Incarceration length, employment, and earnings
Abstract
This paper estimates effects of increases in incarceration length on employment and earnings prospects of individuals after their release from prison. I utilize a variety of research designs including controlling for observable factors and using instrumental variables for incarceration length based on randomly assigned judges with different sentencing propensities. The results show no consistent evidence of adverse labor market consequences of longer incarceration length using any of the analytical methods in either the state system in Florida or the federal system in California.
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Papers focusing on the United States and using randomly assigned judges find no effects of incarceration on economic outcomes or recidivism.
“However, papers focusing on the United States and using randomly assigned judges find no effects of incarceration on economic outcomes (Kling, 2006) or on recidivism (Green and Winik, 2010).”
From Prison Rehabilitation Programs: Efficiency and Targeting (2021) · cites this paper as Kling, 2006
The literature provides little evidence of rehabilitative effects of incarceration in the United States.
“and the literature provides little evidence of rehabilitative effects of incarceration (Kling, 2006).”
From Prison Rehabilitation Programs: Efficiency and Targeting (2021) · cites this paper as Kling, 2006
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- Authors
- Kling, J. R.
- Affiliations
- Brookings Institution (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kling, Jeffrey R
- Venue
- American Economic Review
- Publisher
- American Economic Association
- Published
- 2006-05-01
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 863-876
- ISSN
- 0002-8282 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2165279165
- Cited by
- 563
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 60.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Economic Review (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Labor market dynamics and wage inequality
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems
- Keywords
- prison sentence length, post-release employment, earnings, labor market outcomes, recidivism, sentencing, instrumental variables
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