Cited by 234Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and TreatmentsCoffee research and impactsDementia and Cognitive Impairment Research

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Smoking, alcohol, and coffee consumption preceding Parkinson’s disease: A case-control study

Benedetti, M.D., Bower, J.H., Maraganore, D.M., McDonnell, S.K., Peterson, B.J., Ahlskog, J.E., Schaid, D.J., Rocca, W.A.·2000·Neurology

DOI 10.1212/wnl.55.9.1350

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To study the association of PD with preceding smoking, alcohol, and coffee consumption using a case-control design. METHODS: The authors used the medical records linkage system of the Rochester Epidemiology Project to identify 196 subjects who developed PD in Olmsted County, MN, during the years 1976 to 1995. Each incident case was matched by age (+/-1 year) and sex to a general population control subject. The authors reviewed the complete medical records of cases and control subjects to abstract exposure information. RESULTS: For coffee consumption, the authors found an OR of 0.35 (95% CI = 0.16 to 0.78, p = 0.01), a dose-effect trend (p = 0.003), and a later age at PD onset in cases who drank coffee compared with those who never did (median 72 versus 64 years; p = 0.0002). The inverse association with coffee remained significant after adjustment for education, smoking, and alcohol drinking and was restricted to PD cases with onset at age <72 years and to men. The OR for cigarette smoking was 0.69 (95% CI = 0.45 to 1.08, p = 0.1). The authors found no association between PD and alcohol consumption. Extreme or unusual behaviors such as tobacco chewing or snuff use and a diagnosis of alcoholism were significantly more common in control subjects than cases. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest an inverse association between coffee drinking and PD; however, this association does not imply that coffee has a direct protective effect against PD. Alternative explanations for the association should be considered.

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Erectile Dysfunction Preceding Clinically Diagnosed α-Synucleinopathies: A Case-Control Study in Olmsted County
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“Studies show that increasing the amount of coffee from less than one cup to several cups a day significantly decreases the chances of developing PD [21-23].”
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Environmental Risk Factors for Parkinson’s Disease
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Background
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Background
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Authors: Benedetti, M. D., Bower, J. H., Maraganore, D. M., McDonnell, S. K., Peterson, B. J., Ahlskog, J. E., Schaid, D. J., & Rocca, W. A.
Affiliations: Mayo Clinic (US)
ORCID: Benedetti, M.D.
Bower, J.H.
Maraganore, D.M.
McDonnell, S.K.
Ahlskog, J.E.
Schaid, D.J.
Rocca, W.A.
Venue: Neurology
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2000-11-14
Volume: 55
Issue: 9
Pages: 1350-1358
ISSN: 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
1526-632X
DOI: 10.1212/wnl.55.9.1350
OpenAlex: W2172189733
Cited by: 234
References: 34
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 5.25
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Neurology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS033978, NS33978)
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR030582, AR30582)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Coffee research and impacts
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Keywords: Parkinson's disease, coffee consumption, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, risk factors, age of onset, tobacco chewing, snuff use, alcoholism, Rochester Epidemiology Project, Rochester, Minnesota
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Alcohol Drinking, Coffee, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Minnesota, Parkinson Disease, Smoking, Case-Control Studies

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Smoking, alcohol, and coffee consumption preceding Parkinson’s disease: A case-control study

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