Cited by 2,990Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsParkinson's Disease Mechanisms and TreatmentsAlzheimer's disease research and treatments

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Reactive microglia are positive for HLA‐DR in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease brains

McGeer, P. L., Itagaki, S., Boyes, B. E., McGeer, E. G.·1988·Neurology

DOI 10.1212/wnl.38.8.1285

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Abstract

We detected large numbers of HLA-DR-positive reactive microglia (macrophages), along with Lewy bodies and free melanin, in the substantia nigra of all cases studied with Parkinson's disease (5) and parkinsonism with dementia (PD) (5). We found similar, but less extensive, pathology in the substantia nigra of six of nine cases of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) but in only one of 11 age-matched nonneurologic cases. All dementia cases with a premortem diagnosis of DAT or PD showed large numbers of HLA-DR-positive reactive microglia and significant plaque and tangle counts in the hippocampus, as well as reduced cortical choline acetyltransferase activity. One of 11 nondemented controls showed mild evidence of similar cortical pathology. These data indicate that HLA-DR-positive reactive microglia are a sensitive index of neuropathologic activity. They suggest a frequent coexistence of DAT- and Parkinson-type pathology in elderly patients.

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Authors: McGeer, P. L., Itagaki, S., Boyes, B. E., & McGeer, E. G.
Affiliations: University of British Columbia (CA)
ORCID: McGeer, P. L.
Boyes, B. E.
Venue: Neurology
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 1988-08
Volume: 38
Issue: 8
Pages: 1285-1285
ISSN: 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
1526-632X
DOI: 10.1212/wnl.38.8.1285
OpenAlex: W1974924674
Cited by: 2,990
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 98 · 2025: 130 · 2024: 148 · 2023: 148 · 2022: 175 · 2021: 159 · 2020: 159 · 2019: 129 · 2018: 131 · 2017: 93 · 2016: 108 · 2015: 111 · 2014: 120 · 2013: 116 · 2012: 127
FWCI: 10.67
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Neurology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Keywords: reactive microglia, HLA-DR, substantia nigra, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Lewy bodies, melanin, amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, choline acetyltransferase, hippocampus
MeSH terms: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Brain Chemistry, Dementia, Female, HLA-D Antigens, HLA-DR Antigens, Humans, Male, Melanins, Middle Aged, Neuroglia, Parkinson Disease, Substantia Nigra

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Reactive microglia are positive for HLA‐DR in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease brains

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