperature rhythm, urinary excretion, urinary sodium, urinary chloride, urinary potassium, uric acid excretion, phase lag, constant routine, shift work, endogenous oscillator
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Physiological, Adolescent, Adult, Body Temperature, Chlorides, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Humans, Male, Potassium, Sodium

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