Cited by 118Physical Activity and HealthObesity, Physical Activity, DietRecreational Sport and Physical Activity

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Compensation of Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in Primary School Children

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RIDGERS, NICOLA D., TIMPERIO, ANNA, CERIN, ESTER, SALMON, JO·2014·Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

DOI 10.1249/mss.0000000000000275PMC PMC4186722

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Abstract

PURPOSE: There is considerable debate about the possibility of physical activity compensation. This study examined whether increased levels in physical activity and/or sedentary behavior on 1 d were predictive of lower levels in these behaviors on the following day (compensatory mechanisms) among children. METHODS: Two hundred and forty-eight children (121 boys and 127 girls) age 8-11 yr from nine primary schools in Melbourne, Australia, wore a GT3X+ ActiGraph for seven consecutive days. Time spent in light physical activity (LPA) and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) was derived using age-specific cut points. Sedentary time was defined as 100 counts per minute. Meteorological data (temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, and daylight hours) were obtained daily and matched to accelerometer wear days. Multilevel analyses (day, child, and school) were conducted using generalized linear latent and mixed models. RESULTS: On any given day, every additional 10 min spent in MVPA was associated with approximately 25 min less LPA and 5 min less MVPA the following day. Similarly, additional time spent in LPA on any given day was associated with less time in LPA and MVPA the next day. Time spent sedentary was associated with less sedentary time the following day. Adjusting for meteorological variables did not change observed compensation effects. No significant moderating effect of sex was observed. CONCLUSION: The results are consistent with the compensation hypothesis, whereby children appear to compensate their physical activity or sedentary time between days. Additional adjustment for meteorological variables did not change the observed associations. Further research is needed to examine what factors may explain apparent compensatory changes in children's physical activity and sedentary time.

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Authors: RIDGERS, N. D., TIMPERIO, A., CERIN, E., & SALMON, J.
Affiliations: Deakin University (AU)
ORCID: RIDGERS, NICOLA D.
TIMPERIO, ANNA
CERIN, ESTER
SALMON, JO
Venue: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2014-08
Volume: 46
Issue: 8
Pages: 1564-1569
ISSN: 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000275
PMC: PMC4186722
OpenAlex: W1984114992
Cited by: 118
References: 36
Citations by year: 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 1
FWCI: 8.42
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
Locations: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Medical Research Council
Australian Research Council (DE120101173)
National Health and Medical Research Council (1026216)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Social Sciences › Life-span and Life-course Studies › Recreational Sport and Physical Activity
Keywords: sedentary behavior, elementary school students, light physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, compensatory mechanisms, meteorological parameters, sex differences, daily activity patterns
MeSH terms: Child, Child Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Schools, Sex Factors, Time Factors, Weather, Sedentary Behavior

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Compensation of Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in Primary School Children

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