Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 1,676

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Identity and the Economics of Organizations

Akerlof, George A, Kranton, Rachel E·2005·Journal of Economic Perspectives

Abstract

The economics of organizations is replete with the pitfalls of monetary rewards and punishments to motivate workers. If economic incentives do not work, what does? This paper proposes that workers' self-image as jobholders, coupled with their ideal as to how their job should be done, can be a major work incentive. It shows how such identities can flatten reward schedules, as they solve “principal agent” problem. The paper also identifies and explores a new tradeoff: supervisors may provide information to principals, but create rifts within the workforce and reduce employees' intrinsic work incentives. We motivate the theory with examples from the classic sociology of military and civilian organizations.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1257/0895330053147930

Cites

4 of 4 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 4 references

Research works printed but not linked: 30

  1. 10.2307/2393986 · DOI · Paper page
  2. 2000, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 105, 715
  3. 10.1257/002205102762203585 · doi:10.1257/002205102762203585
  4. 10.2307/2937787 · DOI · Paper page
  5. 10.1086/322072 · DOI
  6. 10.1086/261831 · DOI · Paper page
  7. 10.1086/259394 · DOI · Paper page
  8. 10.1086/467507 · DOI · Paper page
  9. 10.1086/209948 · doi:10.1086/209948
  10. 10.2307/2393854 · DOI · Paper page
  11. Cremer Jacques, 1993, Industrial and Corporate Change., 3, 351
  12. 10.1111/1468-0297.00079 · DOI · Paper page
  13. Frank Robert H, 1984, American Economic Review, 74, 549
  14. 10.1111/1467-6419.00150 · DOI · Paper page
  15. 10.1257/jep.12.4.115 · DOI · Paper page
  16. Gibbons Robert, 1999, Handbook of Labor Economics. Orley Ashenfelter and David Card, eds. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 2373
  17. 10.1086/468061 · DOI · Paper page
  18. 10.2307/3003457 · DOI · Paper page
  19. 10.1093/jleo/7.special_issue.24 · DOI · Paper page
  20. 10.1086/261840 · DOI · Paper page
  21. 10.1086/261616 · DOI · Paper page
  22. 10.1257/jep.5.2.89 · DOI
  23. Lazear Edward P, 1995, Trends in Business Organization. Horst Siebert, ed. Tübingen, Germany: J.C.B. Mohr, 134
  24. 10.1086/261010 · DOI · Paper page
  25. 10.2307/2298123 · DOI · Paper page
  26. Ricks Thomas E, 1997, Atlantic Monthly, 280, 66
  27. 10.2307/3087432 · DOI
  28. 10.1086/221011 · DOI · Paper page
  29. 10.2307/2087434 · DOI · Paper page
  30. Shapiro Carl, 1984, American Economic Review, 74, 433

Cited by

See all 1,676

Metadata

Authors
Akerlof, G. A., & Kranton, R. E.
Venue
Journal of Economic Perspectives
Published
2005-02-01
Volume
19
Issue
1
Pages
9-32
ISSN
0895-3309 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2149027374
Cited by
1,676
References
4
FWCI
212.95
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Identity and the Economics of Organizations. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1257/0895330053147930
The paper
Akerlof, G. A., & Kranton, R. E. (2005). Identity and the Economics of Organizations. Journal of Economic Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.1257/0895330053147930

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.