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Cited by 87Muscle metabolism and nutritionDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsNutrition and Health in Aging

Differential Insulin Sensitivities of Glucose, Amino Acid, and Albumin Metabolism in Elderly Men and Women

Boirie, Yves, Gachon, Pierre, Cordat, Nathalie, Ritz, Patrick, Beaufrère, Bernard·2001·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
DOI 10.1210/jcem.86.2.7193
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Abstract

Regulation of glucose homeostasis by insulin is modified during aging, but whether this alteration is associated with changes in protein metabolism is less defined. Insulin dose responses of whole body glucose, leucine, and albumin metabolism have been investigated using isotopic dilution of D-[6, 6-(2)H(2)]glucose and L-[1-(13)C]leucine in 14 young (Y; 24.0 +/- 0.9 yr; mean +/- SEM, 20.5 +/- 0.4 kg/m(2)) and 12 healthy elderly subjects (E; 69.4 +/- 0.6 yr; 24.6 +/- 0.8 kg/m(2)) using a euglycemic and euaminoacidemic hyperinsulinemic clamp at two insulin infusion rates of 0.2 and 0.5 mU/kg.min (CL1 and CL2, respectively). Despite significantly higher plasma insulin in E than in Y, the glucose disposal rate was lower in E than in Y at both insulin levels, whereas glucose production was normally suppressed. Whole body protein breakdown was less inhibited by insulin in E than in Y at CL1 (-13.5 +/- 1.4% vs. -8.8 +/- 1.3%, Y vs. E, P < 0.05), but not significantly at CL2 (-22.0 +/- 1.4% vs. -18.8 +/- 1.7%, Y vs. E, P = NS). The albumin synthesis rate was identical and stimulated to the same extent by insulin in groups Y and E. Gender affected basal leucine metabolism, but the response to insulin was similar in both groups. In conclusion, decreased insulin action on glucose disposal is associated with a reduced insulin sensitivity for protein breakdown in healthy elderly subjects at low insulin concentrations. Higher insulin levels compensate for a reduced insulin action on protein metabolism in elderly subjects.

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Authors
Boirie, Y., Gachon, P., Cordat, N., Ritz, P., & Beaufrère, B.
Affiliations
Université Clermont Auvergne (FR)
ORCID
Ritz, Patrick
Venue
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Publisher
The Endocrine Society
Published
2001-02
Volume
86
Issue
2
Pages
638-644
ISSN
  • 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7197
DOI
10.1210/jcem.86.2.7193
OpenAlex
W2096423991
Cited by
87
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 4
FWCI
2.04
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
Keywords
insulin sensitivity, aging, glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, protein degradation, albumin synthesis, leucine metabolism, glucose disposal, insulin dose-response, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, sex differences, older adults
MeSH terms
Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aging, Amino Acids, Blood Glucose, Carbon Isotopes, Female, Glucose, Homeostasis, Humans, Infusions, Intravenous, Insulin, Leucine, Male, Proteins, Serum Albumin, Glucose Clamp Technique, Body Mass Index

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