Multiple extracellular signals are required for long-term oligodendrocyte survival
Open accessAbstract
We showed previously that oligodendrocytes and their precursors require continuous signalling by protein trophic factors to avoid programmed cell death in culture. Here we show that three classes of such trophic factors promote oligodendrocyte survival in vitro: (1) insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), (2) neurotrophins, particularly neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and (3) ciliary-neurotrophic factor (CNTF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). A single factor, or combinations of factors within the same class, promote only short-term survival of oligodendrocytes and their precursors, while combinations of factors from different classes promote survival additively. Long-term survival of oligodendrocytes in vitro requires at least one factor from each class, suggesting that multiple signals may be required for long-term oligodendrocyte survival in vivo. We also show that CNTF promotes oligodendrocyte survival in vivo, that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) can promote the survival of oligodendrocyte precursors in vitro by acting on a novel, very high affinity PDGF receptor, and that, in addition to its effect on survival, NT-3 is a potent mitogen for oligodendrocyte precursor cells.
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Mature oligodendrocytes are highly viable in serum-free conditions and do not require astrocyte trophic support.
“We screened for ACM toxicity using mature oligodendrocytes because they are highly viable in serum-free conditions and do not require astrocyte trophic support (Figure 1a-b)7”
From Neurotoxic reactive astrocytes induce cell death via saturated lipids (2021) · cites this paper as [7]
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- Authors
- Barres, B. A., Schmid, R., Sendnter, M., & Raff, M. C.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (DE)
- ORCID
- Barres, B. A.
- Venue
- Development
- Publisher
- The Company of Biologists
- Published
- 1993-05-01
- Volume
- 118
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 283-295
- ISSN
- 0950-1991 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-9129
- OpenAlex
- W2165278466
- Cited by
- 712
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 11.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- nbn-resolving.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Online Publication Service of Würzburg University (Würzburg University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Keywords
- oligodendrocyte survival, oligodendrocyte precursor cells, trophic factors, insulin-like growth factor, neurotrophin-3, ciliary neurotrophic factor, leukemia inhibitory factor, interleukin-6, platelet-derived growth factor, PDGF receptor, cell proliferation, programmed cell death, myelination
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cells, Cultured, Growth Inhibitors, Growth Substances, Insulin, Lymphokines, Nerve Growth Factors, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Oligodendroglia, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor, Somatomedins, Signal Transduction, Interleukin-6, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Apoptosis, Neurotrophin 3, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor, Rats, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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